2 * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
3 * License. See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this archive
6 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
7 * Copyright (C) 1995 Waldorf Electronics
8 * Copyright (C) 1994, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 01, 02, 03 Ralf Baechle
9 * Copyright (C) 1996 Stoned Elipot
10 * Copyright (C) 1999 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
11 * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007 Maciej W. Rozycki
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/ioport.h>
15 #include <linux/export.h>
16 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
17 #include <linux/memblock.h>
18 #include <linux/initrd.h>
19 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
20 #include <linux/highmem.h>
21 #include <linux/console.h>
22 #include <linux/pfn.h>
23 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
24 #include <linux/kexec.h>
25 #include <linux/sizes.h>
26 #include <linux/device.h>
27 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
28 #include <linux/decompress/generic.h>
29 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
30 #include <linux/of_reserved_mem.h>
31 #include <linux/dmi.h>
33 #include <asm/addrspace.h>
34 #include <asm/bootinfo.h>
36 #include <asm/cache.h>
39 #include <asm/debug.h>
40 #include <asm/dma-coherence.h>
41 #include <asm/sections.h>
42 #include <asm/setup.h>
43 #include <asm/smp-ops.h>
46 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_ELF_APPENDED_DTB
47 const char __section(.appended_dtb) __appended_dtb[0x100000];
48 #endif /* CONFIG_MIPS_ELF_APPENDED_DTB */
50 struct cpuinfo_mips cpu_data[NR_CPUS] __read_mostly;
52 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_data);
55 struct screen_info screen_info;
61 * These are initialized so they are in the .data section
63 unsigned long mips_machtype __read_mostly = MACH_UNKNOWN;
65 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mips_machtype);
67 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
68 char __initdata arcs_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
70 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
71 static const char builtin_cmdline[] __initconst = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
73 static const char builtin_cmdline[] __initconst = "";
77 * mips_io_port_base is the begin of the address space to which x86 style
78 * I/O ports are mapped.
80 unsigned long mips_io_port_base = -1;
81 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mips_io_port_base);
83 static struct resource code_resource = { .name = "Kernel code", };
84 static struct resource data_resource = { .name = "Kernel data", };
85 static struct resource bss_resource = { .name = "Kernel bss", };
87 static void *detect_magic __initdata = detect_memory_region;
89 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_AUTO_PFN_OFFSET
90 unsigned long ARCH_PFN_OFFSET;
91 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ARCH_PFN_OFFSET);
94 void __init detect_memory_region(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t sz_min, phys_addr_t sz_max)
96 void *dm = &detect_magic;
99 for (size = sz_min; size < sz_max; size <<= 1) {
100 if (!memcmp(dm, dm + size, sizeof(detect_magic)))
104 pr_debug("Memory: %lluMB of RAM detected at 0x%llx (min: %lluMB, max: %lluMB)\n",
105 ((unsigned long long) size) / SZ_1M,
106 (unsigned long long) start,
107 ((unsigned long long) sz_min) / SZ_1M,
108 ((unsigned long long) sz_max) / SZ_1M);
110 memblock_add(start, size);
116 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
118 static int __init rd_start_early(char *p)
120 unsigned long start = memparse(p, &p);
123 /* Guess if the sign extension was forgotten by bootloader */
127 initrd_start = start;
131 early_param("rd_start", rd_start_early);
133 static int __init rd_size_early(char *p)
135 initrd_end += memparse(p, &p);
138 early_param("rd_size", rd_size_early);
140 /* it returns the next free pfn after initrd */
141 static unsigned long __init init_initrd(void)
146 * Board specific code or command line parser should have
147 * already set up initrd_start and initrd_end. In these cases
148 * perfom sanity checks and use them if all looks good.
150 if (!initrd_start || initrd_end <= initrd_start)
153 if (initrd_start & ~PAGE_MASK) {
154 pr_err("initrd start must be page aligned\n");
157 if (initrd_start < PAGE_OFFSET) {
158 pr_err("initrd start < PAGE_OFFSET\n");
163 * Sanitize initrd addresses. For example firmware
164 * can't guess if they need to pass them through
165 * 64-bits values if the kernel has been built in pure
166 * 32-bit. We need also to switch from KSEG0 to XKPHYS
167 * addresses now, so the code can now safely use __pa().
