tools/perf/util/stat-shadow.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2 #include <stdio.h>
   3 #include "evsel.h"
   4 #include "stat.h"
   5 #include "color.h"
   6 #include "pmu.h"
   7 #include "rblist.h"
   8 #include "evlist.h"
   9 #include "expr.h"
  10 #include "metricgroup.h"
  11 #include "cgroup.h"
  12 #include "units.h"
  13 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
  14 #include "iostat.h"
  15
  16 /*
  17  * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
  18  * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
  19  * AGGR_DIE: Use first CPU of die
  20  * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
  21  * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
  22  * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
  23  */
  24
  25 struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
  26 struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
  27
  28 struct saved_value {
  29         struct rb_node rb_node;
  30         struct evsel *evsel;
  31         enum stat_type type;
  32         int ctx;
  33         int cpu;
  34         struct cgroup *cgrp;
  35         struct runtime_stat *stat;
  36         struct stats stats;
  37         u64 metric_total;
  38         int metric_other;
  39 };
  40
  41 static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
  42 {
  43         struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
  44                                              struct saved_value,
  45                                              rb_node);
  46         const struct saved_value *b = entry;
  47
  48         if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
  49                 return a->cpu - b->cpu;
  50
  51         /*
  52          * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
  53          * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
  54          * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
  55          * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
  56          * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
  57          */
  58         if (a->type != b->type)
  59                 return a->type - b->type;
  60
  61         if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
  62                 return a->ctx - b->ctx;
  63
  64         if (a->cgrp != b->cgrp)
  65                 return (char *)a->cgrp < (char *)b->cgrp ? -1 : +1;
  66
  67         if (a->evsel == NULL && b->evsel == NULL) {
  68                 if (a->stat == b->stat)
  69                         return 0;
  70
  71                 if ((char *)a->stat < (char *)b->stat)
  72                         return -1;
  73
  74                 return 1;
  75         }
  76
  77         if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
  78                 return 0;
  79         if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
  80                 return -1;
  81         return +1;
  82 }
  83
  84 static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  85                                      const void *entry)
  86 {
  87         struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
  88
  89         if (!nd)
  90                 return NULL;
  91         memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
  92         return &nd->rb_node;
  93 }
  94
  95 static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  96                                struct rb_node *rb_node)
  97 {
  98         struct saved_value *v;
  99
 100         BUG_ON(!rb_node);
 101         v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 102         free(v);
 103 }
 104
 105 static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct evsel *evsel,
 106                                               int cpu,
 107                                               bool create,
 108                                               enum stat_type type,
 109                                               int ctx,
 110                                               struct runtime_stat *st,
 111                                               struct cgroup *cgrp)
 112 {
 113         struct rblist *rblist;
 114         struct rb_node *nd;
 115         struct saved_value dm = {
 116                 .cpu = cpu,
 117                 .evsel = evsel,
 118                 .type = type,
 119                 .ctx = ctx,
 120                 .stat = st,
 121                 .cgrp = cgrp,
 122         };
 123
 124         rblist = &st->value_list;
 125
 126         /* don't use context info for clock events */
 127         if (type == STAT_NSECS)
 128                 dm.ctx = 0;
 129
 130         nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 131         if (nd)
 132                 return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 133         if (create) {
 134                 rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
 135                 nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 136                 if (nd)
 137                         return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 138         }
 139         return NULL;
 140 }
 141
 142 void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
 143 {
 144         struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
 145
 146         rblist__init(rblist);
 147         rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
 148         rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
 149         rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
 150 }
 151
 152 void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
 153 {
 154         rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
 155 }
 156
 157 void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
 158 {
 159         runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
 160 }
 161
 162 static int evsel_context(struct evsel *evsel)
 163 {
 164         int ctx = 0;
 165
 166         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_kernel)
 167                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
 168         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_user)
 169                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
 170         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_hv)
 171                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
 172         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_host)
 173                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
 174         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_idle)
 175                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
 176
 177         return ctx;
 178 }
 179
 180 static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 181 {
 182         struct rblist *rblist;
 183         struct rb_node *pos, *next;
 184
 185         rblist = &st->value_list;
 186         next = rb_first_cached(&rblist->entries);
 187         while (next) {
 188                 pos = next;
 189                 next = rb_next(pos);
 190                 memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
 191                        0,
 192                        sizeof(struct stats));
 193         }
 194 }
 195
 196 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
 197 {
 198         reset_stat(&rt_stat);
 199         memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 200 }
 201
 202 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 203 {
 204         reset_stat(st);
 205 }
 206
 207 struct runtime_stat_data {
 208         int ctx;
 209         struct cgroup *cgrp;
 210 };
 211
 212 static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
 213                                 enum stat_type type,
 214                                 int cpu, u64 count,
 215                                 struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 216 {
 217         struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, true, type,
 218                                                    rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 219
 220         if (v)
 221                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 222 }
 223
 224 /*
 225  * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
 226  * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
 227  * instruction rates, etc:
 228  */
