arch/s390/mm/fault.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2 /*
   3  *  S390 version
   4  *    Copyright IBM Corp. 1999
   5  *    Author(s): Hartmut Penner (hp@de.ibm.com)
   6  *               Ulrich Weigand (uweigand@de.ibm.com)
   7  *
   8  *  Derived from "arch/i386/mm/fault.c"
   9  *    Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
  10  */
  11
  12 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
  13 #include <linux/mmu_context.h>
  14 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
  15 #include <linux/signal.h>
  16 #include <linux/sched.h>
  17 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
  18 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
  19 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  20 #include <linux/errno.h>
  21 #include <linux/string.h>
  22 #include <linux/types.h>
  23 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
  24 #include <linux/mman.h>
  25 #include <linux/mm.h>
  26 #include <linux/compat.h>
  27 #include <linux/smp.h>
  28 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
  29 #include <linux/init.h>
  30 #include <linux/console.h>
  31 #include <linux/extable.h>
  32 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
  33 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
  34 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
  35 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
  36 #include <linux/kfence.h>
  37 #include <asm/asm-extable.h>
  38 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
  39 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
  40 #include <asm/fault.h>
  41 #include <asm/diag.h>
  42 #include <asm/gmap.h>
  43 #include <asm/irq.h>
  44 #include <asm/facility.h>
  45 #include <asm/uv.h>
  46 #include "../kernel/entry.h"
  47
  48 enum fault_type {
  49         KERNEL_FAULT,
  50         USER_FAULT,
  51         GMAP_FAULT,
  52 };
  53
  54 static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(have_store_indication);
  55
  56 static int __init fault_init(void)
  57 {
  58         if (test_facility(75))
  59                 static_branch_enable(&have_store_indication);
  60         return 0;
  61 }
  62 early_initcall(fault_init);
  63
  64 /*
  65  * Find out which address space caused the exception.
  66  */
  67 static enum fault_type get_fault_type(struct pt_regs *regs)
  68 {
  69         union teid teid = { .val = regs->int_parm_long };
  70         struct gmap *gmap;
  71
  72         if (likely(teid.as == PSW_BITS_AS_PRIMARY)) {
  73                 if (user_mode(regs))
  74                         return USER_FAULT;
  75                 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PGSTE))
  76                         return KERNEL_FAULT;
  77                 gmap = (struct gmap *)S390_lowcore.gmap;
  78                 if (regs->cr1 == gmap->asce)
  79                         return GMAP_FAULT;
  80                 return KERNEL_FAULT;
  81         }
  82         if (teid.as == PSW_BITS_AS_SECONDARY)
  83                 return USER_FAULT;
  84         /* Access register mode, not used in the kernel */
  85         if (teid.as == PSW_BITS_AS_ACCREG)
  86                 return USER_FAULT;
  87         /* Home space -> access via kernel ASCE */
  88         return KERNEL_FAULT;
  89 }
  90
  91 static unsigned long get_fault_address(struct pt_regs *regs)
  92 {
  93         union teid teid = { .val = regs->int_parm_long };
  94
  95         return teid.addr * PAGE_SIZE;
  96 }
  97
  98 static __always_inline bool fault_is_write(struct pt_regs *regs)
  99 {
 100         union teid teid = { .val = regs->int_parm_long };
 101
 102         if (static_branch_likely(&have_store_indication))
 103                 return teid.fsi == TEID_FSI_STORE;
 104         return false;
 105 }
 106
 107 static void dump_pagetable(unsigned long asce, unsigned long address)
 108 {
 109         unsigned long entry, *table = __va(asce & _ASCE_ORIGIN);
 110
 111         pr_alert("AS:%016lx ", asce);
 112         switch (asce & _ASCE_TYPE_MASK) {
 113         case _ASCE_TYPE_REGION1:
 114                 table += (address & _REGION1_INDEX) >> _REGION1_SHIFT;
 115                 if (get_kernel_nofault(entry, table))
 116                         goto bad;
 117                 pr_cont("R1:%016lx ", entry);
 118                 if (entry & _REGION_ENTRY_INVALID)
 119                         goto out;
 120                 table = __va(entry & _REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN);
 121                 fallthrough;
 122         case _ASCE_TYPE_REGION2:
 123                 table += (address & _REGION2_INDEX) >> _REGION2_SHIFT;
 124                 if (get_kernel_nofault(entry, table))
 125                         goto bad;
 126                 pr_cont("R2:%016lx ", entry);
 127                 if (entry & _REGION_ENTRY_INVALID)
 128                         goto out;
 129                 table = __va(entry & _REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN);
 130                 fallthrough;
 131         case _ASCE_TYPE_REGION3:
 132                 table += (address & _REGION3_INDEX) >> _REGION3_SHIFT;
 133                 if (get_kernel_nofault(entry, table))
 134                         goto bad;
 135                 pr_cont("R3:%016lx ", entry);
 136                 if (entry & (_REGION_ENTRY_INVALID | _REGION3_ENTRY_LARGE))
 137                         goto out;