169 end = __pa(initrd_end);
170 initrd_end = (unsigned long)__va(end);
171 initrd_start = (unsigned long)__va(__pa(initrd_start));
173 ROOT_DEV = Root_RAM0;
181 /* In some conditions (e.g. big endian bootloader with a little endian
182 kernel), the initrd might appear byte swapped. Try to detect this and
183 byte swap it if needed. */
184 static void __init maybe_bswap_initrd(void)
186 #if defined(CONFIG_CPU_CAVIUM_OCTEON)
189 /* Check for CPIO signature */
190 if (!memcmp((void *)initrd_start, "070701", 6))
193 /* Check for compressed initrd */
194 if (decompress_method((unsigned char *)initrd_start, 8, NULL))
197 /* Try again with a byte swapped header */
198 buf = swab64p((u64 *)initrd_start);
199 if (!memcmp(&buf, "070701", 6) ||
200 decompress_method((unsigned char *)(&buf), 8, NULL)) {
203 pr_info("Byteswapped initrd detected\n");
204 for (i = initrd_start; i < ALIGN(initrd_end, 8); i += 8)
210 static void __init finalize_initrd(void)
212 unsigned long size = initrd_end - initrd_start;
215 printk(KERN_INFO "Initrd not found or empty");
218 if (__pa(initrd_end) > PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn)) {
219 printk(KERN_ERR "Initrd extends beyond end of memory");
223 maybe_bswap_initrd();
225 memblock_reserve(__pa(initrd_start), size);
226 initrd_below_start_ok = 1;
228 pr_info("Initial ramdisk at: 0x%lx (%lu bytes)\n",
232 printk(KERN_CONT " - disabling initrd\n");
237 #else /* !CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
239 static unsigned long __init init_initrd(void)
244 #define finalize_initrd() do {} while (0)
249 * Initialize the bootmem allocator. It also setup initrd related data
252 #if defined(CONFIG_SGI_IP27) || (defined(CONFIG_CPU_LOONGSON64) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA))
254 static void __init bootmem_init(void)
260 #else /* !CONFIG_SGI_IP27 */
262 static void __init bootmem_init(void)
264 struct memblock_region *mem;
265 phys_addr_t ramstart, ramend;
267 ramstart = memblock_start_of_DRAM();
268 ramend = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
271 * Sanity check any INITRD first. We don't take it into account
272 * for bootmem setup initially, rely on the end-of-kernel-code
273 * as our memory range starting point. Once bootmem is inited we
274 * will reserve the area used for the initrd.
278 /* Reserve memory occupied by kernel. */
279 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(&_text),
280 __pa_symbol(&_end) - __pa_symbol(&_text));
282 /* max_low_pfn is not a number of pages but the end pfn of low mem */
284 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_AUTO_PFN_OFFSET
285 ARCH_PFN_OFFSET = PFN_UP(ramstart);
288 * Reserve any memory between the start of RAM and PHYS_OFFSET
290 if (ramstart > PHYS_OFFSET)
291 memblock_reserve(PHYS_OFFSET, ramstart - PHYS_OFFSET);
293 if (PFN_UP(ramstart) > ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) {
294 pr_info("Wasting %lu bytes for tracking %lu unused pages\n",
295 (unsigned long)((PFN_UP(ramstart) - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) * sizeof(struct page)),
296 (unsigned long)(PFN_UP(ramstart) - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET));
300 min_low_pfn = ARCH_PFN_OFFSET;
301 max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(ramend);
302 for_each_memblock(memory, mem) {
303 unsigned long start = memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(mem);
304 unsigned long end = memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(mem);
307 * Skip highmem here so we get an accurate max_low_pfn if low
308 * memory stops short of high memory.