 229 void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct evsel *counter, u64 count,
 230                                     int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 231 {
 232         u64 count_ns = count;
 233         struct saved_value *v;
 234         struct runtime_stat_data rsd = {
 235                 .ctx = evsel_context(counter),
 236                 .cgrp = counter->cgrp,
 237         };
 238
 239         count *= counter->scale;
 240
 241         if (evsel__is_clock(counter))
 242                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, cpu, count_ns, &rsd);
 243         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 244                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, count, &rsd);
 245         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
 246                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, cpu, count, &rsd);
 247         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
 248                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, cpu, count, &rsd);
 249         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
 250                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, cpu, count, &rsd);
 251         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
 252                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
 253                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 254         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
 255                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
 256                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 257         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
 258                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 259                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 260         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
 261                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 262                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 263         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
 264                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
 265                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 266         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RETIRING))
 267                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING,
 268                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 269         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC))
 270                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC,
 271                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 272         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND))
 273                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND,
 274                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 275         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND))
 276                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND,
 277                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 278         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS))
 279                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS,
 280                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 281         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT))
 282                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT,
 283                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 284         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT))
 285                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT,
 286                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 287         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND))
 288                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND,
 289                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 290         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 291                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 292                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 293         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
 294                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 295                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 296         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 297                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, cpu, count, &rsd);
 298         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 299                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, cpu, count, &rsd);
 300         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
 301                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, cpu, count, &rsd);
 302         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
 303                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, cpu, count, &rsd);
 304         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
 305                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, cpu, count, &rsd);
 306         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
 307                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, cpu, count, &rsd);
 308         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
 309                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, cpu, count, &rsd);
 310         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
 311                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, cpu, count, &rsd);
 312         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
 313                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, cpu, count, &rsd);
 314
 315         if (counter->collect_stat) {
 316                 v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st,
 317                                        rsd.cgrp);
 318                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 319                 if (counter->metric_leader)
 320                         v->metric_total += count;
 321         } else if (counter->metric_leader) {
 322                 v = saved_value_lookup(counter->metric_leader,
 323                                        cpu, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st, rsd.cgrp);
 324                 v->metric_total += count;
 325                 v->metric_other++;
 326         }
 327 }
 328
 329 /* used for get_ratio_color() */
 330 enum grc_type {
 331         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
 332         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
 333         GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
 334         GRC_MAX_NR
 335 };
 336
 337 static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
 338 {
 339         static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
 340                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
 341                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
 342                 [GRC_CACHE_MISSES]      = { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
 343         };
 344         const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
 345
 346         if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
 347                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 348         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
 349                 color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
 350         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
 351                 color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
 352
 353         return color;
 354 }
 355
 356 static struct evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct evlist *evsel_list,
 357                                                 const char *name)
 358 {
 359         struct evsel *c2;
 360
 361         evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
 362                 if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name) && !c2->collect_stat)
 363                         return c2;
 364         }
 365         return NULL;
 366 }
 367
 368 /* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
