err = file_permission(filp, MAY_WRITE);
if (err)
return err;
+ /*
+ * __kernel_read() is used while building the Merkle tree. So, we can't
+ * allow file descriptors that were opened for ioctl access only, using
+ * the special nonstandard access mode 3. O_RDONLY only, please!
+ */
+ if (!(filp->f_mode & FMODE_READ))
+ return -EBADF;
if (IS_APPEND(inode))
return -EPERM;