tools/perf/util/stat-shadow.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2 #include <stdio.h>
   3 #include "evsel.h"
   4 #include "stat.h"
   5 #include "color.h"
   6 #include "pmu.h"
   7 #include "rblist.h"
   8 #include "evlist.h"
   9 #include "expr.h"
  10 #include "metricgroup.h"
  11 #include "cgroup.h"
  12 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
  13
  14 /*
  15  * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
  16  * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
  17  * AGGR_DIE: Use first CPU of die
  18  * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
  19  * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
  20  * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
  21  */
  22
  23 struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
  24 struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
  25
  26 struct saved_value {
  27         struct rb_node rb_node;
  28         struct evsel *evsel;
  29         enum stat_type type;
  30         int ctx;
  31         int cpu;
  32         struct cgroup *cgrp;
  33         struct runtime_stat *stat;
  34         struct stats stats;
  35         u64 metric_total;
  36         int metric_other;
  37 };
  38
  39 static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
  40 {
  41         struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
  42                                              struct saved_value,
  43                                              rb_node);
  44         const struct saved_value *b = entry;
  45
  46         if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
  47                 return a->cpu - b->cpu;
  48
  49         /*
  50          * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
  51          * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
  52          * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
  53          * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
  54          * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
  55          */
  56         if (a->type != b->type)
  57                 return a->type - b->type;
  58
  59         if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
  60                 return a->ctx - b->ctx;
  61
  62         if (a->cgrp != b->cgrp)
  63                 return (char *)a->cgrp < (char *)b->cgrp ? -1 : +1;
  64
  65         if (a->evsel == NULL && b->evsel == NULL) {
  66                 if (a->stat == b->stat)
  67                         return 0;
  68
  69                 if ((char *)a->stat < (char *)b->stat)
  70                         return -1;
  71
  72                 return 1;
  73         }
  74
  75         if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
  76                 return 0;
  77         if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
  78                 return -1;
  79         return +1;
  80 }
  81
  82 static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  83                                      const void *entry)
  84 {
  85         struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
  86
  87         if (!nd)
  88                 return NULL;
  89         memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
  90         return &nd->rb_node;
  91 }
  92
  93 static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  94                                struct rb_node *rb_node)
  95 {
  96         struct saved_value *v;
  97
  98         BUG_ON(!rb_node);
  99         v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 100         free(v);
 101 }
 102
 103 static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct evsel *evsel,
 104                                               int cpu,
 105                                               bool create,
 106                                               enum stat_type type,
 107                                               int ctx,
 108                                               struct runtime_stat *st,
 109                                               struct cgroup *cgrp)
 110 {
 111         struct rblist *rblist;
 112         struct rb_node *nd;
 113         struct saved_value dm = {
 114                 .cpu = cpu,
 115                 .evsel = evsel,
 116                 .type = type,
 117                 .ctx = ctx,
 118                 .stat = st,
 119                 .cgrp = cgrp,
 120         };
 121
 122         rblist = &st->value_list;
 123
 124         /* don't use context info for clock events */
 125         if (type == STAT_NSECS)
 126                 dm.ctx = 0;
 127
 128         nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 129         if (nd)
 130                 return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 131         if (create) {
 132                 rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
 133                 nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 134                 if (nd)
 135                         return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 136         }
 137         return NULL;
 138 }
 139
 140 void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
 141 {
 142         struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
 143
 144         rblist__init(rblist);
 145         rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
 146         rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
 147         rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
 148 }
 149
 150 void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
 151 {
 152         rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
 153 }
 154
 155 void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
 156 {
 157         runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
 158 }
 159
 160 static int evsel_context(struct evsel *evsel)
 161 {
 162         int ctx = 0;
 163
 164         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_kernel)
 165                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
 166         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_user)
 167                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
 168         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_hv)
 169                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
 170         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_host)
 171                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
 172         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_idle)
 173                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
 174
 175         return ctx;
 176 }
 177
 178 static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 179 {
 180         struct rblist *rblist;
 181         struct rb_node *pos, *next;
 182
 183         rblist = &st->value_list;
 184         next = rb_first_cached(&rblist->entries);
 185         while (next) {
 186                 pos = next;
 187                 next = rb_next(pos);
 188                 memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
 189                        0,
 190                        sizeof(struct stats));
 191         }
 192 }
 193
 194 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
 195 {
 196         reset_stat(&rt_stat);
 197         memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 198 }
 199
 200 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 201 {
 202         reset_stat(st);
 203 }
 204
 205 struct runtime_stat_data {
 206         int ctx;
 207         struct cgroup *cgrp;
 208 };
 209
 210 static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
 211                                 enum stat_type type,
 212                                 int cpu, u64 count,
 213                                 struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 214 {
 215         struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, true, type,
 216                                                    rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 217
 218         if (v)
 219                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 220 }
 221
 222 /*
 223  * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
 224  * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
 225  * instruction rates, etc:
 226  */