 369 void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct evlist *evsel_list)
 370 {
 371         struct evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
 372         bool found;
 373         struct expr_parse_ctx ctx;
 374         struct hashmap_entry *cur;
 375         size_t bkt;
 376         int i;
 377
 378         expr__ctx_init(&ctx);
 379         evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
 380                 bool invalid = false;
 381
 382                 leader = counter->leader;
 383                 if (!counter->metric_expr)
 384                         continue;
 385
 386                 expr__ctx_clear(&ctx);
 387                 metric_events = counter->metric_events;
 388                 if (!metric_events) {
 389                         if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr,
 390                                              counter->name,
 391                                              &ctx, 1) < 0)
 392                                 continue;
 393
 394                         metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct evsel *),
 395                                                hashmap__size(&ctx.ids) + 1);
 396                         if (!metric_events) {
 397                                 expr__ctx_clear(&ctx);
 398                                 return;
 399                         }
 400                         counter->metric_events = metric_events;
 401                 }
 402
 403                 i = 0;
 404                 hashmap__for_each_entry((&ctx.ids), cur, bkt) {
 405                         const char *metric_name = (const char *)cur->key;
 406
 407                         found = false;
 408                         if (leader) {
 409                                 /* Search in group */
 410                                 for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
 411                                         if (!strcasecmp(oc->name,
 412                                                         metric_name) &&
 413                                                 !oc->collect_stat) {
 414                                                 found = true;
 415                                                 break;
 416                                         }
 417                                 }
 418                         }
 419                         if (!found) {
 420                                 /* Search ignoring groups */
 421                                 oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list,
 422                                                            metric_name);
 423                         }
 424                         if (!oc) {
 425                                 /* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
 426                                 static char *printed;
 427
 428                                 /*
 429                                  * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
 430                                  * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
 431                                  * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
 432                                  * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
 433                                  * events.
 434                                  */
 435                                 if (!printed ||
 436                                     strcasecmp(printed, metric_name)) {
 437                                         fprintf(stderr,
 438                                                 "Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
 439                                                 metric_name,
 440                                                 counter->name);
 441                                         printed = strdup(metric_name);
 442                                 }
 443                                 invalid = true;
 444                                 continue;
 445                         }
 446                         metric_events[i++] = oc;
 447                         oc->collect_stat = true;
 448                 }
 449                 metric_events[i] = NULL;
 450                 if (invalid) {
 451                         free(metric_events);
 452                         counter->metric_events = NULL;
 453                         counter->metric_expr = NULL;
 454                 }
 455         }
 456         expr__ctx_clear(&ctx);
 457 }
 458
 459 static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
 460                                enum stat_type type, int cpu,
 461                                struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 462 {
 463         struct saved_value *v;
 464
 465         v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 466         if (!v)
 467                 return 0.0;
 468
 469         return avg_stats(&v->stats);
 470 }
 471
 472 static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
 473                              enum stat_type type, int cpu,
 474                              struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 475 {
 476         struct saved_value *v;
 477
 478         v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 479         if (!v)
 480                 return 0.0;
 481
 482         return v->stats.n;
 483 }
 484
 485 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 486                                           int cpu, double avg,
 487                                           struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 488                                           struct runtime_stat *st,
 489                                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 490 {
 491         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 492         const char *color;
 493
 494         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, rsd);
 495
 496         if (total)
 497                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 498
 499         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
 500
 501         if (ratio)
 502                 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
 503                                   ratio);
 504         else
 505                 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
 506 }
 507
 508 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 509                                          int cpu, double avg,
 510                                          struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 511                                          struct runtime_stat *st,
 512                                          struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 513 {
 514         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 515         const char *color;
 516
 517         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, rsd);
 518
 519         if (total)
 520                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 521
 522         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
 523
 524         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
 525 }
 526
 527 static void print_branch_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 528                                 int cpu, double avg,
 529                                 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 530                                 struct runtime_stat *st,
 531                                 struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 532 {
 533         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 534         const char *color;
 535
 536         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, cpu, rsd);
 537
 538         if (total)
 539                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 540
 541         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 542
 543         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
 544 }
 545
 546 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 547                                    int cpu, double avg,
 548                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 549                                    struct runtime_stat *st,