 138                 table = __va(entry & _REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN);
 139                 fallthrough;
 140         case _ASCE_TYPE_SEGMENT:
 141                 table += (address & _SEGMENT_INDEX) >> _SEGMENT_SHIFT;
 142                 if (get_kernel_nofault(entry, table))
 143                         goto bad;
 144                 pr_cont("S:%016lx ", entry);
 145                 if (entry & (_SEGMENT_ENTRY_INVALID | _SEGMENT_ENTRY_LARGE))
 146                         goto out;
 147                 table = __va(entry & _SEGMENT_ENTRY_ORIGIN);
 148         }
 149         table += (address & _PAGE_INDEX) >> _PAGE_SHIFT;
 150         if (get_kernel_nofault(entry, table))
 151                 goto bad;
 152         pr_cont("P:%016lx ", entry);
 153 out:
 154         pr_cont("\n");
 155         return;
 156 bad:
 157         pr_cont("BAD\n");
 158 }
 159
 160 static void dump_fault_info(struct pt_regs *regs)
 161 {
 162         union teid teid = { .val = regs->int_parm_long };
 163         unsigned long asce;
 164
 165         pr_alert("Failing address: %016lx TEID: %016lx\n",
 166                  get_fault_address(regs), teid.val);
 167         pr_alert("Fault in ");
 168         switch (teid.as) {
 169         case PSW_BITS_AS_HOME:
 170                 pr_cont("home space ");
 171                 break;
 172         case PSW_BITS_AS_SECONDARY:
 173                 pr_cont("secondary space ");
 174                 break;
 175         case PSW_BITS_AS_ACCREG:
 176                 pr_cont("access register ");
 177                 break;
 178         case PSW_BITS_AS_PRIMARY:
 179                 pr_cont("primary space ");
 180                 break;
 181         }
 182         pr_cont("mode while using ");
 183         switch (get_fault_type(regs)) {
 184         case USER_FAULT:
 185                 asce = S390_lowcore.user_asce.val;
 186                 pr_cont("user ");
 187                 break;
 188         case GMAP_FAULT:
 189                 asce = ((struct gmap *)S390_lowcore.gmap)->asce;
 190                 pr_cont("gmap ");
 191                 break;
 192         case KERNEL_FAULT:
 193                 asce = S390_lowcore.kernel_asce.val;
 194                 pr_cont("kernel ");
 195                 break;
 196         default:
 197                 unreachable();
 198         }
 199         pr_cont("ASCE.\n");
 200         dump_pagetable(asce, get_fault_address(regs));
 201 }
 202
 203 int show_unhandled_signals = 1;
 204
 205 void report_user_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, long signr, int is_mm_fault)
 206 {
 207         static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(rs, DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL, DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
 208
 209         if ((task_pid_nr(current) > 1) && !show_unhandled_signals)
 210                 return;
 211         if (!unhandled_signal(current, signr))
 212                 return;
 213         if (!__ratelimit(&rs))
 214                 return;
 215         pr_alert("User process fault: interruption code %04x ilc:%d ",
 216                  regs->int_code & 0xffff, regs->int_code >> 17);
 217         print_vma_addr(KERN_CONT "in ", regs->psw.addr);
 218         pr_cont("\n");
 219         if (is_mm_fault)
 220                 dump_fault_info(regs);
 221         show_regs(regs);
 222 }
 223
 224 static void do_sigsegv(struct pt_regs *regs, int si_code)
 225 {
 226         report_user_fault(regs, SIGSEGV, 1);
 227         force_sig_fault(SIGSEGV, si_code, (void __user *)get_fault_address(regs));
 228 }
 229
 230 static void handle_fault_error_nolock(struct pt_regs *regs, int si_code)
 231 {
 232         enum fault_type fault_type;
 233         unsigned long address;
 234         bool is_write;
 235
 236         if (user_mode(regs)) {
 237                 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!si_code))
 238                         si_code = SEGV_MAPERR;
 239                 return do_sigsegv(regs, si_code);
 240         }
 241         if (fixup_exception(regs))
 242                 return;
 243         fault_type = get_fault_type(regs);
 244         if (fault_type == KERNEL_FAULT) {
 245                 address = get_fault_address(regs);
 246                 is_write = fault_is_write(regs);
 247                 if (kfence_handle_page_fault(address, is_write, regs))
 248                         return;
 249         }
 250         if (fault_type == KERNEL_FAULT)
 251                 pr_alert("Unable to handle kernel pointer dereference in virtual kernel address space\n");
 252         else
 253                 pr_alert("Unable to handle kernel paging request in virtual user address space\n");
 254         dump_fault_info(regs);
 255         die(regs, "Oops");
 256 }
 257
 258 static void handle_fault_error(struct pt_regs *regs, int si_code)
 259 {
 260         struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 261
 262         mmap_read_unlock(mm);
 263         handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, si_code);
 264 }
 265
 266 static void do_sigbus(struct pt_regs *regs)
 267 {
 268         force_sig_fault(SIGBUS, BUS_ADRERR, (void __user *)get_fault_address(regs));
 269 }
 270
 271 /*
 272  * This routine handles page faults.  It determines the address,
 273  * and the problem, and then passes it off to one of the appropriate
 274  * routines.
