scripts/checkpatch.pl

   1 #!/usr/bin/env perl
   2 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   3 #
   4 # (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   5 # (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   6 # (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   7 # (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   8 # (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
   9
  10 use strict;
  11 use warnings;
  12 use POSIX;
  13 use File::Basename;
  14 use Cwd 'abs_path';
  15 use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  16 use Encode qw(decode encode);
  17
  18 my $P = $0;
  19 my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  20
  21 my $V = '0.32';
  22
  23 use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  24
  25 my $quiet = 0;
  26 my $tree = 1;
  27 my $chk_signoff = 1;
  28 my $chk_patch = 1;
  29 my $tst_only;
  30 my $emacs = 0;
  31 my $terse = 0;
  32 my $showfile = 0;
  33 my $file = 0;
  34 my $git = 0;
  35 my %git_commits = ();
  36 my $check = 0;
  37 my $check_orig = 0;
  38 my $summary = 1;
  39 my $mailback = 0;
  40 my $summary_file = 0;
  41 my $show_types = 0;
  42 my $list_types = 0;
  43 my $fix = 0;
  44 my $fix_inplace = 0;
  45 my $root;
  46 my $gitroot = $ENV{'GIT_DIR'};
  47 $gitroot = ".git" if !defined($gitroot);
  48 my %debug;
  49 my %camelcase = ();
  50 my %use_type = ();
  51 my @use = ();
  52 my %ignore_type = ();
  53 my @ignore = ();
  54 my $help = 0;
  55 my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  56 my $max_line_length = 100;
  57 my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  58 my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  59 my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  60 my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  61 my $codespell = 0;
  62 my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  63 my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
  64 my $typedefsfile;
  65 my $color = "auto";
  66 my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
  67 # git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
  68 my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
  69 my $tabsize = 8;
  70 my ${CONFIG_} = "CONFIG_";
  71
  72 sub help {
  73         my ($exitcode) = @_;
  74
  75         print << "EOM";
  76 Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  77 Version: $V
  78
  79 Options:
  80   -q, --quiet                quiet
  81   --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
  82   --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
  83   --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
  84   --emacs                    emacs compile window format
  85   --terse                    one line per report
  86   --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
  87   -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
  88                              single git commit with:
  89                                <rev>
  90                                <rev>^
  91                                <rev>~n
  92                              multiple git commits with:
  93                                <rev1>..<rev2>
  94                                <rev1>...<rev2>
  95                                <rev>-<count>
  96                              git merges are ignored
  97   -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
  98   --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
  99   --list-types               list the possible message types
 100   --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
 101   --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
 102   --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
 103   --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, (default $max_line_length)
 104                              if exceeded, warn on patches
 105                              requires --strict for use with --file
 106   --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
 107   --tab-size=n               set the number of spaces for tab (default $tabsize)
 108   --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
 109   --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
 110   --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
 111   --summary-file             include the filename in summary
 112   --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
 113                              'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
 114                              is all off)
 115   --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 116                              literally
 117   --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 118                              If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 119                              "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 120                              with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 121                              checkpatch style
 122   --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 123                              Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 124                              file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 125   --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 126                              runtime errors.
 127   --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 128                              (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
 129   --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 130   --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
 131   --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
 132                              is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
 133   --kconfig-prefix=WORD      use WORD as a prefix for Kconfig symbols (default
 134                              ${CONFIG_})
 135   -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 136
 137 When FILE is - read standard input.
 138 EOM
 139
 140         exit($exitcode);
 141 }
 142
 143 sub uniq {
 144         my %seen;
 145         return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 146 }
 147
 148 sub list_types {
 149         my ($exitcode) = @_;
 150
 151         my $count = 0;
 152
 153         local $/ = undef;
 154
 155         open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 156             die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 157
 158         my $text = <$script>;
 159         close($script);
 160
 161         my @types = ();
 162         # Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
 163         for ($text =~ /(?:(?:\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
 164                 push (@types, $_);
 165         }
 166         @types = sort(uniq(@types));
 167         print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 168         foreach my $type (@types) {
 169                 print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 170         }
 171
 172         exit($exitcode);
 173 }
 174
 175 my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 176 if (-f $conf) {
 177         my @conf_args;
 178         open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 179             or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 180
 181         while (<$conffile>) {
 182                 my $line = $_;
 183
 184                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 185                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 186                 $line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 187
 188                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 189                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 190
 191                 my @words = split(" ", $line);
 192                 foreach my $word (@words) {
 193                         last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 194                         push (@conf_args, $word);
 195                 }
 196         }
 197         close($conffile);
 198         unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 199 }
 200
 201 # Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 202 # Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 203 foreach (@ARGV) {
 204         if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
 205                 $_ = "--color=$color";
 206         }
 207 }
 208
 209 GetOptions(
 210         'q|quiet+'      => \$quiet,
 211         'tree!'         => \$tree,
 212         'signoff!'      => \$chk_signoff,
 213         'patch!'        => \$chk_patch,
 214         'emacs!'        => \$emacs,
 215         'terse!'        => \$terse,
 216         'showfile!'     => \$showfile,
 217         'f|file!'       => \$file,
 218         'g|git!'        => \$git,
 219         'subjective!'   => \$check,
 220         'strict!'       => \$check,
 221         'ignore=s'      => \@ignore,
 222         'types=s'       => \@use,
 223         'show-types!'   => \$show_types,
 224         'list-types!'   => \$list_types,
 225         'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 226         'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 227         'tab-size=i'    => \$tabsize,
 228         'root=s'        => \$root,
 229         'summary!'      => \$summary,
 230         'mailback!'     => \$mailback,
 231         'summary-file!' => \$summary_file,
 232         'fix!'          => \$fix,
 233         'fix-inplace!'  => \$fix_inplace,
 234         'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 235         'debug=s'       => \%debug,
 236         'test-only=s'   => \$tst_only,
 237         'codespell!'    => \$codespell,
 238         'codespellfile=s'       => \$codespellfile,
 239         'typedefsfile=s'        => \$typedefsfile,
 240         'color=s'       => \$color,
 241         'no-color'      => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 242         'nocolor'       => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 243         'kconfig-prefix=s'      => \${CONFIG_},
 244         'h|help'        => \$help,
 245         'version'       => \$help
 246 ) or help(1);
 247
 248 help(0) if ($help);
 249
 250 list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 251
 252 $fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 253 $check_orig = $check;
 254
 255 die "$P: --git cannot be used with --file or --fix\n" if ($git && ($file || $fix));
 256
 257 my $exit = 0;
 258
 259 my $perl_version_ok = 1;
 260 if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 261         $perl_version_ok = 0;
 262         printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 263         exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
 264 }
 265
 266 #if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
 267 if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 268         push(@ARGV, '-');
 269 }
 270
 271 if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
 272         $color = !$color;
 273 } elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
 274         $color = 1;
 275 } elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
 276         $color = 0;
 277 } elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
 278         $color = (-t STDOUT);
 279 } else {
 280         die "$P: Invalid color mode: $color\n";
 281 }
 282
 283 # skip TAB size 1 to avoid additional checks on $tabsize - 1
 284 die "$P: Invalid TAB size: $tabsize\n" if ($tabsize < 2);
 285
 286 sub hash_save_array_words {
 287         my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 288
 289         my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 290         foreach my $word (@array) {
 291                 $word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 292                 $word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 293                 $word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 294                 $word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 295
 296                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 297                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 298
 299                 $hashRef->{$word}++;
 300         }
 301 }
 302
 303 sub hash_show_words {
 304         my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 305
 306         if (keys %$hashRef) {
 307                 print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 308                 foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 309                         print " $word";
 310                 }
 311                 print "\n";
 312         }
 313 }
 314
 315 hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 316 hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 317
 318 my $dbg_values = 0;
 319 my $dbg_possible = 0;
 320 my $dbg_type = 0;
 321 my $dbg_attr = 0;
 322 for my $key (keys %debug) {
 323         ## no critic
 324         eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 325         die "$@" if ($@);
 326 }
 327
 328 my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 329
 330 if ($terse) {
 331         $emacs = 1;
 332         $quiet++;
 333 }
 334
 335 if ($tree) {
 336         if (defined $root) {
 337                 if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 338                         die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 339                 }
 340         } else {
 341                 if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 342                         $root = '.';
 343                 } elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 344                                                 top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 345                         $root = $1;
 346                 }
 347         }
 348
 349         if (!defined $root) {
 350                 print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 351                 exit(2);
 352         }
 353 }
 354
 355 my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 356
 357 our $Ident      = qr{
 358                         [A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 359                         (?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 360                 }x;
 361 our $Storage    = qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 362 our $Sparse     = qr{
 363                         __user|
 364                         __kernel|
 365                         __force|
 366                         __iomem|
 367                         __must_check|
 368                         __kprobes|
 369                         __ref|
 370                         __refconst|
 371                         __refdata|
 372                         __rcu|
 373                         __private
 374                 }x;
 375 our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 376 our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 377 our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 378 our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 379 our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 380
 381 # Notes to $Attribute:
 382 # We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 383 our $Attribute  = qr{
 384                         const|
 385                         __percpu|
 386                         __nocast|
 387                         __safe|
 388                         __bitwise|
 389                         __packed__|
 390                         __packed2__|
 391                         __naked|
 392                         __maybe_unused|
 393                         __always_unused|
 394                         __noreturn|
 395                         __used|
 396                         __cold|
 397                         __pure|
 398                         __noclone|
 399                         __deprecated|
 400                         __read_mostly|
 401                         __ro_after_init|
 402                         __kprobes|
 403                         $InitAttribute|
 404                         ____cacheline_aligned|
 405                         ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 406                         ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 407                         __weak
 408                   }x;
 409 our $Modifier;
 410 our $Inline     = qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 411 our $Member     = qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 412 our $Lval       = qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 413
 414 our $Int_type   = qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 415 our $Binary     = qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 416 our $Hex        = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 417 our $Int        = qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 418 our $Octal      = qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 419 our $String     = qr{"[X\t]*"};
 420 our $Float_hex  = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 421 our $Float_dec  = qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 422 our $Float_int  = qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 423 our $Float      = qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 424 our $Constant   = qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 425 our $Assignment = qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 426 our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 427 our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 428 our $Operators  = qr{
 429                         <=|>=|==|!=|
 430                         =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 431                         &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 432                   }x;
 433
 434 our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 435
 436 our $BasicType;
 437 our $NonptrType;
 438 our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 439 our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 440 our $Type;
 441 our $TypeMisordered;
 442 our $Declare;
 443 our $DeclareMisordered;
 444
 445 our $NON_ASCII_UTF8     = qr{
 446         [\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 447         |  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 448         | [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 449         |  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 450         |  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 451         | [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 452         |  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 453 }x;
 454
 455 our $UTF8       = qr{
 456         [\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 457         | $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 458 }x;
 459
 460 our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 461 our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 462         u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 463         u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 464 )};
 465 our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 466         (?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 467         atomic_t
 468 )};
 469 our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 470         $typeC99Typedefs\b|
 471         $typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 472         $typeKernelTypedefs\b
 473 )};
 474
 475 our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 476
 477 our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 478         printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
 479         (?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 480         TP_printk|
 481         WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 482         panic|
 483         MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 484         seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 485 )};
 486
 487 our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 488         (?:(?:devm_)?
 489                 (?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_node|_array)? |
 490                 kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 491                 kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 492         (?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:_ip_align)? |
 493                                 # dev_alloc_skb/netdev_alloc_skb, et al
 494         dma_alloc_coherent
 495 )};
 496
 497 our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 498         Signed-off-by:|
 499         Co-developed-by:|
 500         Acked-by:|
 501         Tested-by:|
 502         Reviewed-by:|
 503         Reported-by:|
 504         Suggested-by:|
 505         To:|
 506         Cc:
 507 )};
 508
 509 sub edit_distance_min {
 510         my (@arr) = @_;
 511         my $len = scalar @arr;
 512         if ((scalar @arr) < 1) {
 513                 # if underflow, return
 514                 return;
 515         }
 516         my $min = $arr[0];
 517         for my $i (0 .. ($len-1)) {
 518                 if ($arr[$i] < $min) {
 519                         $min = $arr[$i];
 520                 }
 521         }
 522         return $min;
 523 }
 524
 525 sub get_edit_distance {
 526         my ($str1, $str2) = @_;
 527         $str1 = lc($str1);
 528         $str2 = lc($str2);
 529         $str1 =~ s/-//g;
 530         $str2 =~ s/-//g;
 531         my $len1 = length($str1);
 532         my $len2 = length($str2);
 533         # two dimensional array storing minimum edit distance
 534         my @distance;
 535         for my $i (0 .. $len1) {
 536                 for my $j (0 .. $len2) {
 537                         if ($i == 0) {
 538                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $j;
 539                         } elsif ($j == 0) {
 540                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $i;
 541                         } elsif (substr($str1, $i-1, 1) eq substr($str2, $j-1, 1)) {
 542                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1];
 543                         } else {
 544                                 my $dist1 = $distance[$i][$j - 1]; #insert distance
 545                                 my $dist2 = $distance[$i - 1][$j]; # remove
 546                                 my $dist3 = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1]; #replace
 547                                 $distance[$i][$j] = 1 + edit_distance_min($dist1, $dist2, $dist3);
 548                         }
 549                 }
 550         }
 551         return $distance[$len1][$len2];
 552 }
 553
 554 sub find_standard_signature {
 555         my ($sign_off) = @_;
 556         my @standard_signature_tags = (
 557                 'Signed-off-by:', 'Co-developed-by:', 'Acked-by:', 'Tested-by:',
 558                 'Reviewed-by:', 'Reported-by:', 'Suggested-by:'
 559         );
 560         foreach my $signature (@standard_signature_tags) {
 561                 return $signature if (get_edit_distance($sign_off, $signature) <= 2);
 562         }
 563
 564         return "";
 565 }
 566
 567 our @typeListMisordered = (
 568         qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 569         qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 570         qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 571         qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 572         qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 573         qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 574         qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 575         qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 576         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 577         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 578         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 579         qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 580         qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 581         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 582         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 583         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 584 );
 585
 586 our @typeList = (
 587         qr{void},
 588         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 589         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 590         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 591         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 592         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 593         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 594         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 595         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 596         qr{(?:un)?signed},
 597         qr{float},
 598         qr{double},
 599         qr{bool},
 600         qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 601         qr{union\s+$Ident},
 602         qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 603         qr{${Ident}_t},
 604         qr{${Ident}_handler},
 605         qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 606         @typeListMisordered,
 607 );
 608
 609 our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 610         long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 611         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 612         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 613         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 614         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 615         int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 616         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 617
 618         long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 619         long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 620         long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 621         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 622         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 623         int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 624         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 625
 626         int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 627         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 628 )};
 629
 630 our @typeListFile = ();
 631 our @typeListWithAttr = (
 632         @typeList,
 633         qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 634         qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 635 );
 636
 637 our @modifierList = (
 638         qr{fastcall},
 639 );
 640 our @modifierListFile = ();
 641
 642 our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 643         ["module_param", 3],
 644         ["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 645         ["module_param_array_named", 5],
 646         ["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 647         ["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 648         ["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
 649         ["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
 650         ["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
 651         ["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
 652         ["__ATTR", 2],
 653 );
 654
 655 my $word_pattern = '\b[A-Z]?[a-z]{2,}\b';
 656
 657 #Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 658 our $mode_perms_search = "";
 659 foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 660         $mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 661         $mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 662 }
 663 $mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
 664
 665 our %deprecated_apis = (
 666         "synchronize_rcu_bh"                    => "synchronize_rcu",
 667         "synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited"          => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 668         "call_rcu_bh"                           => "call_rcu",
 669         "rcu_barrier_bh"                        => "rcu_barrier",
 670         "synchronize_sched"                     => "synchronize_rcu",
 671         "synchronize_sched_expedited"           => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 672         "call_rcu_sched"                        => "call_rcu",
 673         "rcu_barrier_sched"                     => "rcu_barrier",
 674         "get_state_synchronize_sched"           => "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 675         "cond_synchronize_sched"                => "cond_synchronize_rcu",
 676 );
 677
 678 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 679 our $deprecated_apis_search = "";
 680 foreach my $entry (keys %deprecated_apis) {
 681         $deprecated_apis_search .= '|' if ($deprecated_apis_search ne "");
 682         $deprecated_apis_search .= $entry;
 683 }
 684 $deprecated_apis_search = "(?:${deprecated_apis_search})";
 685
 686 our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 687         S_IWUGO         |
 688         S_IWOTH         |
 689         S_IRWXUGO       |
 690         S_IALLUGO       |
 691         0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 692 }x;
 693
 694 our %mode_permission_string_types = (
 695         "S_IRWXU" => 0700,
 696         "S_IRUSR" => 0400,
 697         "S_IWUSR" => 0200,
 698         "S_IXUSR" => 0100,
 699         "S_IRWXG" => 0070,
 700         "S_IRGRP" => 0040,
 701         "S_IWGRP" => 0020,
 702         "S_IXGRP" => 0010,
 703         "S_IRWXO" => 0007,
 704         "S_IROTH" => 0004,
 705         "S_IWOTH" => 0002,
 706         "S_IXOTH" => 0001,
 707         "S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
 708         "S_IRUGO" => 0444,
 709         "S_IWUGO" => 0222,
 710         "S_IXUGO" => 0111,
 711 );
 712
 713 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 714 our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
 715 foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
 716         $mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
 717         $mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
 718 }
 719 our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
 720 our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
 721         ${single_mode_perms_string_search}
 722         (?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
 723 }x;
 724
 725 sub perms_to_octal {
 726         my ($string) = @_;
 727
 728         return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
 729
 730         my $val = "";
 731         my $oval = "";
 732         my $to = 0;
 733         my $curpos = 0;
 734         my $lastpos = 0;
 735         while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
 736                 $curpos = pos($string);
 737                 my $match = $2;
 738                 my $omatch = $1;
 739                 last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
 740                 $lastpos = $curpos;
 741                 $to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
 742                 $val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
 743                 $val .= $match;
 744                 $oval .= $omatch;
 745         }
 746         $oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
 747         $oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
 748         return sprintf("%04o", $to);
 749 }
 750
 751 our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 752         irq|
 753         memory|
 754         time|
 755         reboot
 756 )};
 757 # memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 758
 759 # Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 760 my $misspellings;
 761 my %spelling_fix;
 762
 763 if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 764         while (<$spelling>) {
 765                 my $line = $_;
 766
 767                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 768                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 769
 770                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 771                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 772
 773                 my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 774
 775                 $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 776         }
 777         close($spelling);
 778 } else {
 779         warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 780 }
 781
 782 if ($codespell) {
 783         if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 784                 while (<$spelling>) {
 785                         my $line = $_;
 786
 787                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 788                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 789
 790                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 791                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 792                         next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 793
 794                         $line =~ s/,.*$//;
 795
 796                         my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 797
 798                         $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 799                 }
 800                 close($spelling);
 801         } else {
 802                 warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 803         }
 804 }
 805
 806 $misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 807
 808 sub read_words {
 809         my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
 810
 811         if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
 812                 while (<$words>) {
 813                         my $line = $_;
 814
 815                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 816                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 817
 818                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 819                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 820                         if ($line =~ /\s/) {
 821                                 print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
 822                                 next;
 823                         }
 824
 825                         $$wordsRef .= '|' if (defined $$wordsRef);
 826                         $$wordsRef .= $line;
 827                 }
 828                 close($file);
 829                 return 1;
 830         }
 831
 832         return 0;
 833 }
 834
 835 my $const_structs;
 836 if (show_type("CONST_STRUCT")) {
 837         read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
 838             or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
 839 }
 840
 841 if (defined($typedefsfile)) {
 842         my $typeOtherTypedefs;
 843         read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
 844             or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
 845         $typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if (defined $typeOtherTypedefs);
 846 }
 847
 848 sub build_types {
 849         my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
 850         my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
 851         my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
 852         my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
 853         $Modifier       = qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
 854         $BasicType      = qr{
 855                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 856                                 (?:${all}\b)
 857                 }x;
 858         $NonptrType     = qr{
 859                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 860                         (?:
 861                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 862                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 863                                 (?:${all}\b)
 864                         )
 865                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 866                   }x;
 867         $NonptrTypeMisordered   = qr{
 868                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 869                         (?:
 870                                 (?:${Misordered}\b)
 871                         )
 872                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 873                   }x;
 874         $NonptrTypeWithAttr     = qr{
 875                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 876                         (?:
 877                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 878                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 879                                 (?:${allWithAttr}\b)
 880                         )
 881                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 882                   }x;
 883         $Type   = qr{
 884                         $NonptrType
 885                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
 886                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 887                   }x;
 888         $TypeMisordered = qr{
 889                         $NonptrTypeMisordered
 890                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
 891                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 892                   }x;
 893         $Declare        = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
 894         $DeclareMisordered      = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
 895 }
 896 build_types();
 897
 898 our $Typecast   = qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
 899
 900 # Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
 901 # requires at least perl version v5.10.0
 902 # Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
 903
 904 our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
 905 our $LvalOrFunc = qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
 906 our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
 907
 908 our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
 909         (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
 910         (?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
 911         (?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(
 912 )};
 913
 914 our %allow_repeated_words = (
 915         add => '',
 916         added => '',
 917         bad => '',
 918         be => '',
 919 );
 920
 921 sub deparenthesize {
 922         my ($string) = @_;
 923         return "" if (!defined($string));
 924
 925         while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
 926                 $string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
 927                 $string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
 928         }
 929
 930         $string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
 931
 932         return $string;
 933 }
 934
 935 sub seed_camelcase_file {
 936         my ($file) = @_;
 937
 938         return if (!(-f $file));
 939
 940         local $/;
 941
 942         open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
 943             or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
 944         my $text = <$include_file>;
 945         close($include_file);
 946
 947         my @lines = split('\n', $text);
 948
 949         foreach my $line (@lines) {
 950                 next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
 951                 if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
 952                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 953                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
 954                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 955                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
 956                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 957                 }
 958         }
 959 }
 960
 961 our %maintained_status = ();
 962
 963 sub is_maintained_obsolete {
 964         my ($filename) = @_;
 965
 966         return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
 967
 968         if (!exists($maintained_status{$filename})) {
 969                 $maintained_status{$filename} = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
 970         }
 971
 972         return $maintained_status{$filename} =~ /obsolete/i;
 973 }
 974
 975 sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
 976         my ($license) = @_;
 977
 978         return 1 if (!$tree || which("python") eq "" || !(-e "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
 979
 980         my $root_path = abs_path($root);
 981         my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | python scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
 982         return 0 if ($status ne "");
 983         return 1;
 984 }
 985
 986 my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
 987 sub seed_camelcase_includes {
 988         return if ($camelcase_seeded);
 989
 990         my $files;
 991         my $camelcase_cache = "";
 992         my @include_files = ();
 993
 994         $camelcase_seeded = 1;
 995
 996         if (-e "$gitroot") {
 997                 my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
 998                 chomp $git_last_include_commit;
 999                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
1000         } else {
1001                 my $last_mod_date = 0;
1002                 $files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
1003                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
1004                 foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1005                         my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
1006                                                    localtime((stat $file)[9]));
1007                         $last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
1008                 }
1009                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
1010         }
1011
1012         if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
1013                 open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
1014                     or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1015                 while (<$camelcase_file>) {
1016                         chomp;
1017                         $camelcase{$_} = 1;
1018                 }
1019                 close($camelcase_file);
1020
1021                 return;
1022         }
1023
1024         if (-e "$gitroot") {
1025                 $files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
1026                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
1027         }
1028
1029         foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1030                 seed_camelcase_file($file);
1031         }
1032
1033         if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
1034                 unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
1035                 open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
1036                     or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1037                 foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
1038                         print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
1039                 }
1040                 close($camelcase_file);
1041         }
1042 }
1043
1044 sub git_is_single_file {
1045         my ($filename) = @_;
1046
1047         return 0 if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1048
1049         my $output = `${git_command} ls-files -- $filename 2>/dev/null`;
1050         my $count = $output =~ tr/\n//;
1051         return $count eq 1 && $output =~ m{^${filename}$};
1052 }
1053
1054 sub git_commit_info {
1055         my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
1056
1057         return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1058
1059         my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
1060         $output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
1061         my @lines = split("\n", $output);
1062
1063         return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
1064
1065         if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous/) {
1066 # Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
1067 # all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
1068 #
1069 #               echo "checking commits $1..."