 550                                    struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 551 {
 552         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 553         const char *color;
 554
 555         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, cpu, rsd);
 556
 557         if (total)
 558                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 559
 560         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 561
 562         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache accesses", ratio);
 563 }
 564
 565 static void print_l1_icache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 566                                    int cpu, double avg,
 567                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 568                                    struct runtime_stat *st,
 569                                    struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 570 {
 571         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 572         const char *color;
 573
 574         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, cpu, rsd);
 575
 576         if (total)
 577                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 578
 579         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 580         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache accesses", ratio);
 581 }
 582
 583 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 584                                     int cpu, double avg,
 585                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 586                                     struct runtime_stat *st,
 587                                     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 588 {
 589         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 590         const char *color;
 591
 592         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, cpu, rsd);
 593
 594         if (total)
 595                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 596
 597         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 598         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache accesses", ratio);
 599 }
 600
 601 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 602                                     int cpu, double avg,
 603                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 604                                     struct runtime_stat *st,
 605                                     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 606 {
 607         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 608         const char *color;
 609
 610         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, cpu, rsd);
 611
 612         if (total)
 613                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 614
 615         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 616         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache accesses", ratio);
 617 }
 618
 619 static void print_ll_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 620                                   int cpu, double avg,
 621                                   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 622                                   struct runtime_stat *st,
 623                                   struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 624 {
 625         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 626         const char *color;
 627
 628         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, cpu, rsd);
 629
 630         if (total)
 631                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 632
 633         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 634         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache accesses", ratio);
 635 }
 636
 637 /*
 638  * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
 639  *
 640  * Basic concept following
 641  * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
 642  * ISPASS14
 643  *
 644  * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
 645  *
 646  * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
 647  * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
 648  * (for example branch mispredictions)
 649  * Frontend is instruction decoding.
 650  * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
 651  * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
 652  *
 653  * The formulas are computed in slots.
 654  * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
 655  * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
 656  *
 657  * Formulas:
 658  * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
 659  *                      TotalSlots
 660  * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
 661  * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
 662  * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
 663  *
 664  * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
 665  * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
 666  *
 667  * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
 668  *
 669  * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
 670  *
 671  * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
 672  * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
 673  *
 674  * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
 675  * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
 676  * support Level 1 TopDown.
 677  */
 678
 679 static double sanitize_val(double x)
 680 {
 681         if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
 682                 return 0.0;
 683         return x;
 684 }
 685
 686 static double td_total_slots(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st,
 687                              struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 688 {
 689         return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, cpu, rsd);
 690 }
 691
 692 static double td_bad_spec(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st,
 693                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 694 {
 695         double bad_spec = 0;
 696         double total_slots;
 697         double total;
 698
 699         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, cpu, rsd) -
 700                 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, cpu, rsd) +
 701                 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, cpu, rsd);
 702
 703         total_slots = td_total_slots(cpu, st, rsd);
 704         if (total_slots)
 705                 bad_spec = total / total_slots;
 706         return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
 707 }
 708
 709 static double td_retiring(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st,
 710                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 711 {
 712         double retiring = 0;
 713         double total_slots = td_total_slots(cpu, st, rsd);
 714         double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 715                                             cpu, rsd);
 716
 717         if (total_slots)
 718                 retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
 719         return retiring;
 720 }
 721
 722 static double td_fe_bound(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st,
 723                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 724 {
 725         double fe_bound = 0;
 726         double total_slots = td_total_slots(cpu, st, rsd);
 727         double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 728                                             cpu, rsd);
 729
 730         if (total_slots)
 731                 fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
 732         return fe_bound;
 733 }
 734
 735 static double td_be_bound(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st,
 736                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 737 {
 738         double sum = (td_fe_bound(cpu, st, rsd) +
 739                       td_bad_spec(cpu, st, rsd) +
 740                       td_retiring(cpu, st, rsd));
 741         if (sum == 0)
 742                 return 0;
 743         return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
 744 }
 745
 746 /*
 747  * Kernel reports metrics multiplied with slots. To get back
 748  * the ratios we need to recreate the sum.