 275  *
 276  * interruption code (int_code):
 277  *   04       Protection           ->  Write-Protection  (suppression)
 278  *   10       Segment translation  ->  Not present       (nullification)
 279  *   11       Page translation     ->  Not present       (nullification)
 280  *   3b       Region third trans.  ->  Not present       (nullification)
 281  */
 282 static void do_exception(struct pt_regs *regs, int access)
 283 {
 284         struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 285         unsigned long address;
 286         struct mm_struct *mm;
 287         enum fault_type type;
 288         unsigned int flags;
 289         struct gmap *gmap;
 290         vm_fault_t fault;
 291         bool is_write;
 292
 293         /*
 294          * The instruction that caused the program check has
 295          * been nullified. Don't signal single step via SIGTRAP.
 296          */
 297         clear_thread_flag(TIF_PER_TRAP);
 298         if (kprobe_page_fault(regs, 14))
 299                 return;
 300         mm = current->mm;
 301         address = get_fault_address(regs);
 302         is_write = fault_is_write(regs);
 303         type = get_fault_type(regs);
 304         switch (type) {
 305         case KERNEL_FAULT:
 306                 return handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, 0);
 307         case USER_FAULT:
 308         case GMAP_FAULT:
 309                 if (faulthandler_disabled() || !mm)
 310                         return handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, 0);
 311                 break;
 312         }
 313         perf_sw_event(PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS, 1, regs, address);
 314         flags = FAULT_FLAG_DEFAULT;
 315         if (user_mode(regs))
 316                 flags |= FAULT_FLAG_USER;
 317         if (is_write)
 318                 access = VM_WRITE;
 319         if (access == VM_WRITE)
 320                 flags |= FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
 321         if (!(flags & FAULT_FLAG_USER))
 322                 goto lock_mmap;
 323         vma = lock_vma_under_rcu(mm, address);
 324         if (!vma)
 325                 goto lock_mmap;
 326         if (!(vma->vm_flags & access)) {
 327                 vma_end_read(vma);
 328                 goto lock_mmap;
 329         }
 330         fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags | FAULT_FLAG_VMA_LOCK, regs);
 331         if (!(fault & (VM_FAULT_RETRY | VM_FAULT_COMPLETED)))
 332                 vma_end_read(vma);
 333         if (!(fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY)) {
 334                 count_vm_vma_lock_event(VMA_LOCK_SUCCESS);
 335                 if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR))
 336                         goto error;
 337                 return;
 338         }
 339         count_vm_vma_lock_event(VMA_LOCK_RETRY);
 340         if (fault & VM_FAULT_MAJOR)
 341                 flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 342
 343         /* Quick path to respond to signals */
 344         if (fault_signal_pending(fault, regs)) {
 345                 if (!user_mode(regs))
 346                         handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, 0);
 347                 return;
 348         }
 349 lock_mmap:
 350         mmap_read_lock(mm);
 351         gmap = NULL;
 352         if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PGSTE) && type == GMAP_FAULT) {
 353                 gmap = (struct gmap *)S390_lowcore.gmap;
 354                 current->thread.gmap_addr = address;
 355                 current->thread.gmap_write_flag = !!(flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE);
 356                 current->thread.gmap_int_code = regs->int_code & 0xffff;
 357                 address = __gmap_translate(gmap, address);
 358                 if (address == -EFAULT)
 359                         return handle_fault_error(regs, SEGV_MAPERR);
 360                 if (gmap->pfault_enabled)
 361                         flags |= FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT;
 362         }
 363 retry:
 364         vma = find_vma(mm, address);
 365         if (!vma)
 366                 return handle_fault_error(regs, SEGV_MAPERR);
 367         if (unlikely(vma->vm_start > address)) {
 368                 if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSDOWN))
 369                         return handle_fault_error(regs, SEGV_MAPERR);
 370                 vma = expand_stack(mm, address);
 371                 if (!vma)