309 * If the region overlaps HIGHMEM_START, end is clipped so
310 * max_pfn excludes the highmem portion.
312 if (memblock_is_nomap(mem))
314 if (start >= PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START))
316 if (end > PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START))
317 end = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
318 if (end > max_low_pfn)
322 if (min_low_pfn >= max_low_pfn)
323 panic("Incorrect memory mapping !!!");
325 if (max_pfn > PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START)) {
326 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
327 highstart_pfn = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
328 highend_pfn = max_pfn;
330 max_low_pfn = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
331 max_pfn = max_low_pfn;
336 * Reserve initrd memory if needed.
341 #endif /* CONFIG_SGI_IP27 */
343 static int usermem __initdata;
345 static int __init early_parse_mem(char *p)
347 phys_addr_t start, size;
350 * If a user specifies memory size, we
351 * blow away any automatically generated
356 memblock_remove(memblock_start_of_DRAM(),
357 memblock_end_of_DRAM() - memblock_start_of_DRAM());
360 size = memparse(p, &p);
362 start = memparse(p + 1, &p);
364 memblock_add(start, size);
368 early_param("mem", early_parse_mem);
370 static int __init early_parse_memmap(char *p)
373 u64 start_at, mem_size;
378 if (!strncmp(p, "exactmap", 8)) {
379 pr_err("\"memmap=exactmap\" invalid on MIPS\n");
384 mem_size = memparse(p, &p);
389 start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
390 memblock_add(start_at, mem_size);
391 } else if (*p == '#') {
392 pr_err("\"memmap=nn#ss\" (force ACPI data) invalid on MIPS\n");
394 } else if (*p == '$') {
395 start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
396 memblock_add(start_at, mem_size);
397 memblock_reserve(start_at, mem_size);
399 pr_err("\"memmap\" invalid format!\n");
409 early_param("memmap", early_parse_memmap);
411 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
412 static unsigned long setup_elfcorehdr, setup_elfcorehdr_size;
413 static int __init early_parse_elfcorehdr(char *p)
415 struct memblock_region *mem;
417 setup_elfcorehdr = memparse(p, &p);
419 for_each_memblock(memory, mem) {
420 unsigned long start = mem->base;
421 unsigned long end = start + mem->size;
422 if (setup_elfcorehdr >= start && setup_elfcorehdr < end) {
424 * Reserve from the elf core header to the end of
425 * the memory segment, that should all be kdump
428 setup_elfcorehdr_size = end - setup_elfcorehdr;
433 * If we don't find it in the memory map, then we shouldn't
434 * have to worry about it, as the new kernel won't use it.
438 early_param("elfcorehdr", early_parse_elfcorehdr);
443 /* 64M alignment for crash kernel regions */
444 #define CRASH_ALIGN SZ_64M
445 #define CRASH_ADDR_MAX SZ_512M
447 static void __init mips_parse_crashkernel(void)
449 unsigned long long total_mem;
450 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
453 total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
454 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
455 &crash_size, &crash_base);
456 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
459 if (crash_base <= 0) {
460 crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(CRASH_ALIGN, CRASH_ADDR_MAX,
461 crash_size, CRASH_ALIGN);
463 pr_warn("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
467 unsigned long long start;
469 start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base, crash_base + crash_size,
471 if (start != crash_base) {
472 pr_warn("Invalid memory region reserved for crash kernel\n");
477 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
478 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
481 static void __init request_crashkernel(struct resource *res)
485 if (crashk_res.start == crashk_res.end)
488 ret = request_resource(res, &crashk_res);
490 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB for crashkernel\n",
491 (unsigned long)(resource_size(&crashk_res) >> 20),
492 (unsigned long)(crashk_res.start >> 20));
494 #else /* !defined(CONFIG_KEXEC) */
495 static void __init mips_parse_crashkernel(void)
499 static void __init request_crashkernel(struct resource *res)
502 #endif /* !defined(CONFIG_KEXEC) */
504 static void __init check_kernel_sections_mem(void)