 749  */
 750
 751 static double td_metric_ratio(int cpu, enum stat_type type,
 752                               struct runtime_stat *stat,
 753                               struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 754 {
 755         double sum = runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, cpu, rsd) +
 756                 runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, cpu, rsd) +
 757                 runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, cpu, rsd) +
 758                 runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, cpu, rsd);
 759         double d = runtime_stat_avg(stat, type, cpu, rsd);
 760
 761         if (sum)
 762                 return d / sum;
 763         return 0;
 764 }
 765
 766 /*
 767  * ... but only if most of the values are actually available.
 768  * We allow two missing.
 769  */
 770
 771 static bool full_td(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *stat,
 772                     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 773 {
 774         int c = 0;
 775
 776         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, cpu, rsd) > 0)
 777                 c++;
 778         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, cpu, rsd) > 0)
 779                 c++;
 780         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, cpu, rsd) > 0)
 781                 c++;
 782         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, cpu, rsd) > 0)
 783                 c++;
 784         return c >= 2;
 785 }
 786
 787 static void print_smi_cost(struct perf_stat_config *config, int cpu,
 788                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 789                            struct runtime_stat *st,
 790                            struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 791 {
 792         double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
 793         const char *color = NULL;
 794
 795         smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, cpu, rsd);
 796         aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, cpu, rsd);
 797         cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, rsd);
 798
 799         if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
 800                 return;
 801
 802         if (smi_num)
 803                 cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
 804
 805         if (cost > 10)
 806                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 807         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
 808         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
 809 }
 810
 811 static int prepare_metric(struct evsel **metric_events,
 812                           struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
 813                           struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx,
 814                           int cpu,
 815                           struct runtime_stat *st)
 816 {
 817         double scale;
 818         char *n, *pn;
 819         int i, j, ret;
 820
 821         expr__ctx_init(pctx);
 822         for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
 823                 struct saved_value *v;
 824                 struct stats *stats;
 825                 u64 metric_total = 0;
 826
 827                 if (!strcmp(metric_events[i]->name, "duration_time")) {
 828                         stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
 829                         scale = 1e-9;
 830                 } else {
 831                         v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], cpu, false,
 832                                                STAT_NONE, 0, st,
 833                                                metric_events[i]->cgrp);
 834                         if (!v)
 835                                 break;
 836                         stats = &v->stats;
 837                         scale = 1.0;
 838
 839                         if (v->metric_other)
 840                                 metric_total = v->metric_total;
 841                 }
 842
 843                 n = strdup(metric_events[i]->name);
 844                 if (!n)
 845                         return -ENOMEM;
 846                 /*
 847                  * This display code with --no-merge adds [cpu] postfixes.
 848                  * These are not supported by the parser. Remove everything
 849                  * after the space.