1070 #               git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
1071 #               while read line ; do
1072 #                   git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
1073 #                   echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
1074 #               done
1075         } elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
1076                 $id = undef;
1077         } else {
1078                 $id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
1079                 $desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
1080         }
1081
1082         return ($id, $desc);
1083 }
1084
1085 $chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
1086
1087 my @rawlines = ();
1088 my @lines = ();
1089 my @fixed = ();
1090 my @fixed_inserted = ();
1091 my @fixed_deleted = ();
1092 my $fixlinenr = -1;
1093
1094 # If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
1095 # For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
1096 die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e "$gitroot");
1097
1098 if ($git) {
1099         my @commits = ();
1100         foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
1101                 my $git_range;
1102                 if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
1103                         $git_range = "-$2 $1";
1104                 } elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
1105                         $git_range = "$commit_expr";
1106                 } else {
1107                         $git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
1108                 }
1109                 my $lines = `${git_command} log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
1110                 foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
1111                         $line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
1112                         next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
1113                         my $sha1 = $1;
1114                         my $subject = $2;
1115                         unshift(@commits, $sha1);
1116                         $git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
1117                 }
1118         }
1119         die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
1120         @ARGV = @commits;
1121 }
1122
1123 my $vname;
1124 $allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
1125 for my $filename (@ARGV) {
1126         my $FILE;
1127         my $is_git_file = git_is_single_file($filename);
1128         my $oldfile = $file;
1129         $file = 1 if ($is_git_file);
1130         if ($git) {
1131                 open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
1132                         die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
1133         } elsif ($file) {
1134                 open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
1135                         die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1136         } elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1137                 open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1138         } else {
1139                 open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1140                         die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1141         }
1142         if ($filename eq '-') {
1143                 $vname = 'Your patch';
1144         } elsif ($git) {
1145                 $vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1146         } else {
1147                 $vname = $filename;
1148         }
1149         while (<$FILE>) {
1150                 chomp;
1151                 push(@rawlines, $_);
1152                 $vname = qq("$1") if ($filename eq '-' && $_ =~ m/^Subject:\s+(.+)/i);
1153         }
1154         close($FILE);
1155
1156         if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1157                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1158                 print "$vname\n";
1159                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1160         }
1161
1162         if (!process($filename)) {
1163                 $exit = 1;
1164         }
1165         @rawlines = ();
1166         @lines = ();
1167         @fixed = ();
1168         @fixed_inserted = ();
1169         @fixed_deleted = ();
1170         $fixlinenr = -1;
1171         @modifierListFile = ();
1172         @typeListFile = ();
1173         build_types();
1174         $file = $oldfile if ($is_git_file);
1175 }
1176
1177 if (!$quiet) {
1178         hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1179         hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1180
1181         if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1182                 print << "EOM"
1183
1184 NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1185       An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1186 EOM
1187         }
1188         if ($exit) {
1189                 print << "EOM"
1190
1191 NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1192       them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1193 EOM
1194         }
1195 }
1196
1197 exit($exit);
1198
1199 sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1200         my ($root) = @_;
1201
1202         my @tree_check = (
1203                 "COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1204                 "README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1205                 "fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1206         );
1207
1208         foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1209                 if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1210                         return 0;
1211                 }
1212         }
1213         return 1;
1214 }
1215
1216 sub parse_email {
1217         my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1218
1219         my $name = "";
1220         my $quoted = "";
1221         my $name_comment = "";
1222         my $address = "";
1223         my $comment = "";
1224
1225         if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1226                 $name = $1;
1227                 $address = $2;
1228                 $comment = $3 if defined $3;
1229         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1230                 $address = $1;
1231                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1232         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1233                 $address = $1;
1234                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1235                 $formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1236                 $name = $formatted_email;
1237                 $name = trim($name);
1238                 $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1239                 # If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1240                 # leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1241                 # leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1242                 # is invalid. ie:
1243                 #   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1244                 #   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1245                 if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1246                         $name = "";
1247                         $address = "";
1248                         $comment = "";
1249                 }
1250         }
1251
1252         # Extract comments from names excluding quoted parts
1253         # "John D. (Doe)" - Do not extract
1254         if ($name =~ s/\"(.+)\"//) {
1255                 $quoted = $1;
1256         }
1257         while ($name =~ s/\s*($balanced_parens)\s*/ /) {
1258                 $name_comment .= trim($1);
1259         }
1260         $name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1261         $name = trim("$quoted $name");
1262
1263         $address = trim($address);
1264         $address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1265         $comment = trim($comment);
1266
1267         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1268                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1269                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1270         }
1271
1272         return ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment);
1273 }
1274
1275 sub format_email {
1276         my ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment) = @_;
1277
1278         my $formatted_email;
1279
1280         $name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1281         $address = trim($address);
1282         $address =~ s/(?:\.|\,|\")+$//; ##trailing commas, dots or quotes
1283
1284         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1285                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1286                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1287         }
1288
1289         $name_comment = trim($name_comment);
1290         $name_comment = " $name_comment" if ($name_comment ne "");
1291         $comment = trim($comment);
1292         $comment = " $comment" if ($comment ne "");
1293
1294         if ("$name" eq "") {
1295                 $formatted_email = "$address";
1296         } else {
1297                 $formatted_email = "$name$name_comment <$address>";
1298         }
1299         $formatted_email .= "$comment";
1300         return $formatted_email;
1301 }
1302
1303 sub reformat_email {
1304         my ($email) = @_;
1305
1306         my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
1307         return format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment);
1308 }
1309
1310 sub same_email_addresses {
1311         my ($email1, $email2) = @_;
1312
1313         my ($email1_name, $name1_comment, $email1_address, $comment1) = parse_email($email1);
1314         my ($email2_name, $name2_comment, $email2_address, $comment2) = parse_email($email2);
1315
1316         return $email1_name eq $email2_name &&
1317                $email1_address eq $email2_address &&
1318                $name1_comment eq $name2_comment &&
1319                $comment1 eq $comment2;
1320 }
1321
1322 sub which {
1323         my ($bin) = @_;
1324
1325         foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1326                 if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1327                         return "$path/$bin";
1328                 }
1329         }
1330
1331         return "";
1332 }
1333
1334 sub which_conf {
1335         my ($conf) = @_;
1336
1337         foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1338                 if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1339                         return "$path/$conf";
1340                 }
1341         }
1342
1343         return "";
1344 }
1345
1346 sub expand_tabs {
1347         my ($str) = @_;
1348
1349         my $res = '';
1350         my $n = 0;
1351         for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1352                 if ($c eq "\t") {
1353                         $res .= ' ';
1354                         $n++;
1355                         for (; ($n % $tabsize) != 0; $n++) {
1356                                 $res .= ' ';
1357                         }
1358                         next;
1359                 }
1360                 $res .= $c;
1361                 $n++;
1362         }
1363
1364         return $res;
1365 }
1366 sub copy_spacing {
1367         (my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1368         return $res;
1369 }
1370
1371 sub line_stats {
1372         my ($line) = @_;
1373
1374         # Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1375         $line =~ s/^.//;
1376         $line = expand_tabs($line);
1377
1378         # Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1379         my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1380
1381         return (length($line), length($white));
1382 }
1383
1384 my $sanitise_quote = '';
1385
1386 sub sanitise_line_reset {
1387         my ($in_comment) = @_;
1388
1389         if ($in_comment) {
1390                 $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1391         } else {
1392                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1393         }
1394 }
1395 sub sanitise_line {
1396         my ($line) = @_;
1397
1398         my $res = '';
1399         my $l = '';
1400
1401         my $qlen = 0;
1402         my $off = 0;
1403         my $c;
1404
1405         # Always copy over the diff marker.
1406         $res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1407
1408         for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1409                 $c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1410
1411                 # Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1412                 # and end, all to $;.
1413                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1414                         $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1415
1416                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1417                         $off++;
1418                         next;
1419                 }
1420                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1421                         $sanitise_quote = '';
1422                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1423                         $off++;
1424                         next;
1425                 }
1426                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1427                         $sanitise_quote = '//';
1428
1429                         substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1430                         $off++;
1431                         next;
1432                 }
1433
1434                 # A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1435                 if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1436                     $c eq "\\") {
1437                         substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1438                         $off++;
1439                         next;
1440                 }
1441                 # Regular quotes.
1442                 if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1443                         if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1444                                 $sanitise_quote = $c;
1445
1446                                 substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1447                                 next;
1448                         } elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1449                                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1450                         }
1451                 }
1452
1453                 #print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1454                 if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1455                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1456                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1457                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1458                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1459                         substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1460                 } else {
1461                         substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1462                 }
1463         }
1464
1465         if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1466                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1467         }
1468
1469         # The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1470         if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1471                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1472                 $res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1473
1474         # The whole of a #error is a string.
1475         } elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1476                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1477                 $res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1478         }
1479
1480         if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1481                 my $match = $1;
1482                 $res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1483         }
1484
1485         return $res;
1486 }
1487
1488 sub get_quoted_string {
1489         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1490
1491         return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1492         return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1493         return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1494 }
1495
1496 sub ctx_statement_block {
1497         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1498         my $line = $linenr - 1;
1499         my $blk = '';
1500         my $soff = $off;
1501         my $coff = $off - 1;
1502         my $coff_set = 0;
1503
1504         my $loff = 0;
1505
1506         my $type = '';
1507         my $level = 0;
1508         my @stack = ();
1509         my $p;
1510         my $c;
1511         my $len = 0;
1512
1513         my $remainder;
1514         while (1) {
1515                 @stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1516
1517                 #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1518                 # If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1519                 # context.
1520                 if ($off >= $len) {
1521                         for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1522                                 last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1523                                 next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1524                                 $remain--;
1525                                 $loff = $len;
1526                                 $blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1527                                 $len = length($blk);
1528                                 $line++;
1529                                 last;
1530                         }
1531                         # Bail if there is no further context.
1532                         #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1533                         if ($off >= $len) {
1534                                 last;
1535                         }
1536                         if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1537                                 $level++;
1538                                 $type = '#';
1539                         }
1540                 }
1541                 $p = $c;
1542                 $c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1543                 $remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1544
1545                 #warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1546
1547                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1548                 if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1549                         push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1550                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1551                         ($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1552                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1553                         ($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1554                 }
1555
1556                 # Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1557                 # outermost level.
1558                 if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1559                         last;
1560                 }
1561
1562                 # An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1563                 if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1564                                 (!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1565                                 $remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1566                                 $remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1567                         $coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1568                         $coff_set = 1;
1569                         #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1570                         #warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1571                 }
1572
1573                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1574                         $level++;
1575                         $type = '(';
1576                 }
1577                 if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1578                         $level--;
1579                         $type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1580
1581                         if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1582                                 $coff = $off;
1583                                 $coff_set = 1;
1584                                 #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1585                         }
1586                 }
1587                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1588                         $level++;
1589                         $type = '{';
1590                 }
1591                 if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1592                         $level--;
1593                         $type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1594
1595                         if ($level == 0) {
1596                                 if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1597                                         $off++;
1598                                 }
1599                                 last;
1600                         }
1601                 }
1602                 # Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1603                 if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1604                         $level--;
1605                         $type = '';
1606                         $off++;
1607                         last;
1608                 }
1609                 $off++;
1610         }
1611         # We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1612         if ($off == $len) {
1613                 $loff = $len + 1;
1614                 $line++;
1615                 $remain--;
1616         }
1617
1618         my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1619         my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1620
1621         #warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1622         #warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1623
1624         #print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1625
1626         return ($statement, $condition,
1627                         $line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1628 }
1629
1630 sub statement_lines {
1631         my ($stmt) = @_;
1632
1633         # Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1634         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1635         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1636         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1637
1638         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1639
1640         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1641 }
1642
1643 sub statement_rawlines {
1644         my ($stmt) = @_;
1645
1646         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1647
1648         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1649 }
1650
1651 sub statement_block_size {
1652         my ($stmt) = @_;
1653
1654         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1655         $stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1656         $stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1657         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1658         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1659
1660         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1661         my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1662
1663         my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1664         my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1665
1666         if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1667                 return $stmt_lines;
1668         } else {
1669                 return $stmt_statements;
1670         }
1671 }
1672
1673 sub ctx_statement_full {
1674         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1675         my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1676
1677         my (@chunks);
1678
1679         # Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1680         ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1681                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1682         #print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1683         push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1684         if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1685                 return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1686         }
1687
1688         # Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1689         # could continue the statement.
1690         for (;;) {
1691                 ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1692                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1693                 #print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1694                 last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1695                 #print "C: push\n";
1696                 push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1697         }
1698
1699         return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1700 }
1701
1702 sub ctx_block_get {
1703         my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1704         my $line;
1705         my $start = $linenr - 1;
1706         my $blk = '';
1707         my @o;
1708         my @c;
1709         my @res = ();
1710
1711         my $level = 0;
1712         my @stack = ($level);
1713         for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1714                 next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1715                 $remain--;
1716
1717                 $blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1718
1719                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1720                 if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1721                         push(@stack, $level);
1722                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1723                         $level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1724                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1725                         $level = pop(@stack);
1726                 }
1727
1728                 foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1729                         ##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1730                         if ($off > 0) {
1731                                 $off--;
1732                                 next;
1733                         }
1734
1735                         if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1736                                 $level--;
1737                                 last if ($level == 0);
1738                         } elsif ($c eq $open) {
1739                                 $level++;
1740                         }
1741                 }
1742
1743                 if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1744                         push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1745                 }
1746
1747                 last if ($level == 0);
1748         }
1749
1750         return ($level, @res);
1751 }
1752 sub ctx_block_outer {
1753         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1754
1755         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1756         return @r;
1757 }
1758 sub ctx_block {
1759         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1760
1761         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1762         return @r;
1763 }
1764 sub ctx_statement {
1765         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1766
1767         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1768         return @r;
1769 }
1770 sub ctx_block_level {
1771         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1772
1773         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1774 }
1775 sub ctx_statement_level {
1776         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1777
1778         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1779 }
1780
1781 sub ctx_locate_comment {
1782         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1783
1784         # If c99 comment on the current line, or the line before or after
1785         my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@^\+.*(//.*$)@);
1786         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1787         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 2] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1788         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1789         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1790         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1791
1792         # Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1793         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1794         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1795
1796         # Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1797         # comment.