506 phys_addr_t start = PFN_PHYS(PFN_DOWN(__pa_symbol(&_text)));
507 phys_addr_t size = PFN_PHYS(PFN_UP(__pa_symbol(&_end))) - start;
509 if (!memblock_is_region_memory(start, size)) {
510 pr_info("Kernel sections are not in the memory maps\n");
511 memblock_add(start, size);
515 static void __init bootcmdline_append(const char *s, size_t max)
520 if (boot_command_line[0])
521 strlcat(boot_command_line, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
523 strlcat(boot_command_line, s, max);
526 #ifdef CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE
528 static int __init bootcmdline_scan_chosen(unsigned long node, const char *uname,
529 int depth, void *data)
531 bool *dt_bootargs = data;
535 if (depth != 1 || !data ||
536 (strcmp(uname, "chosen") != 0 && strcmp(uname, "chosen@0") != 0))
539 p = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "bootargs", &l);
540 if (p != NULL && l > 0) {
541 bootcmdline_append(p, min(l, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE));
548 #endif /* CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE */
550 static void __init bootcmdline_init(void)
552 bool dt_bootargs = false;
555 * If CMDLINE_OVERRIDE is enabled then initializing the command line is
556 * trivial - we simply use the built-in command line unconditionally &
559 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE)) {
560 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
565 * If the user specified a built-in command line &
566 * MIPS_CMDLINE_BUILTIN_EXTEND, then the built-in command line is
567 * prepended to arguments from the bootloader or DT so we'll copy them
568 * to the start of boot_command_line here. Otherwise, empty
569 * boot_command_line to undo anything early_init_dt_scan_chosen() did.
571 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_BUILTIN_EXTEND))
572 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
574 boot_command_line[0] = 0;
576 #ifdef CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE
578 * If we're configured to take boot arguments from DT, look for those
581 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_FROM_DTB) ||
582 IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_DTB_EXTEND))
583 of_scan_flat_dt(bootcmdline_scan_chosen, &dt_bootargs);
587 * If we didn't get any arguments from DT (regardless of whether that's
588 * because we weren't configured to look for them, or because we looked
589 * & found none) then we'll take arguments from the bootloader.
590 * plat_mem_setup() should have filled arcs_cmdline with arguments from
593 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_DTB_EXTEND) || !dt_bootargs)
594 bootcmdline_append(arcs_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
597 * If the user specified a built-in command line & we didn't already
598 * prepend it, we append it to boot_command_line here.
600 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL) &&
601 !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_BUILTIN_EXTEND))
602 bootcmdline_append(builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
606 * arch_mem_init - initialize memory management subsystem
608 * o plat_mem_setup() detects the memory configuration and will record detected
609 * memory areas using memblock_add.
611 * At this stage the memory configuration of the system is known to the
612 * kernel but generic memory management system is still entirely uninitialized.
617 * o dma_contiguous_reserve()
619 * At this stage the bootmem allocator is ready to use.
621 * NOTE: historically plat_mem_setup did the entire platform initialization.
622 * This was rather impractical because it meant plat_mem_setup had to
623 * get away without any kind of memory allocator. To keep old code from
624 * breaking plat_setup was just renamed to plat_mem_setup and a second platform
625 * initialization hook for anything else was introduced.
627 static void __init arch_mem_init(char **cmdline_p)
629 /* call board setup routine */
631 memblock_set_bottom_up(true);
634 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
635 *cmdline_p = command_line;
640 pr_info("User-defined physical RAM map overwrite\n");
642 check_kernel_sections_mem();
644 early_init_fdt_reserve_self();
645 early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
648 memblock_set_node(0, PHYS_ADDR_MAX, &memblock.memory, 0);
653 * Prevent memblock from allocating high memory.