 850                  */
 851                 pn = strchr(n, ' ');
 852                 if (pn)
 853                         *pn = 0;
 854
 855                 if (metric_total)
 856                         expr__add_id_val(pctx, n, metric_total);
 857                 else
 858                         expr__add_id_val(pctx, n, avg_stats(stats)*scale);
 859         }
 860
 861         for (j = 0; metric_refs && metric_refs[j].metric_name; j++) {
 862                 ret = expr__add_ref(pctx, &metric_refs[j]);
 863                 if (ret)
 864                         return ret;
 865         }
 866
 867         return i;
 868 }
 869
 870 static void generic_metric(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 871                            const char *metric_expr,
 872                            struct evsel **metric_events,
 873                            struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
 874                            char *name,
 875                            const char *metric_name,
 876                            const char *metric_unit,
 877                            int runtime,
 878                            int cpu,
 879                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 880                            struct runtime_stat *st)
 881 {
 882         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 883         struct expr_parse_ctx pctx;
 884         double ratio, scale;
 885         int i;
 886         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 887
 888         i = prepare_metric(metric_events, metric_refs, &pctx, cpu, st);
 889         if (i < 0)
 890                 return;
 891
 892         if (!metric_events[i]) {
 893                 if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, metric_expr, runtime) == 0) {
 894                         char *unit;
 895                         char metric_bf[64];
 896
 897                         if (metric_unit && metric_name) {
 898                                 if (perf_pmu__convert_scale(metric_unit,
 899                                         &unit, &scale) >= 0) {
 900                                         ratio *= scale;
 901                                 }
 902                                 if (strstr(metric_expr, "?"))
 903                                         scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 904                                           "%s  %s_%d", unit, metric_name, runtime);
 905                                 else
 906                                         scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 907                                           "%s  %s", unit, metric_name);
 908
 909                                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 910                                              metric_bf, ratio);
 911                         } else {
 912                                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.2f",
 913                                         metric_name ?
 914                                         metric_name :
 915                                         out->force_header ?  name : "",
 916                                         ratio);
 917                         }
 918                 } else {
 919                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 920                                      out->force_header ?
 921                                      (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 922                 }
 923         } else {
 924                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 925                              out->force_header ?
 926                              (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 927         }
 928
 929         expr__ctx_clear(&pctx);
 930 }
 931
 932 double test_generic_metric(struct metric_expr *mexp, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 933 {
 934         struct expr_parse_ctx pctx;
 935         double ratio = 0.0;
 936
 937         if (prepare_metric(mexp->metric_events, mexp->metric_refs, &pctx, cpu, st) < 0)
 938                 goto out;
 939
 940         if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, mexp->metric_expr, 1))
 941                 ratio = 0.0;
 942
 943 out:
 944         expr__ctx_clear(&pctx);
 945         return ratio;
 946 }
 947
 948 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 949                                    struct evsel *evsel,
 950                                    double avg, int cpu,
 951                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 952                                    struct rblist *metric_events,
 953                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 954 {
 955         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 956         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 957         double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 958         const char *color = NULL;
 959         struct runtime_stat_data rsd = {
 960                 .ctx = evsel_context(evsel),
 961                 .cgrp = evsel->cgrp,
 962         };
 963         struct metric_event *me;
 964         int num = 1;
 965
 966         if (config->iostat_run) {
 967                 iostat_print_metric(config, evsel, out);
 968         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 969                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, &rsd);
 970
 971                 if (total) {
 972                         ratio = avg / total;
 973                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 974                                         "insn per cycle", ratio);
 975                 } else {
 976                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
 977                 }
 978
 979                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT, cpu, &rsd);
 980
 981                 total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
 982                                                     STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 983                                                     cpu, &rsd));
 984
 985                 if (total && avg) {
 986                         out->new_line(config, ctxp);
 987                         ratio = total / avg;
 988                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 989                                         "stalled cycles per insn",
 990                                         ratio);
 991                 }
 992         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
 993                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
 994                         print_branch_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
 995                 else
 996                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
 997         } else if (
 998                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 999                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
1000                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1001                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1002
1003                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1004                         print_l1_dcache_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1005                 else
1006                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache accesses", 0);
1007         } else if (
1008                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1009                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
1010                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1011                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1012
1013                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1014                         print_l1_icache_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1015                 else
1016                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache accesses", 0);
1017         } else if (
1018                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1019                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
1020                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1021                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1022
1023                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1024                         print_dtlb_cache_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1025                 else