1798         my $in_comment = 0;
1799         $current_comment = '';
1800         for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1801                 my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1802                 #warn "           $line\n";
1803                 if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1804                         $in_comment = 1;
1805                 }
1806                 if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1807                         $in_comment = 1;
1808                 }
1809                 if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1810                         $current_comment = '';
1811                 }
1812                 $current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1813                 if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1814                         $in_comment = 0;
1815                 }
1816         }
1817
1818         chomp($current_comment);
1819         return($current_comment);
1820 }
1821 sub ctx_has_comment {
1822         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1823         my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1824
1825         ##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1826         ##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1827
1828         return ($cmt ne '');
1829 }
1830
1831 sub raw_line {
1832         my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1833
1834         my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1835         $cnt++;
1836
1837         my $line;
1838         while ($cnt) {
1839                 $line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1840                 next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1841                 $cnt--;
1842         }
1843
1844         return $line;
1845 }
1846
1847 sub get_stat_real {
1848         my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
1849
1850         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
1851         for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
1852                 $stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
1853         }
1854
1855         return $stat_real;
1856 }
1857
1858 sub get_stat_here {
1859         my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
1860
1861         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
1862         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
1863                 $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
1864         }
1865
1866         return $herectx;
1867 }
1868
1869 sub cat_vet {
1870         my ($vet) = @_;
1871         my ($res, $coded);
1872
1873         $res = '';
1874         while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1875                 $res .= $1;
1876                 if ($2 ne '') {
1877                         $coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1878                         $res .= $coded;
1879                 }
1880         }
1881         $res =~ s/$/\$/;
1882
1883         return $res;
1884 }
1885
1886 my $av_preprocessor = 0;
1887 my $av_pending;
1888 my @av_paren_type;
1889 my $av_pend_colon;
1890
1891 sub annotate_reset {
1892         $av_preprocessor = 0;
1893         $av_pending = '_';
1894         @av_paren_type = ('E');
1895         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1896 }
1897
1898 sub annotate_values {
1899         my ($stream, $type) = @_;
1900
1901         my $res;
1902         my $var = '_' x length($stream);
1903         my $cur = $stream;
1904
1905         print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1906
1907         while (length($cur)) {
1908                 @av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
1909                 print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
1910                                 "> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1911                 if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
1912                         print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1913                         if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
1914                                 $type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1915                                 $av_preprocessor = 0;
1916                         }
1917
1918                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
1919                         print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1920                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1921                         $type = 'c';
1922
1923                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
1924                         print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1925                         $type = 'T';
1926
1927                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
1928                         print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1929                         $type = 'T';
1930
1931                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
1932                         print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1933                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1934                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1935                         if ($2 ne '') {
1936                                 $av_pending = 'N';
1937                         }
1938                         $type = 'E';
1939
1940                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
1941                         print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1942                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1943                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1944
1945                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
1946                         print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1947                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1948
1949                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1950                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1951                         $type = 'E';
1952
1953                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
1954                         print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1955                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1956
1957                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
1958
1959                         $type = 'E';
1960
1961                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
1962                         print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1963
1964                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1965
1966                         # Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
1967                         # one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
1968                         pop(@av_paren_type);
1969                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1970                         $type = 'E';
1971
1972                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
1973                         print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1974
1975                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
1976                         print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1977                         $av_pending = $type;
1978                         $type = 'N';
1979
1980                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
1981                         print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1982                         if (defined $2) {
1983                                 $av_pending = 'V';
1984                         }
1985                         $type = 'N';
1986
1987                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
1988                         print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1989                         $av_pending = 'E';
1990                         $type = 'N';
1991
1992                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
1993                         print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1994                         $av_pend_colon = 'C';
1995                         $type = 'N';
1996
1997                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
1998                         print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1999                         $type = 'N';
2000
2001                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
2002                         print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2003                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
2004                         $av_pending = '_';
2005                         $type = 'N';
2006
2007                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
2008                         my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2009                         if ($new_type ne '_') {
2010                                 $type = $new_type;
2011                                 print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
2012                                                         if ($dbg_values > 1);
2013                         } else {
2014                                 print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2015                         }
2016
2017                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
2018                         print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2019                         $type = 'V';
2020                         $av_pending = 'V';
2021
2022                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
2023                         if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
2024                                 $av_pend_colon = 'B';
2025                         } elsif ($type eq 'E') {
2026                                 $av_pend_colon = 'L';
2027                         }
2028                         print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2029                         $type = 'V';
2030
2031                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
2032                         print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2033                         $type = 'V';
2034
2035                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
2036                         print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2037                         $type = 'N';
2038
2039                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
2040                         print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2041                         $type = 'E';
2042                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2043
2044                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
2045                         print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2046                         $type = 'C';
2047
2048                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
2049                         print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2050                         $type = 'N';
2051
2052                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
2053                         print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2054
2055                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
2056                         if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
2057                                 $type = 'E';
2058                         } else {
2059                                 $type = 'N';
2060                         }
2061                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2062
2063                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
2064                         print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2065                         $type = 'N';
2066
2067                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
2068                         my $variant;
2069
2070                         print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2071                         if ($type eq 'V') {
2072                                 $variant = 'B';
2073                         } else {
2074                                 $variant = 'U';
2075                         }
2076
2077                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
2078                         $type = 'N';
2079
2080                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
2081                         print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2082                         if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
2083                                 $type = 'N';
2084                         }
2085
2086                 } elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
2087                         print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2088                 }
2089                 if (defined $1) {
2090                         $cur = substr($cur, length($1));
2091                         $res .= $type x length($1);
2092                 }
2093         }
2094
2095         return ($res, $var);
2096 }
2097
2098 sub possible {
2099         my ($possible, $line) = @_;
2100         my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
2101                 ^(?:
2102                         $Modifier|
2103                         $Storage|
2104                         $Type|
2105                         DEFINE_\S+
2106                 )$|
2107                 ^(?:
2108                         goto|
2109                         return|
2110                         case|
2111                         else|
2112                         asm|__asm__|
2113                         do|
2114                         \#|
2115                         \#\#|
2116                 )(?:\s|$)|
2117                 ^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
2118             )}x;
2119         warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
2120         if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
2121                 # Check for modifiers.
2122                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
2123                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
2124                 if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
2125
2126                 } elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
2127                         $possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
2128                         for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
2129                                 if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
2130                                         warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2131                                         push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
2132                                 }
2133                         }
2134
2135                 } else {
2136                         warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2137                         push(@typeListFile, $possible);
2138                 }
2139                 build_types();
2140         } else {
2141                 warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
2142         }
2143 }
2144
2145 my $prefix = '';
2146
2147 sub show_type {
2148         my ($type) = @_;
2149
2150         $type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
2151
2152         return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
2153
2154         return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
2155 }
2156
2157 sub report {
2158         my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
2159
2160         if (!show_type($type) ||
2161             (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
2162                 return 0;
2163         }
2164         my $output = '';
2165         if ($color) {
2166                 if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
2167                         $output .= RED;
2168                 } elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
2169                         $output .= YELLOW;
2170                 } else {
2171                         $output .= GREEN;
2172                 }
2173         }
2174         $output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
2175         if ($show_types) {
2176                 $output .= BLUE if ($color);
2177                 $output .= "$type:";
2178         }
2179         $output .= RESET if ($color);
2180         $output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
2181
2182         if ($showfile) {
2183                 my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2184                 splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2185                 $output = join("\n", @lines);
2186         }
2187         $output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n" if ($terse);
2188
2189         push(our @report, $output);
2190
2191         return 1;
2192 }
2193
2194 sub report_dump {
2195         our @report;
2196 }
2197
2198 sub fixup_current_range {
2199         my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2200
2201         if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2202                 my $o = $1;
2203                 my $l = $2;
2204                 my $no = $o + $offset;
2205                 my $nl = $l + $length;
2206                 $$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2207         }
2208 }
2209
2210 sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2211         my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2212
2213         my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2214         my $delta_offset = 0;
2215
2216         my $old_linenr = 0;
2217         my $new_linenr = 0;
2218
2219         my $next_insert = 0;
2220         my $next_delete = 0;
2221
2222         my @lines = ();
2223
2224         my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2225         my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2226
2227         foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2228                 my $save_line = 1;
2229                 my $line = $old_line;   #don't modify the array
2230                 if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {      #new filename
2231                         $delta_offset = 0;
2232                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {    #new hunk
2233                         $range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2234                         fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2235                 }
2236
2237                 while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2238                         $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2239                         $save_line = 0;
2240                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2241                 }
2242
2243                 while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2244                         push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2245                         $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2246                         $new_linenr++;
2247                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2248                 }
2249
2250                 if ($save_line) {
2251                         push(@lines, $line);
2252                         $new_linenr++;
2253                 }
2254
2255                 $old_linenr++;
2256         }
2257
2258         return @lines;
2259 }
2260
2261 sub fix_insert_line {
2262         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2263
2264         my $inserted = {
2265                 LINENR => $linenr,
2266                 LINE => $line,
2267         };
2268         push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2269 }
2270
2271 sub fix_delete_line {
2272         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2273
2274         my $deleted = {
2275                 LINENR => $linenr,
2276                 LINE => $line,
2277         };
2278
2279         push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2280 }
2281
2282 sub ERROR {
2283         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2284
2285         if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2286                 our $clean = 0;
2287                 our $cnt_error++;
2288                 return 1;
2289         }
2290         return 0;
2291 }
2292 sub WARN {
2293         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2294
2295         if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2296                 our $clean = 0;
2297                 our $cnt_warn++;
2298                 return 1;
2299         }
2300         return 0;
2301 }
2302 sub CHK {
2303         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2304
2305         if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2306                 our $clean = 0;
2307                 our $cnt_chk++;
2308                 return 1;
2309         }
2310         return 0;
2311 }
2312
2313 sub check_absolute_file {
2314         my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2315         my $file = $absolute;
2316
2317         ##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2318
2319         # See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2320         while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2321                 if (-f "$root/$file") {
2322                         ##print "file<$file>\n";
2323                         last;
2324                 }
2325         }
2326         if (! -f _)  {
2327                 return 0;
2328         }
2329
2330         # It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2331         my $prefix = $absolute;
2332         substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2333
2334         ##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2335         if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2336                 WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2337                      "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2338         }
2339 }
2340
2341 sub trim {
2342         my ($string) = @_;
2343
2344         $string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2345
2346         return $string;
2347 }
2348
2349 sub ltrim {
2350         my ($string) = @_;
2351
2352         $string =~ s/^\s+//;
2353
2354         return $string;
2355 }
2356
2357 sub rtrim {
2358         my ($string) = @_;
2359
2360         $string =~ s/\s+$//;
2361
2362         return $string;
2363 }
2364
2365 sub string_find_replace {
2366         my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2367
2368         $string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2369
2370         return $string;
2371 }
2372
2373 sub tabify {
2374         my ($leading) = @_;
2375
2376         my $source_indent = $tabsize;
2377         my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2378         my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2379
2380         #convert leading spaces to tabs
2381         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2382         #Remove spaces before a tab
2383         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2384
2385         return "$leading";
2386 }
2387
2388 sub pos_last_openparen {
2389         my ($line) = @_;
2390
2391         my $pos = 0;
2392
2393         my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2394         my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2395
2396         my $last_openparen = 0;
2397
2398         if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2399                 return -1;
2400         }
2401
2402         my $len = length($line);
2403
2404         for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2405                 my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2406                 if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2407                         $pos += length($1) - 1;
2408                 } elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2409                         $last_openparen = $pos;
2410                 } elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2411                         last;
2412                 }
2413         }
2414
2415         return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2416 }
2417
2418 sub get_raw_comment {
2419         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
2420         my $comment = '';
2421
2422         for my $i (0 .. (length($line) - 1)) {
2423                 if (substr($line, $i, 1) eq "$;") {
2424                         $comment .= substr($rawline, $i, 1);
2425                 }
2426         }
2427
2428         return $comment;
2429 }
2430
2431 sub process {
2432         my $filename = shift;
2433
2434         my $linenr=0;
2435         my $prevline="";
2436         my $prevrawline="";
2437         my $stashline="";
2438         my $stashrawline="";
2439
2440         my $length;
2441         my $indent;
2442         my $previndent=0;
2443         my $stashindent=0;
2444
2445         our $clean = 1;
2446         my $signoff = 0;
2447         my $author = '';
2448         my $authorsignoff = 0;
2449         my $author_sob = '';
2450         my $is_patch = 0;
2451         my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2452         my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2453         my $in_commit_log = 0;          #Scanning lines before patch
2454         my $has_patch_separator = 0;    #Found a --- line
2455         my $has_commit_log = 0;         #Encountered lines before patch
2456         my $commit_log_lines = 0;       #Number of commit log lines
2457         my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2458         my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2459         my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2460         my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2461         my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2462
2463         my $last_blank_line = 0;
2464         my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2465
2466         our @report = ();
2467         our $cnt_lines = 0;
2468         our $cnt_error = 0;
2469         our $cnt_warn = 0;
2470         our $cnt_chk = 0;
2471
2472         # Trace the real file/line as we go.
2473         my $realfile = '';
2474         my $realline = 0;
2475         my $realcnt = 0;
2476         my $here = '';
2477         my $context_function;           #undef'd unless there's a known function
2478         my $in_comment = 0;
2479         my $comment_edge = 0;
2480         my $first_line = 0;
2481         my $p1_prefix = '';
2482
2483         my $prev_values = 'E';
2484
2485         # suppression flags
2486         my %suppress_ifbraces;
2487         my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2488         my %suppress_export;
2489         my $suppress_statement = 0;
2490
2491         my %signatures = ();
2492
2493         # Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2494         # Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2495         #
2496         my @setup_docs = ();
2497         my $setup_docs = 0;
2498
2499         my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2500
2501         my $checklicenseline = 1;
2502
2503         sanitise_line_reset();
2504         my $line;
2505         foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2506                 $linenr++;
2507                 $line = $rawline;
2508
2509                 push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2510
2511                 if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2512                         $setup_docs = 0;
2513                         if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2514                                 $setup_docs = 1;
2515                         }
2516                         #next;
2517                 }
2518                 if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2519                         $realline=$1-1;
2520                         if (defined $2) {
2521                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2522                         } else {
2523                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2524                         }
2525                         $in_comment = 0;
2526
2527                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2528                         # the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2529                         # edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2530                         # at context start.
2531                         my $edge;
2532                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2533                         for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2534                                 next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2535                                          $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2536                                 $cnt--;
2537                                 #print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2538                                 last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2539                                 if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2540                                     $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2541                                         ($edge) = $1;
2542                                         last;
2543                                 }
2544                         }
2545                         if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2546                                 $in_comment = 1;
2547                         }
2548
2549                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2550                         # is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2551                         # ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2552                         if (!defined $edge &&
2553                             $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2554                         {
2555                                 $in_comment = 1;
2556                         }
2557
2558                         ##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2559                         sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2560
2561                 } elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2562                         # Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2563                         # simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2564                         $line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2565                 }
2566                 push(@lines, $line);
2567
2568                 if ($realcnt > 1) {
2569                         $realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2570                 } else {
2571                         $realcnt = 0;
2572                 }
2573
2574                 #print "==>$rawline\n";
2575                 #print "-->$line\n";
2576
2577                 if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2578                         push(@setup_docs, $line);
2579                 }
2580         }
2581
2582         $prefix = '';
2583
2584         $realcnt = 0;
2585         $linenr = 0;
2586         $fixlinenr = -1;
2587         foreach my $line (@lines) {
2588                 $linenr++;
2589                 $fixlinenr++;
2590                 my $sline = $line;      #copy of $line
2591                 $sline =~ s/$;/ /g;     #with comments as spaces
2592
2593                 my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2594                 my $raw_comment = get_raw_comment($line, $rawline);
2595
2596 # check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2597                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2598                     ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2599                     ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2600                      $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2601                         $is_patch = 1;
2602                 }
2603
2604 #extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2605                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2606                     $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2607                         my $context = $4;
2608                         $is_patch = 1;
2609                         $first_line = $linenr + 1;
2610                         $realline=$1-1;
2611                         if (defined $2) {
2612                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2613                         } else {
2614                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2615                         }
2616                         annotate_reset();
2617                         $prev_values = 'E';
2618
2619                         %suppress_ifbraces = ();
2620                         %suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2621                         %suppress_export = ();
2622                         $suppress_statement = 0;
2623                         if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2624                                 $context_function = $1;
2625                         } else {
2626                                 undef $context_function;
2627                         }
2628                         next;
2629
2630 # track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2631 # new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2632 # blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2633                 } elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2634                         $realline++;
2635                         $realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2636
2637                         # Measure the line length and indent.
2638                         ($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2639
2640                         # Track the previous line.