 372                         return handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, SEGV_MAPERR);
 373         }
 374         if (unlikely(!(vma->vm_flags & access)))
 375                 return handle_fault_error(regs, SEGV_ACCERR);
 376         fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags, regs);
 377         if (fault_signal_pending(fault, regs)) {
 378                 if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)
 379                         mmap_read_unlock(mm);
 380                 if (!user_mode(regs))
 381                         handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, 0);
 382                 return;
 383         }
 384         /* The fault is fully completed (including releasing mmap lock) */
 385         if (fault & VM_FAULT_COMPLETED) {
 386                 if (gmap) {
 387                         mmap_read_lock(mm);
 388                         goto gmap;
 389                 }
 390                 return;
 391         }
 392         if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
 393                 mmap_read_unlock(mm);
 394                 goto error;
 395         }
 396         if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
 397                 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PGSTE) && gmap && (flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)) {
 398                         /*
 399                          * FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT has been set,
 400                          * mmap_lock has not been released
 401                          */
 402                         current->thread.gmap_pfault = 1;
 403                         return handle_fault_error(regs, 0);
 404                 }
 405                 flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT;
 406                 flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 407                 mmap_read_lock(mm);
 408                 goto retry;
 409         }
 410 gmap:
 411         if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PGSTE) && gmap) {
 412                 address =  __gmap_link(gmap, current->thread.gmap_addr,
 413                                        address);
 414                 if (address == -EFAULT)
 415                         return handle_fault_error(regs, SEGV_MAPERR);
 416                 if (address == -ENOMEM) {
 417                         fault = VM_FAULT_OOM;
 418                         mmap_read_unlock(mm);
 419                         goto error;
 420                 }
 421         }
 422         mmap_read_unlock(mm);
 423         return;
 424 error:
 425         if (fault & VM_FAULT_OOM) {
 426                 if (!user_mode(regs))
 427                         handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, 0);
 428                 else
 429                         pagefault_out_of_memory();
 430         } else if (fault & VM_FAULT_SIGSEGV) {
 431                 if (!user_mode(regs))
 432                         handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, 0);
 433                 else
 434                         do_sigsegv(regs, SEGV_MAPERR);
 435         } else if (fault & VM_FAULT_SIGBUS) {
 436                 if (!user_mode(regs))
 437                         handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, 0);
 438                 else
 439                         do_sigbus(regs);
 440         } else {
 441                 BUG();
 442         }
 443 }
 444
 445 void do_protection_exception(struct pt_regs *regs)
 446 {
 447         union teid teid = { .val = regs->int_parm_long };
 448
 449         /*
 450          * Protection exceptions are suppressing, decrement psw address.
 451          * The exception to this rule are aborted transactions, for these
 452          * the PSW already points to the correct location.
 453          */
 454         if (!(regs->int_code & 0x200))
 455                 regs->psw.addr = __rewind_psw(regs->psw, regs->int_code >> 16);
 456         /*
 457          * Check for low-address protection.  This needs to be treated
 458          * as a special case because the translation exception code
 459          * field is not guaranteed to contain valid data in this case.
 460          */
 461         if (unlikely(!teid.b61)) {
 462                 if (user_mode(regs)) {
 463                         /* Low-address protection in user mode: cannot happen */
 464                         die(regs, "Low-address protection");
 465                 }
 466                 /*
 467                  * Low-address protection in kernel mode means
 468                  * NULL pointer write access in kernel mode.