1026                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache accesses", 0);
1027         } else if (
1028                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1029                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
1030                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1031                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1032
1033                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1034                         print_itlb_cache_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1035                 else
1036                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache accesses", 0);
1037         } else if (
1038                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1039                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
1040                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1041                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1042
1043                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1044                         print_ll_cache_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1045                 else
1046                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache accesses", 0);
1047         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
1048                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, cpu, &rsd);
1049
1050                 if (total)
1051                         ratio = avg * 100 / total;
1052
1053                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1054                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
1055                                      "of all cache refs", ratio);
1056                 else
1057                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
1058         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
1059                 print_stalled_cycles_frontend(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1060         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
1061                 print_stalled_cycles_backend(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1062         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
1063                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, cpu, &rsd);
1064
1065                 if (total) {
1066                         ratio = avg / total;
1067                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
1068                 } else {
1069                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
1070                 }
1071         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
1072                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, &rsd);
1073
1074                 if (total)
1075                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL,
1076                                         "%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
1077                                         100.0 * (avg / total));
1078                 else
1079                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
1080                                      0);
1081         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
1082                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, &rsd);
1083                 total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, cpu, &rsd);
1084
1085                 if (total2 < avg)
1086                         total2 = avg;
1087                 if (total)
1088                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
1089                                 100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
1090                 else
1091                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
1092         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
1093                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, cpu, &rsd);
1094
1095                 if (avg)
1096                         ratio = total / avg;
1097
1098                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1099                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
1100                                      "cycles / transaction", ratio);
1101                 else
1102                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
1103                                       0);
1104         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
1105                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, cpu, &rsd);
1106
1107                 if (avg)
1108                         ratio = total / avg;
1109
1110                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
1111         } else if (evsel__is_clock(evsel)) {
1112                 if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
1113                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
1114                                      avg / (ratio * evsel->scale));
1115                 else
1116                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
1117         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
1118                 double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(cpu, st, &rsd);
1119
1120                 if (fe_bound > 0.2)
1121                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1122                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
1123                                 fe_bound * 100.);
1124         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
1125                 double retiring = td_retiring(cpu, st, &rsd);
1126
1127                 if (retiring > 0.7)
1128                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1129                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
1130                                 retiring * 100.);
1131         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
1132                 double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(cpu, st, &rsd);
1133
1134                 if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1135                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1136                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
1137                                 bad_spec * 100.);
1138         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
1139                 double be_bound = td_be_bound(cpu, st, &rsd);
1140                 const char *name = "backend bound";
1141                 static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
1142
1143                 /* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
1144                 if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
1145                         have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
1146                                         "topdown-recovery-bubbles");
1147                 if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
1148                         name = "backend bound/bad spec";
1149
1150                 if (be_bound > 0.2)
1151                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1152                 if (td_total_slots(cpu, st, &rsd) > 0)
1153                         print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
1154                                         be_bound * 100.);
1155                 else
1156                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
1157         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RETIRING) &&
1158                    full_td(cpu, st, &rsd)) {
1159                 double retiring = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1160                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, st,
1161                                                   &rsd);
1162                 if (retiring > 0.7)
1163                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1164                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
1165                                 retiring * 100.);
1166         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND) &&
1167                    full_td(cpu, st, &rsd)) {
1168                 double fe_bound = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1169                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, st,
1170                                                   &rsd);
1171                 if (fe_bound > 0.2)
1172                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1173                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