2641                         ($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2642                         ($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2643                         ($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2644
2645                         #warn "line<$line>\n";
2646
2647                 } elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2648                         $realcnt--;
2649                 }
2650
2651                 my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2652
2653                 $here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2654                 $here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2655
2656                 my $found_file = 0;
2657                 # extract the filename as it passes
2658                 if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2659                         $realfile = $1;
2660                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2661                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2662                         $found_file = 1;
2663                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2664                         $realfile = $1;
2665                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2666                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2667
2668                         $p1_prefix = $1;
2669                         if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2670                             -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2671                                 WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2672                                      "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2673                         }
2674
2675                         if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2676                                 ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2677                                       "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2678                         }
2679                         $found_file = 1;
2680                 }
2681
2682 #make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2683                 if ($showfile) {
2684                         $prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2685                 } elsif ($emacs) {
2686                         if ($file) {
2687                                 $prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2688                         } else {
2689                                 $prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2690                         }
2691                 }
2692
2693                 if ($found_file) {
2694                         if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2695                                 WARN("OBSOLETE",
2696                                      "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2697                         }
2698                         if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2699                                 $check = 1;
2700                         } else {
2701                                 $check = $check_orig;
2702                         }
2703                         $checklicenseline = 1;
2704
2705                         if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2706                                 my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2707
2708                                 $is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2709
2710                                 if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2711                                     ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2712                                         WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2713                                              "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.rst\n");
2714                                 }
2715                         }
2716
2717                         next;
2718                 }
2719
2720                 $here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2721
2722                 my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2723                 my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2724                 my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2725
2726                 $cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2727
2728 # Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2729 # 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2730                 if ($in_commit_log) {
2731                         if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2732                                 $commit_log_lines++;    #could be a $signature
2733                         }
2734                 } elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2735                         WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2736                              "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2737                         $commit_log_lines = 2;  #warn only once
2738                 }
2739
2740 # Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2741                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2742                     (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)@ &&
2743                       $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2744                      $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2745                      $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2746                         ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2747                               "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2748                         $commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2749                 }
2750
2751 # Check for incorrect file permissions
2752                 if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2753                         my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2754                         if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2755                             $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2756                                 ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2757                                       "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2758                         }
2759                 }
2760
2761 # Check the patch for a From:
2762                 if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
2763                         $author = $1;
2764                         my $curline = $linenr;
2765                         while(defined($rawlines[$curline]) && ($rawlines[$curline++] =~ /^[ \t]\s*(.*)/)) {
2766                                 $author .= $1;
2767                         }
2768                         $author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
2769                         $author =~ s/"//g;
2770                         $author = reformat_email($author);
2771                 }
2772
2773 # Check the patch for a signoff:
2774                 if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2775                         $signoff++;
2776                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2777                         if ($author ne ''  && $authorsignoff != 1) {
2778                                 if (same_email_addresses($1, $author)) {
2779                                         $authorsignoff = 1;
2780                                 } else {
2781                                         my $ctx = $1;
2782                                         my ($email_name, $email_comment, $email_address, $comment1) = parse_email($ctx);
2783                                         my ($author_name, $author_comment, $author_address, $comment2) = parse_email($author);
2784
2785                                         if ($email_address eq $author_address && $email_name eq $author_name) {
2786                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
2787                                                 $authorsignoff = 2;
2788                                         } elsif ($email_address eq $author_address) {
2789                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
2790                                                 $authorsignoff = 3;
2791                                         } elsif ($email_name eq $author_name) {
2792                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
2793                                                 $authorsignoff = 4;
2794
2795                                                 my $address1 = $email_address;
2796                                                 my $address2 = $author_address;
2797
2798                                                 if ($address1 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2799                                                         $address1 = "$1$2";
2800                                                 }
2801                                                 if ($address2 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2802                                                         $address2 = "$1$2";
2803                                                 }
2804                                                 if ($address1 eq $address2) {
2805                                                         $authorsignoff = 5;
2806                                                 }
2807                                         }
2808                                 }
2809                         }
2810                 }
2811
2812 # Check for patch separator
2813                 if ($line =~ /^---$/) {
2814                         $has_patch_separator = 1;
2815                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2816                 }
2817
2818 # Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
2819 # emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
2820                 if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
2821                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2822                 }
2823
2824 # Check signature styles
2825                 if (!$in_header_lines &&
2826                     $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
2827                         my $space_before = $1;
2828                         my $sign_off = $2;
2829                         my $space_after = $3;
2830                         my $email = $4;
2831                         my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
2832
2833                         if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
2834                                 my $suggested_signature = find_standard_signature($sign_off);
2835                                 if ($suggested_signature eq "") {
2836                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2837                                              "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
2838                                 } else {
2839                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2840                                                  "Non-standard signature: '$sign_off' - perhaps '$suggested_signature'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
2841                                             $fix) {
2842                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$sign_off/$suggested_signature/;
2843                                         }
2844                                 }
2845                         }
2846                         if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
2847                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2848                                          "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2849                                     $fix) {
2850                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2851                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2852                                 }
2853                         }
2854                         if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
2855                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2856                                          "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
2857                                     $fix) {
2858                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2859                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2860                                 }
2861
2862                         }
2863                         if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
2864                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2865                                          "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2866                                     $fix) {
2867                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2868                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2869                                 }
2870                         }
2871
2872                         my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
2873                         my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment));
2874                         if ($suggested_email eq "") {
2875                                 ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2876                                       "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
2877                         } else {
2878                                 my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
2879                                 $dequoted =~ s/^"//;
2880                                 $dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
2881                                 # Don't force email to have quotes
2882                                 # Allow just an angle bracketed address
2883                                 if (!same_email_addresses($email, $suggested_email)) {
2884                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2885                                                  "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
2886                                             $fix) {
2887                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$suggested_email/;
2888                                         }
2889                                 }
2890
2891                                 # Address part shouldn't have comments
2892                                 my $stripped_address = $email_address;
2893                                 $stripped_address =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g;
2894                                 if ($email_address ne $stripped_address) {
2895                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2896                                                  "address part of email should not have comments: '$email_address'\n" . $herecurr) &&
2897                                             $fix) {
2898                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email_address\E/$stripped_address/;
2899                                         }
2900                                 }
2901
2902                                 # Only one name comment should be allowed
2903                                 my $comment_count = () = $name_comment =~ /\([^\)]+\)/g;
2904                                 if ($comment_count > 1) {
2905                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2906                                              "Use a single name comment in email: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
2907                                 }
2908
2909
2910                                 # stable@vger.kernel.org or stable@kernel.org shouldn't
2911                                 # have an email name. In addition comments should strictly
2912                                 # begin with a #
2913                                 if ($email =~ /^.*stable\@(?:vger\.)?kernel\.org/i) {
2914                                         if (($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^#.+/) ||
2915                                             ($email_name ne "")) {
2916                                                 my $cur_name = $email_name;
2917                                                 my $new_comment = $comment;
2918                                                 $cur_name =~ s/[a-zA-Z\s\-\"]+//g;
2919
2920                                                 # Remove brackets enclosing comment text
2921                                                 # and # from start of comments to get comment text
2922                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/;
2923                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
2924                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^[\s\#]+|\s+$//g;
2925
2926                                                 $new_comment = trim("$new_comment $cur_name") if ($cur_name ne $new_comment);
2927                                                 $new_comment = " # $new_comment" if ($new_comment ne "");
2928                                                 my $new_email = "$email_address$new_comment";
2929
2930                                                 if (WARN("BAD_STABLE_ADDRESS_STYLE",
2931                                                          "Invalid email format for stable: '$email', prefer '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
2932                                                     $fix) {
2933                                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
2934                                                 }
2935                                         }
2936                                 } elsif ($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^(?:#.+|\(.+\))$/) {
2937                                         my $new_comment = $comment;
2938
2939                                         # Extract comment text from within brackets or
2940                                         # c89 style /*...*/ comments
2941                                         $new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
2942                                         $new_comment =~ s/^\/\*(.*)\*\/$/$1/;
2943
2944                                         $new_comment = trim($new_comment);
2945                                         $new_comment =~ s/^[^\w]$//; # Single lettered comment with non word character is usually a typo
2946                                         $new_comment = "($new_comment)" if ($new_comment ne "");
2947                                         my $new_email = format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $new_comment);
2948
2949                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2950                                                  "Unexpected content after email: '$email', should be: '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
2951                                             $fix) {
2952                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
2953                                         }
2954                                 }
2955                         }
2956
2957 # Check for duplicate signatures
2958                         my $sig_nospace = $line;
2959                         $sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
2960                         $sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
2961                         if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
2962                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2963                                      "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
2964                         } else {
2965                                 $signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
2966                         }
2967
2968 # Check Co-developed-by: immediately followed by Signed-off-by: with same name and email
2969                         if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
2970                                 if ($email eq $author) {
2971                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2972                                               "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
2973                                 }
2974                                 if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
2975                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2976                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
2977                                 } elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2978                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2979                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
2980                                 } elsif ($1 ne $email) {
2981                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2982                                              "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match \n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
2983                                 }
2984                         }
2985                 }
2986
2987 # Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
2988                 if ($in_header_lines &&
2989                     $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
2990                         WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
2991                              "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
2992                 }
2993
2994 # Check for Gerrit Change-Ids not in any patch context
2995                 if ($realfile eq '' && !$has_patch_separator && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
2996                         if (ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
2997                                   "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr) &&
2998                             $fix) {
2999                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3000                         }
3001                 }
3002
3003 # Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
3004                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3005                     ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
3006                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
3007                                         # timestamp
3008                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/) ||
3009                      $line =~ /^(?:\s+\w+:\s+[0-9a-fA-F]+){3,3}/ ||
3010                      $line =~ /^\s*\#\d+\s*\[[0-9a-fA-F]+\]\s*\w+ at [0-9a-fA-F]+/) {
3011                                         # stack dump address styles
3012                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
3013                 }
3014
3015 # Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
3016                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
3017                     length($line) > 75 &&
3018                     !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
3019                                         # file delta changes
3020                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-]+\/)++[\w\.\-]+:/ ||
3021                                         # filename then :
3022                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:|$signature_tags)/i ||
3023                                         # A Fixes: or Link: line or signature tag line
3024                       $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
3025                         WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
3026                              "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
3027                         $commit_log_long_line = 1;
3028                 }
3029
3030 # Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
3031                 if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3032                     $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
3033                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
3034                 }
3035
3036 # Check for lines starting with a #
3037                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^#/) {
3038                         if (WARN("COMMIT_COMMENT_SYMBOL",
3039                                  "Commit log lines starting with '#' are dropped by git as comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3040                             $fix) {
3041                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^/ /;
3042                         }
3043                 }
3044
3045 # Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
3046                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3047                     $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink|base-commit):/i &&
3048                     $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
3049                     ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
3050                      ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
3051                       $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
3052                       $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
3053                         my $init_char = "c";
3054                         my $orig_commit = "";
3055                         my $short = 1;
3056                         my $long = 0;
3057                         my $case = 1;
3058                         my $space = 1;
3059                         my $hasdesc = 0;
3060                         my $hasparens = 0;
3061                         my $id = '0123456789ab';
3062                         my $orig_desc = "commit description";
3063                         my $description = "";
3064
3065                         if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
3066                                 $init_char = $1;
3067                                 $orig_commit = lc($2);
3068                         } elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
3069                                 $orig_commit = lc($1);
3070                         }
3071
3072                         $short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
3073                         $long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
3074                         $space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
3075                         $case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
3076                         if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
3077                                 $orig_desc = $1;
3078                                 $hasparens = 1;
3079                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
3080                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
3081                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
3082                                 $orig_desc = $1;
3083                                 $hasparens = 1;
3084                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
3085                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
3086                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
3087                                 $line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
3088                                 $orig_desc = $1;
3089                                 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
3090                                 $orig_desc .= " " . $1;
3091                                 $hasparens = 1;
3092                         }
3093
3094                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
3095                                                               $id, $orig_desc);
3096
3097                         if (defined($id) &&
3098                            ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens)) {
3099                                 ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
3100                                       "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
3101                         }
3102                 }
3103
3104 # Check for added, moved or deleted files
3105                 if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
3106                     ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
3107                      $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
3108                      ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
3109                       (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
3110                         $is_patch = 1;
3111                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3112                         WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
3113                              "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
3114                 }
3115
3116 # Check for adding new DT bindings not in schema format
3117                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
3118                     ($line =~ /^new file mode\s*\d+\s*$/) &&
3119                     ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.*\.txt$@)) {
3120                         WARN("DT_SCHEMA_BINDING_PATCH",
3121                              "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/writing-schema.rst\n");
3122                 }
3123
3124 # Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
3125                 if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
3126                         ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
3127                               "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
3128                                 $herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
3129                 }
3130
3131 # UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
3132                 if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
3133                     $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
3134                         my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
3135
3136                         my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3137                         my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
3138                         my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3139
3140                         CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
3141                             "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
3142                 }
3143
3144 # Check if it's the start of a commit log
3145 # (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
3146                 if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3147                     !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
3148                       $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
3149                         $in_header_lines = 0;
3150                         $in_commit_log = 1;
3151                         $has_commit_log = 1;
3152                 }
3153
3154 # Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
3155 # declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
3156                 if ($in_header_lines &&
3157                     $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
3158                     $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
3159                         $non_utf8_charset = 1;
3160                 }
3161
3162                 if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3163                     $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
3164                         WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
3165                             "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
3166                 }
3167
3168 # Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
3169                 if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
3170                         while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
3171                                 my $file = $1;
3172
3173                                 if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
3174                                     check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
3175                                         #
3176                                 } else {
3177                                         check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
3178                                 }
3179                         }
3180                 }
3181
3182 # Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
3183                 if (defined($misspellings) &&
3184                     ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
3185                         while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
3186                                 my $typo = $1;
3187                                 my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3188                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $-[1]) . "^" x length($typo);
3189                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3190                                 my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
3191                                 $typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
3192                                 $typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
3193                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3194                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3195                                 if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
3196                                                   "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $hereptr) &&
3197                                     $fix) {
3198                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
3199                                 }
3200                         }
3201                 }
3202
3203 # check for invalid commit id
3204                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /(^fixes:|\bcommit)\s+([0-9a-f]{6,40})\b/i) {
3205                         my $id;
3206                         my $description;
3207                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($2, undef, undef);
3208                         if (!defined($id)) {
3209                                 WARN("UNKNOWN_COMMIT_ID",
3210                                      "Unknown commit id '$2', maybe rebased or not pulled?\n" . $herecurr);
3211                         }
3212                 }
3213
3214 # check for repeated words separated by a single space
3215 # avoid false positive from list command eg, '-rw-r--r-- 1 root root'
3216                 if (($rawline =~ /^\+/ || $in_commit_log) &&
3217                     $rawline !~ /[bcCdDlMnpPs\?-][rwxsStT-]{9}/) {
3218                         pos($rawline) = 1 if (!$in_commit_log);
3219                         while ($rawline =~ /\b($word_pattern) (?=($word_pattern))/g) {
3220
3221                                 my $first = $1;
3222                                 my $second = $2;
3223                                 my $start_pos = $-[1];
3224                                 my $end_pos = $+[2];
3225                                 if ($first =~ /(?:struct|union|enum)/) {
3226                                         pos($rawline) += length($first) + length($second) + 1;
3227                                         next;
3228                                 }
3229
3230                                 next if (lc($first) ne lc($second));
3231                                 next if ($first eq 'long');
3232
3233                                 # check for character before and after the word matches
3234                                 my $start_char = '';
3235                                 my $end_char = '';
3236                                 $start_char = substr($rawline, $start_pos - 1, 1) if ($start_pos > ($in_commit_log ? 0 : 1));
3237                                 $end_char = substr($rawline, $end_pos, 1) if ($end_pos < length($rawline));
3238
3239                                 next if ($start_char =~ /^\S$/);
3240                                 next if (index(" \t.,;?!", $end_char) == -1);
3241
3242                                 # avoid repeating hex occurrences like 'ff ff fe 09 ...'
3243                                 if ($first =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{2,}\b/i) {
3244                                         next if (!exists($allow_repeated_words{lc($first)}));
3245                                 }
3246
3247                                 if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3248                                          "Possible repeated word: '$first'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3249                                     $fix) {
3250                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$first $second\b/$first/;
3251                                 }
3252                         }
3253
3254                         # if it's a repeated word on consecutive lines in a comment block
3255                         if ($prevline =~ /$;+\s*$/ &&
3256                             $prevrawline =~ /($word_pattern)\s*$/) {
3257                                 my $last_word = $1;
3258                                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*\*\s*$last_word /) {
3259                                         if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3260                                                  "Possible repeated word: '$last_word'\n" . $hereprev) &&
3261                                             $fix) {
3262                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\+\s*\*\s*)$last_word /$1/;
3263                                         }
3264                                 }
3265                         }
3266                 }
3267
3268 # ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
3269                 next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
3270
3271 #trailing whitespace
3272                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
3273                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3274                         if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
3275                                   "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
3276                             $fix) {
3277                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
3278                         }
3279                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
3280                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3281                         if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
3282                                   "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
3283                             $fix) {
3284                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
3285                         }
3286
3287                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
3288                 }
3289
3290 # Check for FSF mailing addresses.
3291                 if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
3292                     $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
3293                     $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
3294                     $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
3295                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3296                         my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
3297                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3298                         &{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
3299                                       "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
3300                 }
3301
3302 # check for Kconfig help text having a real description
3303 # Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
3304 # sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
3305                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3306                     # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
3307                     # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
3308                     # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
3309                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
3310                         my $length = 0;
3311                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
3312                         my $ln = $linenr + 1;
3313                         my $f;
3314                         my $is_start = 0;
3315                         my $is_end = 0;
3316                         for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
3317                                 $f = $lines[$ln - 1];
3318                                 $cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3319                                 $is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
3320
3321                                 next if ($f =~ /^-/);
3322                                 last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
3323
3324                                 if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
3325                                         $is_start = 1;
3326                                 } elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:---)?help(?:---)?$/) {
3327                                         $length = -1;
3328                                 }
3329
3330                                 $f =~ s/^.//;
3331                                 $f =~ s/#.*//;
3332                                 $f =~ s/^\s+//;
3333                                 next if ($f =~ /^$/);
3334
3335                                 # This only checks context lines in the patch
3336                                 # and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
3337                                 # positives, even though some of these are
3338                                 # common words in help texts
3339                                 if ($f =~ /^\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
3340                                                   if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
3341                                         $is_end = 1;
3342                                         last;
3343                                 }
3344                                 $length++;
3345                         }
3346                         if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
3347                                 WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3348                                      "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
3349                         }
3350                         #print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
3351                 }
3352
3353 # check MAINTAINERS entries
3354                 if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/) {
3355 # check MAINTAINERS entries for the right form
3356                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3357                             $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
3358                                 if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3359                                          "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
3360                                     $fix) {
3361                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
3362                                 }
3363                         }
3364 # check MAINTAINERS entries for the right ordering too
3365                         my $preferred_order = 'MRLSWQBCPTFXNK';
3366                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3367                             $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ][A-Z]:/) {
3368                                 $rawline =~ /^\+([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3369                                 my $cur = $1;
3370                                 my $curval = $2;
3371                                 $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ]([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3372                                 my $prev = $1;
3373                                 my $prevval = $2;
3374                                 my $curindex = index($preferred_order, $cur);
3375                                 my $previndex = index($preferred_order, $prev);
3376                                 if ($curindex < 0) {
3377                                         WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3378                                              "Unknown MAINTAINERS entry type: '$cur'\n" . $herecurr);
3379                                 } else {
3380                                         if ($previndex >= 0 && $curindex < $previndex) {
3381                                                 WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3382                                                      "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list '$cur:' before '$prev:'\n" . $hereprev);
3383                                         } elsif ((($prev eq 'F' && $cur eq 'F') ||
3384                                                   ($prev eq 'X' && $cur eq 'X')) &&
3385                                                  ($prevval cmp $curval) > 0) {
3386                                                 WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3387                                                      "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list file patterns in alphabetic order\n" . $hereprev);
3388                                         }
3389                                 }
3390                         }
3391                 }
3392
3393                 if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
3394                     ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
3395                         my $flag = $1;
3396                         my $replacement = {
3397                                 'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
3398                                 'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
3399                                 'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
3400                                 'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
3401                         };
3402
3403                         WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
3404                              "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
3405                 }
3406
3407 # check for DT compatible documentation
3408                 if (defined $root &&
3409                         (($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
3410                          ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
3411
3412                         my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
3413
3414                         my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
3415                         my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.yaml";
3416
3417                         foreach my $compat (@compats) {
3418                                 my $compat2 = $compat;
3419                                 $compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
3420                                 my $compat3 = $compat;
3421                                 $compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
3422                                 `grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
3423                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3424                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3425                                              "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
3426                                 }
3427
3428                                 next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
3429                                 my $vendor = $1;
3430                                 `grep -Eq "\\"\\^\Q$vendor\E,\\.\\*\\":" $vp_file`;
3431                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3432                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3433                                              "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
3434                                 }
3435                         }
3436                 }
3437
3438 # check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3439                 if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3440                         if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3441                                 $checklicenseline = 2;
3442                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3443                                 my $comment = "";
3444                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3445                                         $comment = '/*';
3446                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3447                                         $comment = '//';
3448                                 } elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc|yaml)$/) {
3449                                         $comment = '#';
3450                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3451                                         $comment = '..';
3452                                 }
3453
3454 # check SPDX comment style for .[chsS] files
3455                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.[chsS]$/ &&
3456                                     $rawline =~ /SPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3457                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\s*\Q$comment\E\s*@) {
3458                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3459                                              "Improper SPDX comment style for '$realfile', please use '$comment' instead\n" . $herecurr);
3460                                 }
3461
3462                                 if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3463                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: @) {
3464                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3465                                              "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3466                                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3467                                         my $spdx_license = $1;
3468                                         if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3469                                                 WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3470                                                      "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3471                                         }
3472                                         if ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/@ &&
3473                                             not $spdx_license =~ /GPL-2\.0.*BSD-2-Clause/) {
3474                                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3475                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3476                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3477
3478                                                                   "DT binding documents should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3479                                                     $fix) {
3480                                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/SPDX-License-Identifier: .*/SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)/;
3481                                                 }
3482                                         }
3483                                 }
3484                         }
3485                 }
3486
3487 # check for embedded filenames
3488                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\Q$realfile\E/) {
3489                         WARN("EMBEDDED_FILENAME",
3490                              "It's generally not useful to have the filename in the file\n" . $herecurr);
3491                 }
3492
3493 # check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3494                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3495
3496 # check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
3497                 if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
3498                     $rawline =~ /\bSPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3499                     substr($line, @-, @+ - @-) eq "$;" x (@+ - @-)) {
3500                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3501                              "Misplaced SPDX-License-Identifier tag - use line $checklicenseline instead\n" . $herecurr);
3502                 }
3503
3504 # line length limit (with some exclusions)
3505 #
3506 # There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3507 #       logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3508 #       lines with a single string
3509 #       #defines that are a single string
3510 #       lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3511 #
3512 # There are 3 different line length message types:
3513 # LONG_LINE_COMMENT     a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3514 # LONG_LINE_STRING      a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3515 # LONG_LINE             all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3516 #
3517 # if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3518 #
3519
3520                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3521                         my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3522
3523                         # Check the allowed long line types first
3524
3525                         # logging functions that end in a string that starts
3526                         # before $max_line_length
3527                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3528                             length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3529                                 $msg_type = "";
3530
3531                         # lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3532                         # #defines with only strings
3533                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3534                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3535                                 $msg_type = "";
3536
3537                         # More special cases
3538                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3539                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3540                                 $msg_type = "";
3541
3542                         # URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3543                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3544                                 $msg_type = "";
3545
3546                         # Otherwise set the alternate message types
3547
3548                         # a comment starts before $max_line_length
3549                         } elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3550                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3551                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3552
3553                         # a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3554                         } elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3555                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3556                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3557                         }
3558
3559                         if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3560                             (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3561                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3562                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3563                                 &{$msg_level}($msg_type,
3564                                               "line length of $length exceeds $max_line_length columns\n" . $herecurr);
3565                         }
3566                 }
3567
3568 # check for adding lines without a newline.
3569                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3570                         if (WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3571                                  "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr) &&
3572                             $fix) {
3573                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr+1, "No newline at end of file");
3574                         }
3575                 }
3576
3577 # check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3578                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3579
3580 # at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3581 # more than $tabsize must use tabs.
3582                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3583                     $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3584                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3585                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
3586                         if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3587                                   "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3588                             $fix) {
3589                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3590                         }
3591                 }
3592
3593 # check for space before tabs.
