fs/quota: Fix spectre gadget in do_quotactl

fs/quota: Fix spectre gadget in do_quotactl

'type' is user-controlled, so sanitize it after the bounds check to
avoid using it in speculative execution. This covers the following
potential gadgets detected with the help of smatch:

* fs/ext4/super.c:5741 ext4_quota_read() warn: potential spectre issue
  'sb_dqopt(sb)->files' [r]
* fs/ext4/super.c:5778 ext4_quota_write() warn: potential spectre issue
  'sb_dqopt(sb)->files' [r]
* fs/f2fs/super.c:1552 f2fs_quota_read() warn: potential spectre issue
  'sb_dqopt(sb)->files' [r]
* fs/f2fs/super.c:1608 f2fs_quota_write() warn: potential spectre issue
  'sb_dqopt(sb)->files' [r]
* fs/quota/dquot.c:412 mark_info_dirty() warn: potential spectre issue
  'sb_dqopt(sb)->info' [w]
* fs/quota/dquot.c:933 dqinit_needed() warn: potential spectre issue
  'dquots' [r]
* fs/quota/dquot.c:2112 dquot_commit_info() warn: potential spectre
  issue 'dqopt->ops' [r]
* fs/quota/dquot.c:2362 vfs_load_quota_inode() warn: potential spectre
  issue 'dqopt->files' [w] (local cap)
* fs/quota/dquot.c:2369 vfs_load_quota_inode() warn: potential spectre
  issue 'dqopt->ops' [w] (local cap)
* fs/quota/dquot.c:2370 vfs_load_quota_inode() warn: potential spectre
  issue 'dqopt->info' [w] (local cap)
* fs/quota/quota.c:110 quota_getfmt() warn: potential spectre issue
  'sb_dqopt(sb)->info' [r]
* fs/quota/quota_v2.c:84 v2_check_quota_file() warn: potential spectre
  issue 'quota_magics' [w]
* fs/quota/quota_v2.c:85 v2_check_quota_file() warn: potential spectre
  issue 'quota_versions' [w]
* fs/quota/quota_v2.c:96 v2_read_file_info() warn: potential spectre
  issue 'dqopt->info' [r]
* fs/quota/quota_v2.c:172 v2_write_file_info() warn: potential spectre
  issue 'dqopt->info' [r]

Additionally, a quick inspection indicates there are array accesses with
'type' in quota_on() and quota_off() functions which are also addressed
by this.

Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Cline <jcline@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>