1174                                 fe_bound * 100.);
1175         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND) &&
1176                    full_td(cpu, st, &rsd)) {
1177                 double be_bound = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1178                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, st,
1179                                                   &rsd);
1180                 if (be_bound > 0.2)
1181                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1182                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "backend bound",
1183                                 be_bound * 100.);
1184         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC) &&
1185                    full_td(cpu, st, &rsd)) {
1186                 double bad_spec = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1187                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, st,
1188                                                   &rsd);
1189                 if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1190                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1191                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
1192                                 bad_spec * 100.);
1193         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS) &&
1194                         full_td(cpu, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1195                 double retiring = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1196                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, st,
1197                                                   &rsd);
1198                 double heavy_ops = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1199                                                    STAT_TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS, st,
1200                                                    &rsd);
1201                 double light_ops = retiring - heavy_ops;
1202
1203                 if (retiring > 0.7 && heavy_ops > 0.1)
1204                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1205                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "heavy operations",
1206                                 heavy_ops * 100.);
1207                 if (retiring > 0.7 && light_ops > 0.6)
1208                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1209                 else
1210                         color = NULL;
1211                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "light operations",
1212                                 light_ops * 100.);
1213         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT) &&
1214                         full_td(cpu, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1215                 double bad_spec = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1216                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, st,
1217                                                   &rsd);
1218                 double br_mis = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1219                                                 STAT_TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT, st,
1220                                                 &rsd);
1221                 double m_clears = bad_spec - br_mis;
1222
1223                 if (bad_spec > 0.1 && br_mis > 0.05)
1224                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1225                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "branch mispredict",
1226                                 br_mis * 100.);
1227                 if (bad_spec > 0.1 && m_clears > 0.05)
1228                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1229                 else
1230                         color = NULL;
1231                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "machine clears",
1232                                 m_clears * 100.);
1233         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT) &&
1234                         full_td(cpu, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1235                 double fe_bound = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1236                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, st,
1237                                                   &rsd);
1238                 double fetch_lat = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1239                                                    STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT, st,
1240                                                    &rsd);
1241                 double fetch_bw = fe_bound - fetch_lat;
1242
1243                 if (fe_bound > 0.2 && fetch_lat > 0.15)
1244                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1245                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "fetch latency",
1246                                 fetch_lat * 100.);
1247                 if (fe_bound > 0.2 && fetch_bw > 0.1)
1248                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1249                 else
1250                         color = NULL;
1251                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "fetch bandwidth",
1252                                 fetch_bw * 100.);
1253         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND) &&
1254                         full_td(cpu, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1255                 double be_bound = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1256                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, st,
1257                                                   &rsd);
1258                 double mem_bound = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1259                                                    STAT_TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND, st,
1260                                                    &rsd);
1261                 double core_bound = be_bound - mem_bound;
1262
1263                 if (be_bound > 0.2 && mem_bound > 0.2)
1264                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1265                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "memory bound",
1266                                 mem_bound * 100.);
1267                 if (be_bound > 0.2 && core_bound > 0.1)
1268                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1269                 else
1270                         color = NULL;
1271                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Core bound",
1272                                 core_bound * 100.);
1273         } else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
1274                 generic_metric(config, evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, NULL,
1275                                 evsel->name, evsel->metric_name, NULL, 1, cpu, out, st);
1276         } else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, cpu, &rsd) != 0) {
1277                 char unit = ' ';
1278                 char unit_buf[10] = "/sec";
1279
1280                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, cpu, &rsd);
1281                 if (total)
1282                         ratio = convert_unit_double(1000000000.0 * avg / total, &unit);
1283
1284                 if (unit != ' ')
1285                         snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
1286                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
1287         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
1288                 print_smi_cost(config, cpu, out, st, &rsd);
1289         } else {
1290                 num = 0;
1291         }
1292
1293         if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
1294                 struct metric_expr *mexp;
1295
1296                 list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
1297                         if (num++ > 0)
1298                                 out->new_line(config, ctxp);
1299                         generic_metric(config, mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
1300                                         mexp->metric_refs, evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
1301                                         mexp->metric_unit, mexp->runtime, cpu, out, st);
1302                 }
1303         }
1304         if (num == 0)
1305                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
1306 }