3594                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3595                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3596                         if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3597                                 "please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3598                             $fix) {
3599                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3600                                            s/(^\+.*) {$tabsize,$tabsize}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3601                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3602                                            s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3603                         }
3604                 }
3605
3606 # check for assignments on the start of a line
3607                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3608                         my $operator = $1;
3609                         if (CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3610                                 "Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3611                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3612                                 # add assignment operator to the previous line, remove from current line
3613                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] .= " $operator";
3614                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3615                         }
3616                 }
3617
3618 # check for && or || at the start of a line
3619                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3620                         my $operator = $1;
3621                         if (CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3622                                 "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3623                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3624                                 # insert logical operator at last non-comment, non-whitepsace char on previous line
3625                                 $prevline =~ /[\s$;]*$/;
3626                                 my $line_end = substr($prevrawline, $-[0]);
3627                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\Q$line_end\E$/ $operator$line_end/;
3628                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3629                         }
3630                 }
3631
3632 # check indentation starts on a tab stop
3633                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3634                     $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3635                         my $indent = length($1);
3636                         if ($indent % $tabsize) {
3637                                 if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3638                                          "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3639                                     $fix) {
3640                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/$tabsize)@e;
3641                                 }
3642                         }
3643                 }
3644
3645 # check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3646                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3647                     $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3648                         $prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3649                         my $oldindent = $1;
3650                         my $rest = $2;
3651
3652                         my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3653                         if ($pos >= 0) {
3654                                 $line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3655                                 my $newindent = $2;
3656
3657                                 my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3658                                         "\t" x ($pos / $tabsize) .
3659                                         " "  x ($pos % $tabsize);
3660                                 my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3661
3662                                 if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3663                                     $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3664
3665                                         if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3666                                                 "Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3667                                             $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3668                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3669                                                     s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3670                                         }
3671                                 }
3672                         }
3673                 }
3674
3675 # check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3676 # avoid checking a few false positives:
3677 #   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3678 #   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3679 #   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3680 #   multiline macros that define functions
3681 #   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3682                 if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3683                     (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3684                         if (CHK("SPACING",
3685                                 "No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3686                             $fix) {
3687                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3688                                     s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3689                         }
3690                 }
3691
3692 # Block comment styles
3693 # Networking with an initial /*
3694                 if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
3695                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
3696                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
3697                     $realline > 3) { # Do not warn about the initial copyright comment block after SPDX-License-Identifier
3698                         WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3699                              "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
3700                 }
3701
3702 # Block comments use * on subsequent lines
3703                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3704                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&             #starting /*
3705                     $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&            #no trailing */
3706                     $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&                        #line is new
3707                     $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {                #no leading *
3708                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3709                              "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
3710                 }
3711
3712 # Block comments use */ on trailing lines
3713                 if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing */
3714                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&      #inline /*...*/
3715                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing **/
3716                     $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {    #non blank */
3717                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3718                              "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
3719                 }
3720
3721 # Block comment * alignment
3722                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3723                     $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&                   #leading comment
3724                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&                #leading *
3725                     (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&           #leading /*
3726                       $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||         #no trailing */
3727                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {          #leading *
3728                         my $oldindent;
3729                         $prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
3730                         if (defined($1)) {
3731                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3732                         } else {
3733                                 $prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
3734                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3735                         }
3736                         $rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
3737                         my $newindent = $1;
3738                         $newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
3739                         if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
3740                                 WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3741                                      "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
3742                         }
3743                 }
3744
3745 # check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
3746 # with exceptions for various attributes and macros
3747                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
3748                     $line =~ /^\+/ &&
3749                     !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
3750                       $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
3751                       $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
3752                       $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
3753                       $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
3754                       $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
3755                       $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
3756                       $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
3757                       $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
3758                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3759                                 "Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3760                             $fix) {
3761                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3762                         }
3763                 }
3764
3765 # check for multiple consecutive blank lines
3766                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
3767                     $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
3768                     $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
3769                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3770                                 "Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
3771                             $fix) {
3772                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3773                         }
3774
3775                         $last_blank_line = $linenr;
3776                 }
3777
3778 # check for missing blank lines after declarations
3779                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+\S/ &&                     #Not at char 1
3780                         # actual declarations
3781                     ($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3782                         # function pointer declarations
3783                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3784                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3785                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3786                         # known declaration macros
3787                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
3788                         # for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
3789                     !($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
3790                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
3791                       $prevline =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
3792                         # not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
3793                       $prevline =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
3794                         # looks like a declaration
3795                     !($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3796                         # function pointer declarations
3797                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3798                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3799                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3800                         # known declaration macros
3801                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
3802                         # start of struct or union or enum
3803                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
3804                         # start or end of block or continuation of declaration
3805                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
3806                         # bitfield continuation
3807                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
3808                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
3809                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/) &&
3810                         # indentation of previous and current line are the same
3811                     (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/)) {
3812                         if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
3813                                  "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3814                             $fix) {
3815                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3816                         }
3817                 }
3818
3819 # check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
3820 # Exceptions:
3821 #  1) within comments
3822 #  2) indented preprocessor commands
3823 #  3) hanging labels
3824                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
3825                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3826                         if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
3827                                  "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
3828                             $fix) {
3829                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3830                         }
3831                 }
3832
3833 # check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
3834                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
3835
3836 # check for unusual line ending [ or (
3837                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
3838                         CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
3839                             "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
3840                 }
3841
3842 # check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
3843                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
3844                     $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
3845                         $context_function = $1;
3846                 }
3847
3848 # check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
3849                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
3850                         undef $context_function;
3851                 }
3852
3853 # check indentation of any line with a bare else
3854 # (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
3855 # if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
3856                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
3857                         my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
3858                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
3859                             ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
3860                              defined $lines[$linenr] &&
3861                              $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
3862                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
3863                                      "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
3864                         }
3865                 }
3866
3867 # check indentation of a line with a break;
3868 # if the previous line is a goto, return or break
3869 # and is indented the same # of tabs
3870                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
3871                         my $tabs = $1;
3872                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(goto|return|break)\b/) {
3873                                 if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
3874                                          "break is not useful after a $1\n" . $hereprev) &&
3875                                     $fix) {
3876                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3877                                 }
3878                         }
3879                 }
3880
3881 # check for RCS/CVS revision markers
3882                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
3883                         WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
3884                              "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
3885                 }
3886
3887 # check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
3888                 if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
3889                         WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
3890                              "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
3891                 }
3892
3893 # Check for potential 'bare' types
3894                 my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
3895                     $realline_next);
3896 #print "LINE<$line>\n";
3897                 if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
3898                     $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
3899                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3900                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3901                         $stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3902                         $cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3903
3904 #print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
3905                         # If this statement has no statement boundaries within
3906                         # it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
3907                         # until we hit end of it.
3908                         my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
3909                         if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
3910 #print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
3911                                 $suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
3912                         }
3913
3914                         # Find the real next line.
3915                         $realline_next = $line_nr_next;
3916                         if (defined $realline_next &&
3917                             (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
3918                              substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
3919                                 $realline_next++;
3920                         }
3921
3922                         my $s = $stat;
3923                         $s =~ s/{.*$//s;
3924
3925                         # Ignore goto labels.
3926                         if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
3927
3928                         # Ignore functions being called
3929                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
3930
3931                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
3932
3933                         # declarations always start with types
3934                         } elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
3935                                 my $type = $1;
3936                                 $type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
3937                                 possible($type, "A:" . $s);
3938
3939                         # definitions in global scope can only start with types
3940                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
3941                                 possible($1, "B:" . $s);
3942                         }
3943
3944                         # any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
3945                         while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
3946                                 possible($1, "C:" . $s);
3947                         }
3948
3949                         # Check for any sort of function declaration.
3950                         # int foo(something bar, other baz);
3951                         # void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
3952                         if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
3953                                 my ($name_len) = length($1);
3954
3955                                 my $ctx = $s;
3956                                 substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
3957                                 $ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
3958
3959                                 for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
3960                                         if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
3961
3962                                                 possible($1, "D:" . $s);
3963                                         }
3964                                 }
3965                         }
3966
3967                 }
3968
3969 #
3970 # Checks which may be anchored in the context.
3971 #
3972
3973 # Check for switch () and associated case and default
3974 # statements should be at the same indent.
3975                 if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
3976                         my $err = '';
3977                         my $sep = '';
3978                         my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
3979                         shift(@ctx);
3980                         for my $ctx (@ctx) {
3981                                 my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
3982                                 if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
3983                                                         $indent != $cindent) {
3984                                         $err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
3985                                         $sep = '';
3986                                 } else {
3987                                         $sep = "[...]\n";
3988                                 }
3989                         }
3990                         if ($err ne '') {
3991                                 ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
3992                                       "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
3993                         }
3994                 }
3995
3996 # if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
3997 # or if that brace on the next line is for something else
3998                 if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
3999                         my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
4000
4001                         my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4002
4003                         if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
4004                                 WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
4005                                      "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
4006                         }
4007
4008                         my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
4009                         my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
4010
4011                         my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
4012                         my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
4013
4014                         while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
4015                                         defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
4016                                         $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
4017                                 ##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4018                                 $ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
4019                                 $ctx_ln++;
4020                         }
4021
4022                         #print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4023                         #print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
4024
4025                         if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
4026                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4027                                       "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
4028                                         "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4029                         }
4030                         if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
4031                             $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
4032                             defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
4033                         {
4034                                 my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
4035                                 if ($nindent > $indent) {
4036                                         WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4037                                              "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
4038                                                 "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4039                                 }
4040                         }
4041                 }
4042
4043 # Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
4044                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
4045                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4046                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4047                                         if (!defined $stat);
4048                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4049
4050                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4051
4052                         # remove inline comments
4053                         $s =~ s/$;/ /g;
4054                         $c =~ s/$;/ /g;
4055
4056                         # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4057                         my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4058                         my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4059
4060                         # Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
4061                         # none on the first line, and are going to readd them
4062                         # where necessary.
4063                         $s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
4064                         while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
4065                                 $cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
4066                         }
4067
4068                         # We want to check the first line inside the block
4069                         # starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
4070                         #  1) any blank line termination
4071                         #  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
4072                         #  3) any do (...) {
4073                         my $continuation = 0;
4074                         my $check = 0;
4075                         $s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
4076                         $s =~ s/^\s*{//;
4077                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
4078                                 $continuation = 1;
4079                         }
4080                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
4081                                 $check = 1;
4082                                 $cond_lines++;
4083                         }
4084
4085                         # Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
4086                         # preprocessor statement.
4087                         if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
4088                             $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
4089                                 $check = 0;
4090                         }
4091
4092                         my $cond_ptr = -1;
4093                         $continuation = 0;
4094                         while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
4095                                 $cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
4096
4097                                 # If we see an #else/#elif then the code
4098                                 # is not linear.
4099                                 if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
4100                                         $check = 0;
4101                                 }
4102
4103                                 # Ignore:
4104                                 #  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
4105                                 #  2) preprocessor lines, and
4106                                 #  3) labels.
4107                                 if ($continuation ||
4108                                     $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
4109                                     $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
4110                                     $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4111                                         $continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
4112                                         if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
4113                                                 $cond_lines++;
4114                                         }
4115                                 }
4116                         }
4117
4118                         my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
4119                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
4120
4121                         # Check if either of these lines are modified, else
4122                         # this is not this patch's fault.
4123                         if (!defined($stat_real) ||
4124                             $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
4125                                 $check = 0;
4126                         }
4127                         if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4128                                 $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4129                         }
4130
4131                         #print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
4132
4133                         if ($check && $s ne '' &&
4134                             (($sindent % $tabsize) != 0 ||
4135                              ($sindent < $indent) ||
4136                              ($sindent == $indent &&
4137                               ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
4138                              ($sindent > $indent + $tabsize))) {
4139                                 WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
4140                                      "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
4141                         }
4142                 }
4143
4144                 # Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
4145                 my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
4146                 my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
4147                                 annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
4148                 $curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
4149                 if ($dbg_values) {
4150                         my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
4151                         print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
4152                         print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
4153                         print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
4154                 }
4155                 $prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
4156
4157 #ignore lines not being added
4158                 next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
4159
4160 # check for self assignments used to avoid compiler warnings
4161 # e.g.: int foo = foo, *bar = NULL;
4162 #       struct foo bar = *(&(bar));
4163                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)\s*=/) {
4164                         my $var = $1;
4165                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?$var\s*=\s*(?:$var|\*\s*\(?\s*&\s*\(?\s*$var\s*\)?\s*\)?)\s*[;,]/) {
4166                                 WARN("SELF_ASSIGNMENT",
4167                                      "Do not use self-assignments to avoid compiler warnings\n" . $herecurr);
4168                         }
4169                 }
4170
4171 # check for dereferences that span multiple lines
4172                 if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
4173                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
4174                         $prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
4175                         my $ref = $1;
4176                         $line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
4177                         $ref .= $1;
4178                         $ref =~ s/\s//g;
4179                         WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
4180                              "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
4181                 }
4182
4183 # check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
4184                 while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
4185                         my $type = $1;
4186                         my $var = $2;
4187                         $var = "" if (!defined $var);
4188                         if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
4189                                 my $sign = $1;
4190                                 my $pointer = $2;
4191
4192                                 $pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
4193
4194                                 if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
4195                                          "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4196                                     $fix) {
4197                                         my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
4198                                         my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
4199                                         $comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
4200                                         $decl .= $comp_pointer;
4201                                         $decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
4202                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
4203                                 }
4204                         }
4205                 }
4206
4207 # TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
4208                 if ($dbg_type) {
4209                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
4210                                 ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
4211                                       "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
4212                         } elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
4213                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
4214                                       "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4215                         }
4216                         next;
4217                 }
4218 # TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
4219                 if ($dbg_attr) {
4220                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
4221                                 ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
4222                                       "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
4223                         } elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
4224                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
4225                                       "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4226                         }
4227                         next;
4228                 }
4229
4230 # check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
4231                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4232                     $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
4233                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4234                                   "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4235                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4236                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4237                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4238                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4239                                 $fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
4240                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4241                                 $fixedline = $line;
4242                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
4243                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4244                         }
4245                 }
4246
4247 #
4248 # Checks which are anchored on the added line.
4249 #
4250
4251 # check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
4252                 if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
4253                         my $path = $1;
4254                         if ($path =~ m{//}) {
4255                                 ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
4256                                       "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
4257                         }
4258                         if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
4259                                 ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
4260                                       "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
4261                         }
4262                 }
4263
4264 # no C99 // comments
4265                 if ($line =~ m{//}) {
4266                         if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
4267                                   "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
4268                             $fix) {
4269                                 my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
4270                                 if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
4271                                         my $comment = trim($1);
4272                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
4273                                 }
4274                         }
4275                 }
4276                 # Remove C99 comments.
4277                 $line =~ s@//.*@@;
4278                 $opline =~ s@//.*@@;
4279
4280 # EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
4281 # the whole statement.
4282 #print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
4283                 if (defined $realline_next &&
4284                     exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
4285                     !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
4286                     ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
4287                      $lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4288                         # Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
4289                         # a prefix:
4290                         #   XXX(foo);
4291                         #   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
4292                         my $name = $1;
4293                         if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
4294                             $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
4295 #print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
4296                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4297
4298                         } elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
4299                                 \n.}\s*$|
4300                                 ^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4301                                 ^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4302                                 ^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
4303                                 ^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
4304                                 \b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
4305                             )/x) {
4306 #print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
4307                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
4308                         } else {
4309                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4310                         }
4311                 }
4312                 if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4313                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
4314                     ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
4315                      $line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4316 #print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
4317                         $suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
4318                 }
4319                 if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4320                     $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
4321                         WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
4322                              "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
4323                 }
4324
4325 # check for global initialisers.
4326                 if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
4327                         if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
4328                                   "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
4329                             $fix) {
4330                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4331                         }
4332                 }
4333 # check for static initialisers.
4334                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
4335                         if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
4336                                   "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
4337                                       $herecurr) &&
4338                             $fix) {
4339                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4340                         }
4341                 }
4342
4343 # check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
4344                 while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
4345                         my $tmp = trim($1);
4346                         WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
4347                              "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
4348                 }
4349
4350 # check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
4351                 while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
4352                         my $type = trim($1);
4353                         next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
4354                         next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
4355                         my $new_type = $type;
4356                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
4357                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
4358                         $new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
4359                         $new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
4360                         $new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
4361                         $new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4362                         $new_type = trim($new_type);
4363                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
4364                                  "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
4365                             $fix) {
4366                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
4367                         }
4368                 }
4369
4370 # check for static const char * arrays.
4371                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
4372                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4373                              "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
4374                                 $herecurr);
4375                 }
4376
4377 # check for initialized const char arrays that should be static const
4378                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*const\s+(char|unsigned\s+char|_*u8|(?:[us]_)?int8_t)\s+\w+\s*\[\s*(?:\w+\s*)?\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4379                         if (WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4380                                  "const array should probably be static const\n" . $herecurr) &&
4381                             $fix) {
4382                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.\s*)const\b/${1}static const/;
4383                         }
4384                 }
4385
4386 # check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
4387                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4388                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4389                              "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
4390                                 $herecurr);
4391                 }
4392
4393 # check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
4394                 if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4395                         my $found = $1;
4396                         if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
4397                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
4398                                      "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
4399                         } elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
4400                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
4401                                      "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
4402                         }
4403                 }
4404
4405 # check for const static or static <non ptr type> const declarations
4406 # prefer 'static const <foo>' over 'const static <foo>' and 'static <foo> const'
4407                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s*const\s+static\s+($Type)\b/ ||
4408                     $sline =~ /^\+\s*static\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4409                         if (WARN("STATIC_CONST",
4410                                  "Move const after static - use 'static const $1'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4411                             $fix) {
4412                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bconst\s+static\b/static const/;
4413                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bstatic\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/static const $1/;
4414                         }
4415                 }
4416
4417 # check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
4418                 if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
4419                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4420                              "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
4421                                 $herecurr);
4422                }
4423
4424 # check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
4425                 if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
4426                         my $array = $1;
4427                         if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
4428                                 my $array_div = $1;
4429                                 if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
4430                                          "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4431                                     $fix) {
4432                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
4433                                 }
4434                         }
4435                 }
4436
4437 # check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
4438                 if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s*$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4439                         if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
4440                                   "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4441                             $fix) {
4442                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
4443                         }
4444                 }
4445
4446 # check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
4447 # make sense.
4448                 if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
4449                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
4450                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
4451                     $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
4452                     $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
4453                         WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
4454                              "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
4455                 }
4456
4457 # * goes on variable not on type
4458                 # (char*[ const])
4459                 while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
4460                         #print "AA<$1>\n";
4461                         my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
4462
4463                         # Should start with a space.
4464                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4465                         # Should not end with a space.
4466                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4467                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4468                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4469                         }
4470
4471 ##                      print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4472                         if ($from ne $to) {
4473                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4474                                           "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4475                                     $fix) {
4476                                         my $sub_from = $ident;
4477                                         my $sub_to = $ident;
4478                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4479                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4480                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4481                                 }
4482                         }
4483                 }
4484                 while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
4485                         #print "BB<$1>\n";
4486                         my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
4487
4488                         # Should start with a space.
4489                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4490                         # Should not end with a space.
4491                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4492                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4493                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4494                         }
4495                         # Modifiers should have spaces.
4496                         $to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
4497
4498 ##                      print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4499                         if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
4500                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4501                                           "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4502                                     $fix) {
4503
4504                                         my $sub_from = $match;
4505                                         my $sub_to = $match;
4506                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4507                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4508                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4509                                 }
4510                         }
4511                 }
4512
4513 # avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
4514                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
4515                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
4516                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
4517                         &{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
4518                                       "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
4519                 }
4520
4521 # avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
4522                 if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
4523                         WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4524                              "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4525                 }
4526
4527 # check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4528                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4529                         WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4530                              "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4531                 }
4532
4533 # printk should use KERN_* levels
4534                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4535                         WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4536                              "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4537                 }
4538
4539 # prefer variants of (subsystem|netdev|dev|pr)_<level> to printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4540                 if ($line =~ /\b(printk(_once|_ratelimited)?)\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4541                         my $printk = $1;
4542                         my $modifier = $2;
4543                         my $orig = $3;
4544                         $modifier = "" if (!defined($modifier));
4545                         my $level = lc($orig);
4546                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4547                         my $level2 = $level;
4548                         $level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4549                         $level .= $modifier;
4550                         $level2 .= $modifier;
4551                         WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4552                              "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to $printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4553                 }
4554
4555 # prefer dev_<level> to dev_printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4556                 if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4557                         my $orig = $1;
4558                         my $level = lc($orig);
4559                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4560                         $level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4561                         WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4562                              "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4563                 }
4564
4565 # trace_printk should not be used in production code.
