sched_ext: Add a central scheduler which makes all scheduling decisions on one CPU

sched_ext: Add a central scheduler which makes all scheduling decisions on one CPU

This patch adds a new example scheduler, scx_central, which demonstrates
central scheduling where one CPU is responsible for making all scheduling
decisions in the system using scx_bpf_kick_cpu(). The central CPU makes
scheduling decisions for all CPUs in the system, queues tasks on the
appropriate local dsq's and preempts the worker CPUs. The worker CPUs in
turn preempt the central CPU when it needs tasks to run.

Currently, every CPU depends on its own tick to expire the current task. A
follow-up patch implementing tickless support for sched_ext will allow the
worker CPUs to go full tickless so that they can run completely undisturbed.

v3: - Kumar fixed a bug where the dispatch path could overflow the dispatch
      buffer if too many are dispatched to the fallback DSQ.

    - Use the new SCX_KICK_IDLE to wake up non-central CPUs.

    - Dropped '-p' option.

v2: - Use RESIZABLE_ARRAY() instead of fixed MAX_CPUS and use SCX_BUG[_ON]()
      to simplify error handling.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: David Vernet <dvernet@meta.com>
Acked-by: Josh Don <joshdon@google.com>
Acked-by: Hao Luo <haoluo@google.com>
Acked-by: Barret Rhoden <brho@google.com>
Cc: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@inria.fr>