 469                  */
 470                 return handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, 0);
 471         }
 472         if (unlikely(MACHINE_HAS_NX && teid.b56)) {
 473                 regs->int_parm_long = (teid.addr * PAGE_SIZE) | (regs->psw.addr & PAGE_MASK);
 474                 return handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, SEGV_ACCERR);
 475         }
 476         do_exception(regs, VM_WRITE);
 477 }
 478 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_protection_exception);
 479
 480 void do_dat_exception(struct pt_regs *regs)
 481 {
 482         do_exception(regs, VM_ACCESS_FLAGS);
 483 }
 484 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_dat_exception);
 485
 486 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PGSTE)
 487
 488 void do_secure_storage_access(struct pt_regs *regs)
 489 {
 490         union teid teid = { .val = regs->int_parm_long };
 491         unsigned long addr = get_fault_address(regs);
 492         struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 493         struct mm_struct *mm;
 494         struct page *page;
 495         struct gmap *gmap;
 496         int rc;
 497
 498         /*
 499          * Bit 61 indicates if the address is valid, if it is not the
 500          * kernel should be stopped or SIGSEGV should be sent to the
 501          * process. Bit 61 is not reliable without the misc UV feature,
 502          * therefore this needs to be checked too.
 503          */
 504         if (uv_has_feature(BIT_UV_FEAT_MISC) && !teid.b61) {
 505                 /*
 506                  * When this happens, userspace did something that it
 507                  * was not supposed to do, e.g. branching into secure
 508                  * memory. Trigger a segmentation fault.
 509                  */
 510                 if (user_mode(regs)) {
 511                         send_sig(SIGSEGV, current, 0);
 512                         return;
 513                 }
 514                 /*
 515                  * The kernel should never run into this case and
 516                  * there is no way out of this situation.
 517                  */
 518                 panic("Unexpected PGM 0x3d with TEID bit 61=0");
 519         }
 520         switch (get_fault_type(regs)) {
 521         case GMAP_FAULT:
 522                 mm = current->mm;
 523                 gmap = (struct gmap *)S390_lowcore.gmap;
 524                 mmap_read_lock(mm);
 525                 addr = __gmap_translate(gmap, addr);
 526                 mmap_read_unlock(mm);
 527                 if (IS_ERR_VALUE(addr))
 528                         return handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, SEGV_MAPERR);
 529                 fallthrough;
 530         case USER_FAULT:
 531                 mm = current->mm;
 532                 mmap_read_lock(mm);
 533                 vma = find_vma(mm, addr);
 534                 if (!vma)
 535                         return handle_fault_error(regs, SEGV_MAPERR);
 536                 page = follow_page(vma, addr, FOLL_WRITE | FOLL_GET);
 537                 if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(page)) {
 538                         mmap_read_unlock(mm);
 539                         break;
 540                 }
 541                 if (arch_make_page_accessible(page))
 542                         send_sig(SIGSEGV, current, 0);
 543                 put_page(page);
 544                 mmap_read_unlock(mm);
 545                 break;
 546         case KERNEL_FAULT:
 547                 page = phys_to_page(addr);
 548                 if (unlikely(!try_get_page(page)))
 549                         break;
 550                 rc = arch_make_page_accessible(page);
 551                 put_page(page);
 552                 if (rc)
 553                         BUG();
 554                 break;
 555         default:
 556                 unreachable();
 557         }
 558 }
 559 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_secure_storage_access);
 560
 561 void do_non_secure_storage_access(struct pt_regs *regs)
 562 {
 563         struct gmap *gmap = (struct gmap *)S390_lowcore.gmap;
 564         unsigned long gaddr = get_fault_address(regs);
 565
 566         if (WARN_ON_ONCE(get_fault_type(regs) != GMAP_FAULT))
 567                 return handle_fault_error_nolock(regs, SEGV_MAPERR);
 568         if (gmap_convert_to_secure(gmap, gaddr) == -EINVAL)
 569                 send_sig(SIGSEGV, current, 0);
 570 }
 571 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_non_secure_storage_access);
 572
 573 void do_secure_storage_violation(struct pt_regs *regs)
 574 {
 575         struct gmap *gmap = (struct gmap *)S390_lowcore.gmap;
 576         unsigned long gaddr = get_fault_address(regs);
 577
 578         /*
 579          * If the VM has been rebooted, its address space might still contain
 580          * secure pages from the previous boot.
 581          * Clear the page so it can be reused.
 582          */
 583         if (!gmap_destroy_page(gmap, gaddr))
 584                 return;
 585         /*
 586          * Either KVM messed up the secure guest mapping or the same
 587          * page is mapped into multiple secure guests.
 588          *
 589          * This exception is only triggered when a guest 2 is running
 590          * and can therefore never occur in kernel context.
 591          */
 592         pr_warn_ratelimited("Secure storage violation in task: %s, pid %d\n",
 593                             current->comm, current->pid);
 594         send_sig(SIGSEGV, current, 0);
 595 }
 596
 597 #endif /* CONFIG_PGSTE */