4566                 if ($line =~ /\b(trace_printk|trace_puts|ftrace_vprintk)\s*\(/) {
4567                         WARN("TRACE_PRINTK",
4568                              "Do not use $1() in production code (this can be ignored if built only with a debug config option)\n" . $herecurr);
4569                 }
4570
4571 # ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4572 # number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4573 # least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4574                 if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4575                         WARN("ENOSYS",
4576                              "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4577                 }
4578
4579 # ENOTSUPP is not a standard error code and should be avoided in new patches.
4580 # Folks usually mean EOPNOTSUPP (also called ENOTSUP), when they type ENOTSUPP.
4581 # Similarly to ENOSYS warning a small number of false positives is expected.
4582                 if (!$file && $line =~ /\bENOTSUPP\b/) {
4583                         if (WARN("ENOTSUPP",
4584                                  "ENOTSUPP is not a SUSV4 error code, prefer EOPNOTSUPP\n" . $herecurr) &&
4585                             $fix) {
4586                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bENOTSUPP\b/EOPNOTSUPP/;
4587                         }
4588                 }
4589
4590 # function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4591 # or if closed on same line
4592                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
4593                     $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4594                     $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4595                     $sline !~ /}/) {
4596                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4597                                   "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4598                             $fix) {
4599                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4600                                 my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4601                                 $fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*)\{(.*)$/;
4602                                 my $line1 = $1;
4603                                 my $line2 = $2;
4604                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4605                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4606                                 if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4607                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4608                                 }
4609                         }
4610                 }
4611
4612 # open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4613                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4614                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4615                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4616                                   "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4617                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4618                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4619                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4620                                 my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4621                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4622                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4623                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4624                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4625                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4626                                 }
4627                         }
4628                 }
4629
4630 # missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4631                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4632                         if (WARN("SPACING",
4633                                  "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4634                             $fix) {
4635                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4636                                     s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4637                         }
4638                 }
4639
4640 # Function pointer declarations
4641 # check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4642 # canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4643                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4644                         my $declare = $1;
4645                         my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4646                         my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4647                         my $funcname = $4;
4648                         my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4649                         my $pre_args_space = $6;
4650
4651 # the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4652 # so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4653 # don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4654                         my $post_declare_space = "";
4655                         if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4656                                 $post_declare_space = $1;
4657                                 $declare = rtrim($declare);
4658                         }
4659                         if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4660                                 WARN("SPACING",
4661                                      "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4662                                 $post_declare_space = " ";
4663                         }
4664
4665 # unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4666 # This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4667 # equivalent to
4668 #       int  foo(int bar, ...)
4669 # and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4670 #
4671 #                       elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4672 #                               WARN("SPACING",
4673 #                                    "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4674 #                       }
4675
4676 # unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4677                         if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4678                             $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4679                                 WARN("SPACING",
4680                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4681                         }
4682
4683 # unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4684                         if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4685                             $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4686                                 WARN("SPACING",
4687                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4688                         }
4689
4690 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
4691                         if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
4692                             $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
4693                                 WARN("SPACING",
4694                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4695                         }
4696
4697 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
4698                         if (defined $pre_args_space &&
4699                             $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
4700                                 WARN("SPACING",
4701                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
4702                         }
4703
4704                         if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
4705                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4706                                     s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
4707                         }
4708                 }
4709
4710 # check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
4711 #  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
4712 #  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
4713 #  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
4714                 while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
4715                         my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
4716                         if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
4717                             ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
4718                             $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
4719                                 if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
4720                                           "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4721                                     $fix) {
4722                                     $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4723                                         s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
4724                                 }
4725                         }
4726                 }
4727
4728 # check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
4729                 while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
4730                         my $name = $1;
4731                         my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
4732                         my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
4733
4734                         # Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
4735                         if ($name =~ /^(?:
4736                                 if|for|while|switch|return|case|
4737                                 volatile|__volatile__|
4738                                 __attribute__|format|__extension__|
4739                                 asm|__asm__)$/x)
4740                         {
4741                         # cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
4742                         # if there is a space between the name and the open
4743                         # parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
4744                         } elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
4745
4746                         # cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
4747                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
4748
4749                         # If this whole things ends with a type its most
4750                         # likely a typedef for a function.
4751                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
4752
4753                         } else {
4754                                 if (WARN("SPACING",
4755                                          "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4756                                              $fix) {
4757                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4758                                             s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
4759                                 }
4760                         }
4761                 }
4762
4763 # Check operator spacing.
4764                 if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
4765                         my $fixed_line = "";
4766                         my $line_fixed = 0;
4767
4768                         my $ops = qr{
4769                                 <<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
4770                                 \+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
4771                                 =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
4772                                 &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
4773                                 \?:|\?|:
4774                         }x;
4775                         my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
4776
4777 ##                      print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
4778 ##                      foreach my $el (@elements) {
4779 ##                              print("el: <$el>\n");
4780 ##                      }
4781
4782                         my @fix_elements = ();
4783                         my $off = 0;
4784
4785                         foreach my $el (@elements) {
4786                                 push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
4787                                 $off += length($el);
4788                         }
4789
4790                         $off = 0;
4791
4792                         my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
4793                         my $last_after = -1;
4794
4795                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
4796
4797                                 my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
4798
4799 ##                              print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
4800
4801                                 $off += length($elements[$n]);
4802
4803                                 # Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
4804                                 my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
4805                                 my $cc = '';
4806                                 if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
4807                                         $cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
4808                                 }
4809                                 my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
4810
4811                                 my $a = '';
4812                                 $a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
4813                                 $a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
4814                                 $a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
4815                                 $a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
4816                                 $a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
4817                                 $a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
4818
4819                                 my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
4820
4821                                 my $c = '';
4822                                 if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
4823                                         $c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
4824                                         $c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
4825                                         $c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
4826                                         $c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
4827                                         $c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
4828                                         $c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
4829                                 } else {
4830                                         $c = 'E';
4831                                 }
4832
4833                                 my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
4834
4835                                 my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
4836
4837                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
4838                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
4839
4840                                 # Pull out the value of this operator.
4841                                 my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
4842
4843                                 # Get the full operator variant.
4844                                 my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
4845
4846                                 # Ignore operators passed as parameters.
4847                                 if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
4848                                     $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
4849
4850 #                               # Ignore comments
4851 #                               } elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
4852
4853                                 # ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
4854                                 } elsif ($op eq ';') {
4855                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
4856                                             $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
4857                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4858                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4859                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4860                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4861                                                 }
4862                                         }
4863
4864                                 # // is a comment
4865                                 } elsif ($op eq '//') {
4866
4867                                 #   :   when part of a bitfield
4868                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
4869                                         # skip the bitfield test for now
4870
4871                                 # No spaces for:
4872                                 #   ->
4873                                 } elsif ($op eq '->') {
4874                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
4875                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4876                                                           "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4877                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4878                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4879                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4880                                                         }
4881                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4882                                                 }
4883                                         }
4884
4885                                 # , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
4886                                 } elsif ($op eq ',') {
4887                                         my $rtrim_before = 0;
4888                                         my $space_after = 0;
4889                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4890                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4891                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4892                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4893                                                         $rtrim_before = 1;
4894                                                 }
4895                                         }
4896                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
4897                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4898                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4899                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4900                                                         $last_after = $n;
4901                                                         $space_after = 1;
4902                                                 }
4903                                         }
4904                                         if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
4905                                                 if ($rtrim_before) {
4906                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4907                                                 } else {
4908                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4909                                                 }
4910                                                 if ($space_after) {
4911                                                         $good .= " ";
4912                                                 }
4913                                         }
4914
4915                                 # '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
4916                                 } elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
4917                                         #warn "'*' is part of type\n";
4918
4919                                 # unary operators should have a space before and
4920                                 # none after.  May be left adjacent to another
4921                                 # unary operator, or a cast
4922                                 } elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
4923                                          $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
4924                                          $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
4925                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
4926                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4927                                                           "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4928                                                         if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
4929                                                                 $good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4930                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4931                                                         }
4932                                                 }
4933                                         }
4934                                         if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
4935                                                 # A unary '*' may be const
4936
4937                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
4938                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4939                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4940                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4941                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4942                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4943                                                         }
4944                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4945                                                 }
4946                                         }
4947
4948                                 # unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
4949                                 } elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
4950                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
4951                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4952                                                           "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4953                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4954                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4955                                                 }
4956                                         }
4957                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
4958                                             ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
4959                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4960                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4961                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4962                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4963                                                 }
4964                                         }
4965                                         if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
4966                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4967                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4968                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4969                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4970                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4971                                                         }
4972                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4973                                                 }
4974                                         }
4975
4976                                 # << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
4977                                 } elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
4978                                          $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
4979                                          $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
4980                                          $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
4981                                          $op eq '%')
4982                                 {
4983                                         if ($check) {
4984                                                 if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
4985                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
4986                                                                 "spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4987                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4988                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4989                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4990                                                         }
4991                                                 } elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
4992                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
4993                                                                 "space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4994                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4995                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4996                                                         }
4997                                                 }
4998                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
4999                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5000                                                           "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5001                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5002                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5003                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5004                                                         }
5005                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5006                                                 }
5007                                         }
5008
5009                                 # A colon needs no spaces before when it is
5010                                 # terminating a case value or a label.
5011                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
5012                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
5013                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5014                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5015                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5016                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5017                                                 }
5018                                         }
5019
5020                                 # All the others need spaces both sides.
5021                                 } elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
5022                                         my $ok = 0;
5023
5024                                         # Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
5025                                         if (($op eq '<' &&
5026                                              $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
5027                                             ($op eq '>' &&
5028                                              $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
5029                                         {
5030                                                 $ok = 1;
5031                                         }
5032
5033                                         # for asm volatile statements
5034                                         # ignore a colon with another
5035                                         # colon immediately before or after
5036                                         if (($op eq ':') &&
5037                                             ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
5038                                                 $ok = 1;
5039                                         }
5040
5041                                         # messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
5042                                         if ($ok == 0) {
5043                                                 my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
5044                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
5045
5046                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
5047                                                                   "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5048                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5049                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5050                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5051                                                         }
5052                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5053                                                 }
5054                                         }
5055                                 }
5056                                 $off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
5057
5058 ##                              print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
5059
5060                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
5061                         }
5062
5063                         if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
5064                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
5065                         }
5066
5067                         if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
5068                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
5069                         }
5070
5071
5072                 }
5073
5074 # check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
5075                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
5076                         if (WARN("SPACING",
5077                                  "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5078                             $fix) {
5079                                 1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5080                                     s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
5081                         }
5082                 }
5083
5084 # check for multiple assignments
5085                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
5086                         CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
5087                             "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5088                 }
5089
5090 ## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
5091 ## # continuation.
5092 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
5093 ##                  $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
5094 ##
5095 ##                      # Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
5096 ##                      # falsely report the parameters of functions.
5097 ##                      my $ln = $line;
5098 ##                      while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
5099 ##                      }
5100 ##                      if ($ln =~ /,/) {
5101 ##                              WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
5102 ##                                   "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5103 ##                      }
5104 ##              }
5105
5106 #need space before brace following if, while, etc
5107                 if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
5108                     $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
5109                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5110                                   "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5111                             $fix) {
5112                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
5113                         }
5114                 }
5115
5116 ## # check for blank lines before declarations
5117 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
5118 ##                  $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
5119 ##                      WARN("SPACING",
5120 ##                           "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
5121 ##              }
5122 ##
5123
5124 # closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
5125 # on the line
5126                 if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)|\}))\S/) {
5127                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5128                                   "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5129                             $fix) {
5130                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5131                                     s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
5132                         }
5133                 }
5134
5135 # check spacing on square brackets
5136                 if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
5137                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5138                                   "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5139                             $fix) {
5140                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5141                                     s/\[\s+/\[/;
5142                         }
5143                 }
5144                 if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
5145                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5146                                   "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5147                             $fix) {
5148                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5149                                     s/\s+\]/\]/;
5150                         }
5151                 }
5152
5153 # check spacing on parentheses
5154                 if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
5155                     $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
5156                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5157                                   "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5158                             $fix) {
5159                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5160                                     s/\(\s+/\(/;
5161                         }
5162                 }
5163                 if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
5164                     $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
5165                     $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
5166                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5167                                   "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5168                             $fix) {
5169                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5170                                     s/\s+\)/\)/;
5171                         }
5172                 }
5173
5174 # check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
5175 # ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
5176
5177                 while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
5178                         my $var = $1;
5179                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5180                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5181                             $fix) {
5182                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
5183                         }
5184                 }
5185
5186 # check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
5187 # ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
5188 # but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
5189                 if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
5190                         my $var = $2;
5191                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5192                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5193                             $fix) {
5194                                 my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
5195                                 $var2 =~ s/\s//g;
5196                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
5197                         }
5198                 }
5199
5200 # check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
5201 # when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
5202                 if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
5203                     $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
5204                     $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
5205                         my $if_stat = $1;
5206                         my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
5207                         my $herectx;
5208                         while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
5209                                 my $match = $1;
5210                                 # avoid parentheses around potential macro args
5211                                 next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
5212                                 if (!defined($herectx)) {
5213                                         $herectx = $here . "\n";
5214                                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
5215                                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5216                                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
5217                                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
5218                                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
5219                                         }
5220                                 }
5221                                 CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5222                                     "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
5223                         }
5224                 }
5225
5226 #goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
5227                 if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
5228                    !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
5229                         if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
5230                                  "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
5231                             $fix) {
5232                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5233                                     s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
5234                         }
5235                 }
5236
5237 # check if a statement with a comma should be two statements like:
5238 #       foo = bar(),    /* comma should be semicolon */
5239 #       bar = baz();
5240                 if (defined($stat) &&
5241                     $stat =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*,\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*;\s*$/) {
5242                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5243                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5244                         WARN("SUSPECT_COMMA_SEMICOLON",
5245                              "Possible comma where semicolon could be used\n" . $herectx);
5246                 }
5247
5248 # return is not a function
5249                 if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
5250                         my $spacing = $1;
5251                         if ($perl_version_ok &&
5252                             $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
5253                                 my $value = $1;
5254                                 $value = deparenthesize($value);
5255                                 if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
5256                                         ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
5257                                               "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
5258                                 }
5259                         } elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
5260                                 ERROR("SPACING",
5261                                       "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
5262                         }
5263                 }
5264
5265 # unnecessary return in a void function
5266 # at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
5267 # and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
5268                 if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
5269                     $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
5270                     $linenr >= 3 &&
5271                     $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
5272                     $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
5273                         WARN("RETURN_VOID",
5274                              "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
5275                }
5276
5277 # if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
5278                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5279                     $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
5280                         my $openparens = $1;
5281                         my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
5282                         my $msg = "";
5283                         if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
5284                                 my $comp = $4;  #Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
5285                                 $msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
5286                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5287                                      "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
5288                         }
5289                 }
5290
5291 # comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
5292 #       avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
5293 #       only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
5294 #       conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
5295                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5296                     $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
5297                         my $lead = $1;
5298                         my $const = $2;
5299                         my $comp = $3;
5300                         my $to = $4;
5301                         my $newcomp = $comp;
5302                         if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
5303                             $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
5304                             WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
5305                                  "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
5306                             $fix) {
5307                                 if ($comp eq "<") {
5308                                         $newcomp = ">";
5309                                 } elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
5310                                         $newcomp = ">=";
5311                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">") {
5312                                         $newcomp = "<";
5313                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
5314                                         $newcomp = "<=";
5315                                 }
5316                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
5317                         }
5318                 }
5319
5320 # Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
5321                 if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
5322                         my $name = $1;
5323                         if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
5324                                 WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
5325                                      "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
5326                         }
5327                 }
5328
5329 # Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
5330                 if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
5331                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5332                                   "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5333                             $fix) {
5334                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5335                                     s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
5336                         }
5337                 }
5338
5339 # Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
5340 # statements after the conditional.
5341                 if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
5342                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
5343                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
5344                                         if (!defined $stat);
5345                         my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
5346                                                 $remain_next, $off_next);
5347                         $stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
5348                         ##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
5349
5350                         if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
5351                                 # If the statement carries leading newlines,
5352                                 # then count those as offsets.
5353                                 my ($whitespace) =
5354                                         ($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5355                                 my $offset =
5356                                         statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5357
5358                                 $suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
5359                                                                 $offset} = 1;
5360                         }
5361                 }
5362                 if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
5363                     defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
5364                     $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
5365                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
5366
5367                         if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
5368                                 if (ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
5369                                           "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr) &&
5370                                     $fix && $perl_version_ok) {
5371                                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+(\s+)if\s*\(\s*(\!)?\s*\(\s*(($Lval)\s*=\s*$LvalOrFunc)\s*\)\s*(?:($Compare)\s*($FuncArg))?\s*\)\s*(\{)?\s*$/) {
5372                                                 my $space = $1;
5373                                                 my $not = $2;
5374                                                 my $statement = $3;
5375                                                 my $assigned = $4;
5376                                                 my $test = $8;
5377                                                 my $against = $9;
5378                                                 my $brace = $15;
5379                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5380                                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "$space$statement;");
5381                                                 my $newline = "${space}if (";
5382                                                 $newline .= '!' if defined($not);
5383                                                 $newline .= '(' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5384                                                 $newline .= "$assigned";
5385                                                 $newline .= " $test $against" if (defined($test) && defined($against));
5386                                                 $newline .= ')' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5387                                                 $newline .= ')';
5388                                                 $newline .= " {" if (defined($brace));
5389                                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, $newline);
5390                                         }
5391                                 }
5392                         }
5393
5394                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5395                         # conditional.
5396                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5397                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5398                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
5399                         if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
5400                             $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
5401                         {
5402                                 # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
5403                                 my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
5404                                 my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
5405                                 my $stat_real = '';
5406
5407                                 $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
5408                                                         . "\n" if ($cond_lines);
5409                                 if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
5410                                         $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
5411                                 }
5412
5413                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5414                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
5415                         }
5416                 }
5417
5418 # Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
5419                 if ($line =~ /
5420                         (?:
5421                                 (?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
5422                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5423                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
5424                         |
5425                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
5426                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5427                                 (?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
5428                         )/x)
5429                 {
5430                         WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
5431                              "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
5432                 }
5433
5434 # if and else should not have general statements after it
5435                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
5436                         my $s = $1;
5437                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
5438                         if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
5439                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5440                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5441                         }
5442                 }
5443 # if should not continue a brace
5444                 if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
5445                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5446                               "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
5447                                 $herecurr);
5448                 }
5449 # case and default should not have general statements after them
5450                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
5451                     $line !~ /\G(?:
5452                         (?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
5453                         \s*return\s+
5454                     )/xg)
5455                 {
5456                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5457                               "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5458                 }
5459
5460                 # Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
5461                 # indent level to be relevant to each other.
5462                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
5463                     $previndent == $indent) {
5464                         if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
5465                                   "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5466                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5467                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5468                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5469                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5470                                 $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
5471                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
5472                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5473                                 }
5474                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
5475                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
5476                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5477                         }
5478                 }
5479
5480                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
5481                     $previndent == $indent) {
5482                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5483
5484                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5485                         # conditional.