654 * This cannot be done before max_low_pfn is detected, so up
655 * to this point is possible to only reserve physical memory
656 * with memblock_reserve; memblock_alloc* can be used
657 * only after this point
659 memblock_set_current_limit(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
661 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
662 if (setup_elfcorehdr && setup_elfcorehdr_size) {
663 printk(KERN_INFO "kdump reserved memory at %lx-%lx\n",
664 setup_elfcorehdr, setup_elfcorehdr_size);
665 memblock_reserve(setup_elfcorehdr, setup_elfcorehdr_size);
669 mips_parse_crashkernel();
671 if (crashk_res.start != crashk_res.end)
672 memblock_reserve(crashk_res.start, resource_size(&crashk_res));
677 * In order to reduce the possibility of kernel panic when failed to
678 * get IO TLB memory under CONFIG_SWIOTLB, it is better to allocate
679 * low memory as small as possible before plat_swiotlb_setup(), so
680 * make sparse_init() using top-down allocation.
682 memblock_set_bottom_up(false);
684 memblock_set_bottom_up(true);
686 plat_swiotlb_setup();
688 dma_contiguous_reserve(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
690 /* Reserve for hibernation. */
691 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(&__nosave_begin),
692 __pa_symbol(&__nosave_end) - __pa_symbol(&__nosave_begin));
694 fdt_init_reserved_mem();
698 early_memtest(PFN_PHYS(ARCH_PFN_OFFSET), PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
701 static void __init resource_init(void)
703 struct memblock_region *region;
705 if (UNCAC_BASE != IO_BASE)
708 code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&_text);
709 code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&_etext) - 1;
710 data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&_etext);
711 data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&_edata) - 1;
712 bss_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&__bss_start);
713 bss_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&__bss_stop) - 1;
715 for_each_memblock(memory, region) {
716 phys_addr_t start = PFN_PHYS(memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(region));
717 phys_addr_t end = PFN_PHYS(memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(region)) - 1;
718 struct resource *res;
720 res = memblock_alloc(sizeof(struct resource), SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
722 panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__,
723 sizeof(struct resource));
727 res->flags = IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
728 res->name = "System RAM";
730 request_resource(&iomem_resource, res);
733 * We don't know which RAM region contains kernel data,
734 * so we try it repeatedly and let the resource manager
737 request_resource(res, &code_resource);
738 request_resource(res, &data_resource);
739 request_resource(res, &bss_resource);
740 request_crashkernel(res);
745 static void __init prefill_possible_map(void)
747 int i, possible = num_possible_cpus();
749 if (possible > nr_cpu_ids)
750 possible = nr_cpu_ids;
752 for (i = 0; i < possible; i++)
753 set_cpu_possible(i, true);
754 for (; i < NR_CPUS; i++)
755 set_cpu_possible(i, false);
757 nr_cpu_ids = possible;
760 static inline void prefill_possible_map(void) {}
763 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
769 setup_early_fdc_console();
770 #ifdef CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK
771 setup_early_printk();
776 #if defined(CONFIG_VT)
777 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
778 conswitchp = &vga_con;
782 arch_mem_init(cmdline_p);
787 prefill_possible_map();
793 unsigned long kernelsp[NR_CPUS];
794 unsigned long fw_arg0, fw_arg1, fw_arg2, fw_arg3;
797 unsigned long fw_passed_dtb;
800 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
801 struct dentry *mips_debugfs_dir;
802 static int __init debugfs_mips(void)
804 mips_debugfs_dir = debugfs_create_dir("mips", NULL);
807 arch_initcall(debugfs_mips);
810 #ifdef CONFIG_DMA_MAYBE_COHERENT
811 /* User defined DMA coherency from command line. */
812 enum coherent_io_user_state coherentio = IO_COHERENCE_DEFAULT;
813 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(coherentio);
814 int hw_coherentio; /* Actual hardware supported DMA coherency setting. */
816 static int __init setcoherentio(char *str)
818 coherentio = IO_COHERENCE_ENABLED;
819 pr_info("Hardware DMA cache coherency (command line)\n");
822 early_param("coherentio", setcoherentio);
824 static int __init setnocoherentio(char *str)
826 coherentio = IO_COHERENCE_DISABLED;
827 pr_info("Software DMA cache coherency (command line)\n");
830 early_param("nocoherentio", setnocoherentio);