5486                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5487                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5488
5489                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
5490                                 if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
5491                                           "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5492                                     $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5493                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5494                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5495                                         my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5496                                         my $trailing = $rawline;
5497                                         $trailing =~ s/^\+//;
5498                                         $trailing = trim($trailing);
5499                                         $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
5500                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5501                                 }
5502                         }
5503                 }
5504
5505 #Specific variable tests
5506                 while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
5507                         my $var = $1;
5508
5509 #CamelCase
5510                         if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
5511                             $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
5512 #Ignore some autogenerated defines and enum values
5513                             $var !~ /^(?:[A-Z]+_){1,5}[A-Z]{1,3}[a-z]/ &&
5514 #Ignore Page<foo> variants
5515                             $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
5516 #Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB
5517 #(ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show, RANGE_mA_VALUE)
5518                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z0-9_]*|[A-Z0-9_]*)?_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z0-9_]+|_[A-Z0-9_]+)?$/ &&
5519 #Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
5520                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
5521                                 while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
5522                                         my $word = $1;
5523                                         next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
5524                                         if ($check) {
5525                                                 seed_camelcase_includes();
5526                                                 if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
5527                                                         seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
5528                                                         $camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
5529                                                 }
5530                                         }
5531                                         if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
5532                                                 $camelcase{$word} = 1;
5533                                                 CHK("CAMELCASE",
5534                                                     "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
5535                                         }
5536                                 }
5537                         }
5538                 }
5539
5540 #no spaces allowed after \ in define
5541                 if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
5542                         if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
5543                                  "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
5544                             $fix) {
5545                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
5546                         }
5547                 }
5548
5549 # warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
5550 # itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
5551                 if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
5552                         my $file = "$1.h";
5553                         my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
5554                         if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
5555                             $realfile ne $checkfile &&
5556                             $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
5557                         {
5558                                 my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
5559                                 if ($asminclude > 0) {
5560                                         if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
5561                                                 CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
5562                                                     "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5563                                         } else {
5564                                                 WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5565                                                      "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5566                                         }
5567                                 }
5568                         }
5569                 }
5570
5571 # multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5572 # first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5573 # in a known good container
5574                 if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5575                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5576                         my $ln = $linenr;
5577                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5578                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5579                         my $ctx = '';
5580                         my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5581                         my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5582                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5583                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5584                         $ctx = $dstat;
5585                         #print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5586                         #print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5587
5588                         $has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5589                         $has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5590
5591                         $dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5592                         my $define_args = $1;
5593                         my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5594                         my @def_args = ();
5595
5596                         if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5597                                 $define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5598                                 $define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5599                                 $define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5600                                 @def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5601                         }
5602
5603                         $dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5604                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5605                         $dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5606                         $dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5607
5608                         # Flatten any parentheses and braces
5609                         while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1u/ ||
5610                                $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1u/ ||
5611                                $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1u/)
5612                         {
5613                         }
5614
5615                         # Flatten any obvious string concatenation.
5616                         while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5617                                $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5618                         {
5619                         }
5620
5621                         # Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5622                         $dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5623
5624                         my $exceptions = qr{
5625                                 $Declare|
5626                                 module_param_named|
5627                                 MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5628                                 DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5629                                 DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5630                                 __typeof__\(|
5631                                 union|
5632                                 struct|
5633                                 \.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5634                                 ^\"|\"$|
5635                                 ^\[
5636                         }x;
5637                         #print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5638
5639                         $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5640                         my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5641                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5642
5643                         if ($dstat ne '' &&
5644                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&                    # 10, // foo(),
5645                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&                    # foo();
5646                             $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&          # 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5647                             $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&                  # character constants
5648                             $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5649                             $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&                                # .foo =
5650                             $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&          # stringification #foo
5651                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&       # do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5652                             $dstat !~ /^while\s*$Constant\s*$Constant\s*$/ &&           # while (...) {...}
5653                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&                            # for (...)
5654                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&   # for (...) bar()
5655                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&                                      # do {...
5656                             $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&                                                # ({...
5657                             $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5658                         {
5659                                 if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5660                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5661                                               "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5662                                 } elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5663                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5664                                               "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5665                                 } else {
5666                                         ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
5667                                               "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
5668                                 }
5669
5670                         }
5671
5672                         # Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
5673                         my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
5674                         my $first = 1;
5675                         $define_stmt = "";
5676                         foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
5677                                 $l =~ s/\\$//;
5678                                 if ($first) {
5679                                         $define_stmt = $l;
5680                                         $first = 0;
5681                                 } elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
5682                                         $define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
5683                                 }
5684                         }
5685                         $define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
5686                         $define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
5687                         $define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
5688
5689 # check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
5690                         foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
5691                                 next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
5692                                 next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
5693                                 my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
5694                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(sizeof|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
5695                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
5696                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
5697                                 my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
5698                                 if ($use_cnt > 1) {
5699                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
5700                                             "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
5701                                     }
5702 # check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
5703                                 if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
5704                                     ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
5705                                      (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
5706                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
5707                                             "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
5708                                 }
5709                         }
5710
5711 # check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
5712 # ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
5713                         if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
5714                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5715                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5716
5717                                 WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
5718                                      "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
5719                         }
5720
5721 # check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
5722
5723                 } else {
5724                         if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
5725                             $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&         # preprocessor
5726                             $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&   # asm
5727                             $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
5728                                 WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5729                                      "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
5730                         }
5731                 }
5732
5733 # do {} while (0) macro tests:
5734 # single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
5735 # macro should not end with a semicolon
5736                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5737                     $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5738                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
5739                         my $ln = $linenr;
5740                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5741                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5742                         my $ctx = '';
5743                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5744                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5745                         $ctx = $dstat;
5746
5747                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5748                         $dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
5749
5750                         if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
5751                                 my $stmts = $2;
5752                                 my $semis = $3;
5753
5754                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5755                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5756                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5757
5758                                 if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
5759                                     $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
5760                                         WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
5761                                              "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
5762                                 }
5763                                 if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
5764                                         WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5765                                              "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
5766                                 }
5767                         } elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
5768                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5769                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5770                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5771
5772                                 WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5773                                      "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
5774                         }
5775                 }
5776
5777 # check for redundant bracing round if etc
5778                 if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
5779                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5780                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
5781                         #print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
5782                         #print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
5783                         if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
5784                                 my @allowed = ();
5785                                 my $allow = 0;
5786                                 my $seen = 0;
5787                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
5788                                 my $ln = $linenr - 1;
5789                                 for my $chunk (@chunks) {
5790                                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
5791
5792                                         # If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
5793                                         my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5794                                         my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5795
5796                                         $allowed[$allow] = 0;
5797                                         #print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
5798
5799                                         # We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
5800                                         $suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
5801
5802                                         $herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
5803                                         $ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
5804
5805                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5806
5807                                         $seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
5808
5809                                         #print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
5810                                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5811                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5812                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
5813                                         }
5814                                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5815                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5816                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
5817                                         }
5818                                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5819                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5820                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
5821                                         }
5822                                         $allow++;
5823                                 }
5824                                 if ($seen) {
5825                                         my $sum_allowed = 0;
5826                                         foreach (@allowed) {
5827                                                 $sum_allowed += $_;
5828                                         }
5829                                         if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
5830                                                 WARN("BRACES",
5831                                                      "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5832                                         } elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
5833                                                  $seen != $allow) {
5834                                                 CHK("BRACES",
5835                                                     "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5836                                         }
5837                                 }
5838                         }
5839                 }
5840                 if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
5841                                         $line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
5842                         my $allowed = 0;
5843
5844                         # Check the pre-context.
5845                         if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
5846                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
5847                                 $allowed = 1;
5848                         }
5849
5850                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5851                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
5852
5853                         # Check the condition.
5854                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
5855                         #print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
5856                         if (defined $cond) {
5857                                 substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5858                         }
5859                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5860                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5861                                 $allowed = 1;
5862                         }
5863                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5864                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5865                                 $allowed = 1;
5866                         }
5867                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5868                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5869                                 $allowed = 1;
5870                         }
5871                         # Check the post-context.
5872                         if (defined $chunks[1]) {
5873                                 my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
5874                                 if (defined $cond) {
5875                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5876                                 }
5877                                 if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
5878                                         #print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
5879                                         $allowed = 1;
5880                                 }
5881                         }
5882                         if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
5883                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
5884                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5885
5886                                 WARN("BRACES",
5887                                      "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
5888                         }
5889                 }
5890
5891 # check for single line unbalanced braces
5892                 if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
5893                     $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
5894                         CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
5895                 }
5896
5897 # check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
5898                 if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
5899                         if (CHK("BRACES",
5900                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5901                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
5902                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5903                         }
5904                 }
5905                 if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
5906                         if (CHK("BRACES",
5907                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5908                             $fix) {
5909                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5910                         }
5911                 }
5912
5913 # no volatiles please
5914                 my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
5915                 if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
5916                         WARN("VOLATILE",
5917                              "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
5918                 }
5919
5920 # Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
5921 # to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
5922 # newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
5923 # (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
5924                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
5925                     $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
5926                     $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
5927                         if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
5928                                  "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
5929                                      $fix &&
5930                                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
5931                                      $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
5932                                 my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5933                                 my $comma_close = "";
5934                                 if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
5935                                         $comma_close = $1;
5936                                 }
5937
5938                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5939                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5940                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5941                                 $fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
5942                                 $fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
5943                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
5944                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
5945                                 $fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
5946                                 if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
5947                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5948                                 }
5949                                 $last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
5950                         }
5951                 }
5952
5953 # check for missing a space in a string concatenation
5954                 if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
5955                         WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
5956                              "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
5957                 }
5958
5959 # check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
5960 # This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
5961 # context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
5962 # function declarations
5963                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
5964                     defined($context_function) &&
5965                     get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
5966                     length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
5967                         WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
5968                              "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
5969                 }
5970
5971 # check for spaces before a quoted newline
5972                 if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
5973                         if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
5974                                  "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
5975                             $fix) {
5976                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
5977                         }
5978
5979                 }
5980
5981 # concatenated string without spaces between elements
5982                 if ($line =~ /$String[A-Za-z0-9_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
5983                         if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
5984                                 "Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
5985                             $fix) {
5986                                 while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
5987                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
5988                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
5989                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
5990                                 }
5991                         }
5992                 }
5993
5994 # uncoalesced string fragments
5995                 if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
5996                         if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
5997                                  "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
5998                             $fix) {
5999                                 while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
6000                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6001                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
6002                                 }
6003                         }
6004                 }
6005
6006 # check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
6007                 my $show_L = 1; #don't show the same defect twice
6008                 my $show_Z = 1;
6009                 while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
6010                         my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
6011                         $string =~ s/%%/__/g;
6012                         # check for %L
6013                         if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
6014                                 WARN("PRINTF_L",
6015                                      "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
6016                                 $show_L = 0;
6017                         }
6018                         # check for %Z
6019                         if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
6020                                 WARN("PRINTF_Z",
6021                                      "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
6022                                 $show_Z = 0;
6023                         }
6024                         # check for 0x<decimal>
6025                         if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
6026                                 ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
6027                                       "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
6028                         }
6029                 }
6030
6031 # check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
6032                 if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
6033                         WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6034                              "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
6035                 }
6036
6037 # warn about #if 0
6038                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
6039                         WARN("IF_0",
6040                              "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6041                 }
6042
6043 # warn about #if 1
6044                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
6045                         WARN("IF_1",
6046                              "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6047                 }
6048
6049 # check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
6050                 if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
6051                         my $tested = quotemeta($1);
6052                         my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
6053                         if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
6054                                 my $func = $1;
6055                                 if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
6056                                          "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
6057                                     $fix) {
6058                                         my $do_fix = 1;
6059                                         my $leading_tabs = "";
6060                                         my $new_leading_tabs = "";
6061                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
6062                                                 $leading_tabs = $1;
6063                                         } else {
6064                                                 $do_fix = 0;
6065                                         }
6066                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6067                                                 $new_leading_tabs = $1;
6068                                                 if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
6069                                                         $do_fix = 0;
6070                                                 }
6071                                         } else {
6072                                                 $do_fix = 0;
6073                                         }
6074                                         if ($do_fix) {
6075                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6076                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
6077                                         }
6078                                 }
6079                         }
6080                 }
6081
6082 # check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
6083                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6084                     $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
6085                     (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
6086                     $linenr > 3) {
6087                         my $testval = $2;
6088                         my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
6089
6090                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
6091 #                       print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
6092
6093                         if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*$allocFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6094                             $s !~ /\b__GFP_NOWARN\b/ ) {
6095                                 WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
6096                                      "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
6097                         }
6098                 }
6099
6100 # check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
6101                 if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
6102                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
6103                         my $level = $1;
6104                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
6105                                  "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
6106                             $fix) {
6107                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
6108                         }
6109                 }
6110
6111 # check for logging continuations
6112                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
6113                         WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
6114                              "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
6115                 }
6116
6117 # check for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi] in logging functions
6118                 if (defined $stat &&
6119                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6120                     index($stat, '"') >= 0) {
6121                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6122                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6123                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6124                         pos($stat_real) = index($stat_real, '"');
6125                         while ($stat_real =~ /[^\"%]*(%[\#\d\.\*\-]*(h+)[idux])/g) {
6126                                 my $pspec = $1;
6127                                 my $h = $2;
6128                                 my $lineoff = substr($stat_real, 0, $-[1]) =~ tr@\n@@;
6129                                 if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_MODIFIER",
6130                                          "Integer promotion: Using '$h' in '$pspec' is unnecessary\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n") &&
6131                                     $fix && $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ /^\+/) {
6132                                         my $nspec = $pspec;
6133                                         $nspec =~ s/h//g;
6134                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ s/\Q$pspec\E/$nspec/;
6135                                 }
6136                         }
6137                 }
6138
6139 # check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
6140                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6141                     $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
6142                     $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
6143                         WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
6144                              "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
6145                 }
6146
6147 # check for pointer comparisons to NULL
6148                 if ($perl_version_ok) {
6149                         while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
6150                                 my $val = $1;
6151                                 my $equal = "!";
6152                                 $equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
6153                                 if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
6154                                         "Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
6155                                             $fix) {
6156                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
6157                                 }
6158                         }
6159                 }
6160
6161 # check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
6162                 if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
6163                         my $attr = $1;
6164                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
6165                                 my $ptr = $1;
6166                                 my $var = $2;
6167                                 if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6168                                       ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
6169                                             "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
6170                                      ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6171                                       WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
6172                                            "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
6173                                     $fix) {
6174                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
6175                                 }
6176                         }
6177                 }
6178
6179 # check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
6180                 if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
6181                         my $attr = $1;
6182                         $attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
6183                         my $attr_prefix = $1;
6184                         my $attr_type = $2;
6185                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6186                                   "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
6187                             $fix) {
6188                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6189                                     s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
6190                         }
6191                 }
6192
6193 # check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
6194                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
6195                         my $attr = $1;
6196                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6197                                   "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
6198                             $fix) {
6199                                 my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6200                                     /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
6201                                 $lead = rtrim($1);
6202                                 $lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
6203                                 $lead = "${lead}const ";
6204                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
6205                         }
6206                 }
6207
6208 # check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
6209                 if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
6210                     $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
6211                         if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
6212                                   "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
6213                             $fix) {
6214                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
6215                         }
6216                 }
6217
6218 # don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
6219                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6220                     $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
6221                         my $constant_func = $1;
6222                         my $func = $constant_func;
6223                         $func =~ s/^__constant_//;
6224                         if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
6225                                  "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
6226                             $fix) {
6227                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
6228                         }
6229                 }
6230
6231 # prefer usleep_range over udelay
6232                 if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
6233                         my $delay = $1;
6234                         # ignore udelay's < 10, however
6235                         if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
6236                                 CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
6237                                     "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6238                         }
6239                         if ($delay > 2000) {
6240                                 WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
6241                                      "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
6242                         }
6243                 }
6244
6245 # warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
6246                 if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
6247                         if ($1 < 20) {
6248                                 WARN("MSLEEP",
6249                                      "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6250                         }
6251                 }
6252
6253 # check for comparisons of jiffies
6254                 if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
6255                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6256                              "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6257                 }
6258
6259 # check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
6260                 if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6261                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6262                              "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6263                 }
6264
6265 # warn about #ifdefs in C files
6266 #               if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
6267 #                       print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
6268 #                       print "$herecurr";
6269 #                       $clean = 0;
6270 #               }
6271
6272 # warn about spacing in #ifdefs
6273                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
6274                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
6275                                   "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6276                             $fix) {
6277                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6278                                     s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
6279                         }
6280
6281                 }
6282
6283 # check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
6284                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
6285                     $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
6286                         my $which = $1;
6287                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6288                                 CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
6289                                     "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6290                         }
6291                 }
6292 # check for memory barriers without a comment.
6293
6294                 my $barriers = qr{
6295                         mb|
6296                         rmb|
6297                         wmb
6298                 }x;
6299                 my $barrier_stems = qr{
6300                         mb__before_atomic|
6301                         mb__after_atomic|
6302                         store_release|
6303                         load_acquire|
6304                         store_mb|
6305                         (?:$barriers)
6306                 }x;
6307                 my $all_barriers = qr{
6308                         (?:$barriers)|
6309                         smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
6310                         virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
6311                 }x;
6312
6313                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6314                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6315                                 WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6316                                      "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6317                         }
6318                 }
6319
6320                 my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
6321
6322                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
6323                     $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
6324                     $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
6325                     $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6326                         WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6327                              "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
6328                 }
6329
6330 # check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
6331                 if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
6332                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6333                                 WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
6334                                      "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6335                         }
6336                 }
6337
6338 # check for data_race without a comment.
6339                 if ($line =~ /\bdata_race\s*\(/) {
6340                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6341                                 WARN("DATA_RACE",
6342                                      "data_race without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6343                         }
6344                 }
6345
6346 # check of hardware specific defines
6347                 if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
6348                         CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
6349                             "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
6350                 }
6351
6352 # check that the storage class is not after a type
6353                 if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
6354                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6355                              "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
6356                 }
6357 # Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
6358                 if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
6359                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
6360                     $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
6361                     $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
6362                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6363                              "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
6364                 }
6365
6366 # check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
6367 # storage class and type.
6368                 if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
6369                     $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
6370                         ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
6371                               "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
6372                 }
6373
6374 # Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
6375                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6376                     $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
6377                         if (WARN("INLINE",
6378                                  "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6379                             $fix) {
6380                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
6381
6382                         }
6383                 }
6384
6385 # Check for compiler attributes
6386                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6387                     $rawline =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*($balanced_parens)\s*\)/) {
6388                         my $attr = $1;
6389                         $attr =~ s/\s*\(\s*(.*)\)\s*/$1/;
6390
6391                         my %attr_list = (
6392                                 "alias"                         => "__alias",
6393                                 "aligned"                       => "__aligned",
6394                                 "always_inline"                 => "__always_inline",
6395                                 "assume_aligned"                => "__assume_aligned",
6396                                 "cold"                          => "__cold",
6397                                 "const"                         => "__attribute_const__",
6398                                 "copy"                          => "__copy",
6399                                 "designated_init"               => "__designated_init",
6400                                 "externally_visible"            => "__visible",
6401                                 "format"                        => "printf|scanf",
6402                                 "gnu_inline"                    => "__gnu_inline",
6403                                 "malloc"                        => "__malloc",
6404                                 "mode"                          => "__mode",
6405                                 "no_caller_saved_registers"     => "__no_caller_saved_registers",
6406                                 "noclone"                       => "__noclone",
6407                                 "noinline"                      => "noinline",
6408                                 "nonstring"                     => "__nonstring",
6409                                 "noreturn"                      => "__noreturn",
6410                                 "packed"                        => "__packed",
6411                                 "pure"                          => "__pure",
6412                                 "section"                       => "__section",
6413                                 "used"                          => "__used",
6414                                 "weak"                          => "__weak"
6415                         );
6416
6417                         while ($attr =~ /\s*(\w+)\s*(${balanced_parens})?/g) {
6418                                 my $orig_attr = $1;
6419                                 my $params = '';
6420                                 $params = $2 if defined($2);
6421                                 my $curr_attr = $orig_attr;
6422                                 $curr_attr =~ s/^[\s_]+|[\s_]+$//g;
6423                                 if (exists($attr_list{$curr_attr})) {
6424                                         my $new = $attr_list{$curr_attr};
6425                                         if ($curr_attr eq "format" && $params) {
6426                                                 $params =~ /^\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(.*)/;
6427                                                 $new = "__$1\($2";
6428                                         } else {
6429                                                 $new = "$new$params";
6430                                         }
6431                                         if (WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6432                                                  "Prefer $new over __attribute__(($orig_attr$params))\n" . $herecurr) &&
6433                                             $fix) {
6434                                                 my $remove = "\Q$orig_attr\E" . '\s*' . "\Q$params\E" . '(?:\s*,\s*)?';
6435                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$remove//;
6436                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__/$new __attribute__/;
6437                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\}\Q$new\E/} $new/;
6438                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/ __attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*\)\s*\)//;
6439                                         }
6440                                 }
6441                         }
6442
6443                         # Check for __attribute__ unused, prefer __always_unused or __maybe_unused
6444                         if ($attr =~ /^_*unused/) {
6445                                 WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6446                                      "__always_unused or __maybe_unused is preferred over __attribute__((__unused__))\n" . $herecurr);
6447                         }
6448                 }
6449
6450 # Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
6451                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6452                     $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
6453                     ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
6454                      $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
6455                         ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
6456                               "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
6457                 }
6458
6459 # check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
6460                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6461                     $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
6462                     $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
6463                         my $type = $1;
6464                         if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
6465                                 $type = $1;
6466                                 my $kernel_type = 'u';
6467                                 $kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
6468                                 $type =~ /(\d+)/;
6469                                 $kernel_type .= $1;
6470                                 if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
6471                                         "Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6472                                     $fix) {
6473                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
6474                                 }
6475                         }
6476                 }
6477
6478 # check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
6479                 if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
6480                         my $cast = $1;
6481                         my $const = $2;
6482                         if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
6483                                  "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant\n" . $herecurr) &&
6484                             $fix) {
6485                                 my $suffix = "";
6486                                 my $newconst = $const;
6487                                 $newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
6488                                 $suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
6489                                 if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
6490                                         $suffix .= 'LL';
6491                                 } elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
6492                                         $suffix .= 'L';
6493                                 }
6494                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
6495                         }
6496                 }
6497
6498 # check for sizeof(&)
6499                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
6500                         WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
6501                              "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
6502                 }
6503
6504 # check for sizeof without parenthesis
6505                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
6506                         if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
6507                                  "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
6508                             $fix) {
6509                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
6510                         }
6511                 }
6512
6513 # check for struct spinlock declarations
6514                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
6515                         WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
6516                              "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
6517                 }
6518
6519 # check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
6520                 if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6521                         my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6522                         $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6523                         if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
6524                                 if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
6525                                          "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
6526                                     $fix) {
6527                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
6528                                 }
6529                         }
6530                 }
6531
6532 # check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
6533                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6534                     defined $stat &&
6535                     $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
6536                     $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
6537                         my $stat_real;
6538
6539                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6540                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6541                         for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
6542                                 my $specifier;
6543                                 my $extension;
6544                                 my $qualifier;
6545                                 my $bad_specifier = "";
6546                                 my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
6547                                 $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6548
6549                                 while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w)(\w*))/g) {
6550                                         $specifier = $1;
6551                                         $extension = $2;
6552                                         $qualifier = $3;
6553                                         if ($extension !~ /[SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
6554                                             ($extension eq "f" &&
6555                                              defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/)) {
6556                                                 $bad_specifier = $specifier;
6557                                                 last;
6558                                         }
6559                                         if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
6560                                                 if (!defined($stat_real)) {
6561                                                         $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6562                                                 }
6563                                                 WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
6564                                                      "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6565                                         }
6566                                 }
6567                                 if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
6568                                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6569                                         my $ext_type = "Invalid";
6570                                         my $use = "";
6571                                         if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
6572                                                 $use = " - use %pS instead";
6573                                                 $use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
6574                                         }
6575
6576                                         WARN("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
6577                                              "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6578                                 }
6579                         }
6580                 }
6581
6582 # Check for misused memsets
6583                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6584                     defined $stat &&
6585                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6586
6587                         my $ms_addr = $2;
6588                         my $ms_val = $7;
6589                         my $ms_size = $12;
6590
6591                         if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
6592                                 ERROR("MEMSET",
6593                                       "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6594                         } elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
6595                                 WARN("MEMSET",
6596                                      "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6597                         }
6598                 }
6599
6600 # Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
6601 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6602 #                   defined $stat &&
6603 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6604 #                       if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
6605 #                                "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6606 #                           $fix) {
6607 #                               $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
6608 #                       }
6609 #               }
6610
6611 # Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
6612 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6613 #                   defined $stat &&
6614 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6615 #                       WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
6616 #                            "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
6617 #               }
6618
6619 # check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
6620 # check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
6621 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6622 #                   defined $stat &&
6623 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6624 #
6625 #                       my $ms_val = $7;
6626 #
6627 #                       if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6628 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6629 #                                        "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6630 #                                   $fix) {
6631 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6632 #                               }
6633 #                       } elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6634 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6635 #                                        "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6636 #                                   $fix) {
6637 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
6638 #                               }
6639 #                       }
6640 #               }
6641
6642 # strlcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
6643                 if ($line =~ /\bstrlcpy\s*\(/) {
6644                         WARN("STRLCPY",
6645                              "Prefer strscpy over strlcpy - see: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wgfRnXz0W3D37d01q3JFkr_i_uTL=V6A6G1oUZcprmknw\@mail.gmail.com/\n" . $herecurr);
6646                 }
6647
6648 # typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
6649                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6650                     defined $stat &&
6651                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6652                         if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
6653                                 my $call = $1;
6654                                 my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
6655                                 my $arg1 = $3;
6656                                 my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
6657                                 my $arg2 = $8;
6658                                 my $cast;
6659
6660                                 if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
6661                                         $cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
6662                                 } elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
6663                                         $cast = $cast1;
6664                                 } else {
6665                                         $cast = $cast2;
6666                                 }
6667                                 WARN("MINMAX",
6668                                      "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6669                         }
6670                 }
6671
6672 # check usleep_range arguments
6673                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6674                     defined $stat &&
6675                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
6676                         my $min = $1;
6677                         my $max = $7;
6678                         if ($min eq $max) {
6679                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6680                                      "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6681                         } elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
6682                                  $min > $max) {
6683                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6684                                      "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6685                         }
6686                 }
6687
6688 # check for naked sscanf
6689                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6690                     defined $stat &&
6691                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
6692                     ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
6693                      $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
6694                      $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
6695                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6696                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6697                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6698                         WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
6699                              "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6700                 }
6701
6702 # check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
6703                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6704                     defined $stat &&
6705                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
6706                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6707                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6708                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6709                         if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
6710                                 my $format = $6;
6711                                 my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
6712                                 if ($count == 1 &&
6713                                     $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
6714                                         WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
6715                                              "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6716                                 }
6717                         }
6718                 }
6719
6720 # check for new externs in .h files.
6721                 if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
6722                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
6723                         if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6724                                 "extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
6725                             $fix) {
6726                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
6727                         }
6728                 }
6729
6730 # check for new externs in .c files.
6731                 if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6732                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
6733                 {
6734                         my $function_name = $1;
6735                         my $paren_space = $2;
6736
6737                         my $s = $stat;
6738                         if (defined $cond) {
6739                                 substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
6740                         }
6741                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/)
6742                         {
6743                                 WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6744                                      "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6745                         }
6746
6747                         if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
6748                                 WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6749                                      "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
6750                         }
6751
6752                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6753                     $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
6754                 {
6755                         WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6756                              "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6757                 }
6758
6759 # check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
6760                 if (defined $stat &&
6761                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
6762                     $1 ne "void") {
6763                         my $args = trim($1);
6764                         while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
6765                                 my $arg = trim($1);
6766                                 if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
6767                                         WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6768                                              "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
6769                                 }
6770                         }
6771                 }
6772
6773 # check for function definitions
6774                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6775                     defined $stat &&
6776                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
6777                         $context_function = $1;
6778
6779 # check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
6780                         my $ok = 0;
6781                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6782                         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6783                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
6784                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
6785                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
6786                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
6787                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
6788                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
6789                         }
6790                         if (!$ok) {
6791                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
6792                                       "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
6793                         }
6794                 }
6795
6796 # checks for new __setup's
6797                 if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
6798                         my $name = $1;
6799
6800                         if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
6801                                 CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
6802                                     "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
6803                         }
6804                 }
6805
6806 # check for pointless casting of alloc functions
6807                 if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*$allocFunctions\b/) {
6808                         WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
6809                              "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
6810                 }
6811
6812 # alloc style
6813 # p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
6814                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6815                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k|v)[mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
6816                         CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
6817                             "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
6818                 }
6819
6820 # check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
6821                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6822                     defined $stat &&
6823                     $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
6824                         my $oldfunc = $3;
6825                         my $a1 = $4;
6826                         my $a2 = $10;
6827                         my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
6828                         $newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
6829                         my $r1 = $a1;
6830                         my $r2 = $a2;
6831                         if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
6832                                 $r1 = $a2;
6833                                 $r2 = $a1;
6834                         }
6835                         if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
6836                             !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
6837                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6838                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6839
6840                                 if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
6841                                          "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
6842                                     $cnt == 1 &&
6843                                     $fix) {
6844                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
6845                                 }
6846                         }
6847                 }
6848
6849 # check for krealloc arg reuse
6850                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6851                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
6852                     $1 eq $3) {
6853                         WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
6854                              "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
6855                 }
6856
6857 # check for alloc argument mismatch
6858                 if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
6859                         WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
6860                              "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
6861                 }
6862
6863 # check for multiple semicolons
6864                 if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
6865                         if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
6866                                  "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
6867                             $fix) {
6868                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
6869                         }
6870                 }
6871
6872 # check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
6873                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6874                     $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
6875                         my $ull = "";
6876                         $ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
6877                         if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
6878                                 "Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
6879                             $fix) {
6880                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
6881                         }
6882                 }
6883
6884 # check for IS_ENABLED() without CONFIG_<FOO> ($rawline for comments too)
6885                 if ($rawline =~ /\bIS_ENABLED\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)/ && $1 !~ /^${CONFIG_}/) {
6886                         WARN("IS_ENABLED_CONFIG",
6887                              "IS_ENABLED($1) is normally used as IS_ENABLED(${CONFIG_}$1)\n" . $herecurr);
6888                 }
6889
6890 # check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
6891                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(${CONFIG_}[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
6892                         my $config = $1;
6893                         if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
6894                                  "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to ${CONFIG_}<FOO> || ${CONFIG_}<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
6895                             $fix) {
6896                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
6897                         }
6898                 }
6899
6900 # check for /* fallthrough */ like comment, prefer fallthrough;
6901                 my @fallthroughs = (
6902                         'fallthrough',
6903                         '@fallthrough@',
6904                         'lint -fallthrough[ \t]*',
6905                         'intentional(?:ly)?[ \t]*fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)',
6906                         '(?:else,?\s*)?FALL(?:S | |-)?THR(?:OUGH|U|EW)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
6907                         'Fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
6908                         'fall(?:s | |-)?thr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
6909                     );
6910                 if ($raw_comment ne '') {
6911                         foreach my $ft (@fallthroughs) {
6912                                 if ($raw_comment =~ /$ft/) {
6913                                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
6914                                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
6915                                         &{$msg_level}("PREFER_FALLTHROUGH",
6916                                                       "Prefer 'fallthrough;' over fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
6917                                         last;
6918                                 }
6919                         }
6920                 }
6921
6922 # check for switch/default statements without a break;
6923                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6924                     defined $stat &&
6925                     $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
6926                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6927                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6928
6929                         WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
6930                              "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
6931                 }
6932
6933 # check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
6934                 if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
6935                         if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
6936                                  "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
6937                             $fix) {
6938                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
6939                         }
6940                 }
6941
6942 # check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
6943                 while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
6944                         ERROR("DATE_TIME",
6945                               "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
6946                 }
6947
6948 # check for use of yield()
6949                 if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6950                         WARN("YIELD",
6951                              "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
6952                 }
6953
6954 # check for comparisons against true and false
6955                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
6956                         my $lead = $1;
6957                         my $arg = $2;
6958                         my $test = $3;
6959                         my $otype = $4;
6960                         my $trail = $5;
6961                         my $op = "!";
6962
6963                         ($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
6964
6965                         my $type = lc($otype);
6966                         if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
6967                                 if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
6968                                     ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
6969                                         $op = "";
6970                                 }
6971
6972                                 CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
6973                                     "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
6974
6975 ## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
6976 ##                                  "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
6977
6978                         }
6979                 }
6980
6981 # check for semaphores initialized locked
6982                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
6983                         WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
6984                              "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
6985                 }
6986
6987 # recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
6988                 if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
6989                         WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
6990                              "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
6991                 }
6992
6993 # check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
6994                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
6995                         WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
6996                              "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
6997                 }
6998
6999 # check for spin_is_locked(), suggest lockdep instead
7000                 if ($line =~ /\bspin_is_locked\(/) {
7001                         WARN("USE_LOCKDEP",
7002                              "Where possible, use lockdep_assert_held instead of assertions based on spin_is_locked\n" . $herecurr);
7003                 }
7004
7005 # check for deprecated apis
7006                 if ($line =~ /\b($deprecated_apis_search)\b\s*\(/) {
7007                         my $deprecated_api = $1;
7008                         my $new_api = $deprecated_apis{$deprecated_api};
7009                         WARN("DEPRECATED_API",
7010                              "Deprecated use of '$deprecated_api', prefer '$new_api' instead\n" . $herecurr);
7011                 }
7012
7013 # check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
7014 # and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
7015                 if (defined($const_structs) &&
7016                     $line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
7017                     $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
7018                         WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
7019                              "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
7020                 }
7021
7022 # use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
7023 # ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
7024                 if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7025                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7026                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7027                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7028                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7029                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
7030                 {
7031                         WARN("NR_CPUS",
7032                              "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
7033                 }
7034
7035 # Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
7036                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
7037                         ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
7038                               "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
7039                 }
7040
7041 # likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
7042                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7043                     $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
7044                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7045                              "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
7046                 }
7047
7048 # nested likely/unlikely calls
7049                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
7050                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7051                              "nested (un)?likely() calls, $1 already uses unlikely() internally\n" . $herecurr);
7052                 }
7053
7054 # whine mightly about in_atomic
7055                 if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
7056                         if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
7057                                 ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
7058                                       "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
7059                         } elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
7060                                 WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
7061                                      "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
7062                         }
7063                 }
7064
7065 # check for mutex_trylock_recursive usage
7066                 if ($line =~ /mutex_trylock_recursive/) {
7067                         ERROR("LOCKING",
7068                               "recursive locking is bad, do not use this ever.\n" . $herecurr);
7069                 }
7070
7071 # check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
7072                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
7073                     $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
7074                         if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
7075                             $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
7076                             $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
7077                                 ERROR("LOCKDEP",
7078                                       "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
7079                         }
7080                 }
7081
7082                 if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
7083                     $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
7084                         WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7085                              "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
7086                 }
7087
7088 # check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
7089 # and whether or not function naming is typical and if
7090 # DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
7091                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7092                     defined $stat &&
7093                     $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
7094                         my $var = $1;
7095                         my $perms = $2;
7096                         my $show = $3;
7097                         my $store = $4;
7098                         my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
7099                         if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7100                             $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7101                             $octal_perms eq "0644") {
7102                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
7103                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
7104                                     $fix) {
7105                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
7106                                 }
7107                         } elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7108                                  $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7109                                  $octal_perms eq "0444") {
7110                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
7111                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7112                                     $fix) {
7113                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
7114                                 }
7115                         } elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7116                                  $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7117                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7118                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
7119                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7120                                     $fix) {
7121                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
7122                                 }
7123                         } elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
7124                                  $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
7125                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7126                                 my $newshow = "$show";
7127                                 $newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
7128                                 my $newstore = $store;
7129                                 $newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
7130                                 my $rename = "";
7131                                 if ($show ne $newshow) {
7132                                         $rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
7133                                 }
7134                                 if ($store ne $newstore) {
7135                                         $rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
7136                                 }
7137                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
7138                                      "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
7139                         } else {
7140                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
7141                                      "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
7142                         }
7143                 }
7144
7145 # Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
7146 # This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
7147 # o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
7148 #   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
7149 # o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
7150 #   use the default permissions
7151                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7152                     defined $stat &&
7153                     $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
7154                         foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
7155                                 my $func = $entry->[0];
7156                                 my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
7157
7158                                 my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7159                                 $lc = $lc + $linenr;
7160                                 my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7161
7162                                 my $skip_args = "";
7163                                 if ($arg_pos > 1) {
7164                                         $arg_pos--;
7165                                         $skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
7166                                 }
7167                                 my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
7168                                 if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
7169                                         my $val = $1;
7170                                         $val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
7171                                         if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
7172                                             (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
7173                                              ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
7174                                                 ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
7175                                                       "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7176                                         }
7177                                         if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
7178                                                 ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7179                                                       "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7180                                         }
7181                                 }
7182                         }
7183                 }
7184
7185 # check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
7186                 while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
7187                         my $oval = $1;
7188                         my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
7189                         if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
7190                                  "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
7191                             $fix) {
7192                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
7193                         }
7194                 }
7195
7196 # validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
7197                 if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
7198                         my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
7199                         my $valid_licenses = qr{
7200                                                 GPL|
7201                                                 GPL\ v2|
7202                                                 GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
7203                                                 Dual\ BSD/GPL|
7204                                                 Dual\ MIT/GPL|
7205                                                 Dual\ MPL/GPL|
7206                                                 Proprietary
7207                                         }x;
7208                         if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
7209                                 WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7210                                      "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
7211                         }
7212                 }
7213
7214 # check for sysctl duplicate constants
7215                 if ($line =~ /\.extra[12]\s*=\s*&(zero|one|int_max)\b/) {
7216                         WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
7217                                 "duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
7218                 }
7219         }
7220
7221         # If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
7222         # so just keep quiet.
7223         if ($#rawlines == -1) {
7224                 exit(0);
7225         }
7226
7227         # In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
7228         # things that appear to be patches.
7229         if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
7230                 exit(0);
7231         }
7232
7233         # This is not a patch, and we are in 'no-patch' mode so
7234         # just keep quiet.
7235         if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
7236                 exit(0);
7237         }
7238
7239         if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
7240                 ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
7241                       "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
7242         }
7243         if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
7244                 if ($signoff == 0) {
7245                         ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
7246                               "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
7247                 } elsif ($authorsignoff != 1) {
7248                         # authorsignoff values:
7249                         # 0 -> missing sign off
7250                         # 1 -> sign off identical
7251                         # 2 -> names and addresses match, comments mismatch
7252                         # 3 -> addresses match, names different
7253                         # 4 -> names match, addresses different
7254                         # 5 -> names match, addresses excluding subaddress details (refer RFC 5233) match
7255
7256                         my $sob_msg = "'From: $author' != 'Signed-off-by: $author_sob'";
7257
7258                         if ($authorsignoff == 0) {
7259                                 ERROR("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
7260                                       "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
7261                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 2) {
7262                                 CHK("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7263                                     "From:/Signed-off-by: email comments mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7264                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 3) {
7265                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7266                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email name mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7267                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 4) {
7268                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7269                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email address mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7270                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 5) {
7271                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7272                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email subaddress mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7273                         }
7274                 }
7275         }
7276
7277         print report_dump();
7278         if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
7279                 print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
7280                 print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
7281                         (($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
7282                         "$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
7283         }
7284
7285         if ($quiet == 0) {
7286                 # If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
7287                 if (!$clean and !$fix) {
7288                         print << "EOM"
7289
7290 NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
7291       mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
7292 EOM
7293                 }
7294                 # If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
7295                 # then suggest that.
7296                 if ($rpt_cleaners) {
7297                         $rpt_cleaners = 0;
7298                         print << "EOM"
7299
7300 NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
7301       You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
7302 EOM
7303                 }
7304         }
7305
7306         if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
7307             ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
7308              $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
7309                 my $newfile = $filename;
7310                 $newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
7311                 my $linecount = 0;
7312                 my $f;
7313
7314                 @fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
7315
7316                 open($f, '>', $newfile)
7317                     or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
7318                 foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
7319                         $linecount++;
7320                         if ($file) {
7321                                 if ($linecount > 3) {
7322                                         $fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
7323                                         print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7324                                 }
7325                         } else {
7326                                 print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7327                         }
7328                 }
7329                 close($f);
7330
7331                 if (!$quiet) {
7332                         print << "EOM";
7333
7334 Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
7335
7336 Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
7337 Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
7338
7339 This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
7340 No warranties, expressed or implied...
7341 EOM
7342                 }
7343         }
7344
7345         if ($quiet == 0) {
7346                 print "\n";
7347                 if ($clean == 1) {
7348                         print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
7349                 } else {
7350                         print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
7351                 }
7352         }
7353         return $clean;
7354 }