 227 void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct evsel *counter, u64 count,
 228                                     int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 229 {
 230         u64 count_ns = count;
 231         struct saved_value *v;
 232         struct runtime_stat_data rsd = {
 233                 .ctx = evsel_context(counter),
 234                 .cgrp = counter->cgrp,
 235         };
 236
 237         count *= counter->scale;
 238
 239         if (evsel__is_clock(counter))
 240                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, cpu, count_ns, &rsd);
 241         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 242                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, count, &rsd);
 243         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
 244                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, cpu, count, &rsd);
 245         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
 246                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, cpu, count, &rsd);
 247         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
 248                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, cpu, count, &rsd);
 249         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
 250                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
 251                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 252         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
 253                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
 254                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 255         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
 256                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 257                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 258         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
 259                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 260                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 261         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
 262                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
 263                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 264         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RETIRING))
 265                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING,
 266                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 267         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC))
 268                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC,
 269                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 270         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND))
 271                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND,
 272                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 273         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND))
 274                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND,
 275                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 276         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS))
 277                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS,
 278                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 279         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT))
 280                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT,
 281                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 282         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT))
 283                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT,
 284                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 285         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND))
 286                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND,
 287                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 288         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 289                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 290                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 291         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
 292                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 293                                     cpu, count, &rsd);
 294         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 295                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, cpu, count, &rsd);
 296         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 297                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, cpu, count, &rsd);
 298         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
 299                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, cpu, count, &rsd);
 300         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
 301                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, cpu, count, &rsd);
 302         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
 303                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, cpu, count, &rsd);
 304         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
 305                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, cpu, count, &rsd);
 306         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
 307                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, cpu, count, &rsd);
 308         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
 309                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, cpu, count, &rsd);
 310         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
 311                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, cpu, count, &rsd);
 312
 313         if (counter->collect_stat) {
 314                 v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st,
 315                                        rsd.cgrp);
 316                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 317                 if (counter->metric_leader)
 318                         v->metric_total += count;
 319         } else if (counter->metric_leader) {
 320                 v = saved_value_lookup(counter->metric_leader,
 321                                        cpu, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st, rsd.cgrp);
 322                 v->metric_total += count;
 323                 v->metric_other++;
 324         }
 325 }
 326
 327 /* used for get_ratio_color() */
 328 enum grc_type {
 329         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
 330         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
 331         GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
 332         GRC_MAX_NR
 333 };
 334
 335 static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
 336 {
 337         static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
 338                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
 339                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
 340                 [GRC_CACHE_MISSES]      = { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
 341         };
 342         const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
 343
 344         if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
 345                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 346         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
 347                 color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
 348         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
 349                 color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
 350
 351         return color;
 352 }
 353
 354 static struct evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct evlist *evsel_list,
 355                                                 const char *name)
 356 {
 357         struct evsel *c2;
 358
 359         evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
 360                 if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name) && !c2->collect_stat)
 361                         return c2;
 362         }
 363         return NULL;
 364 }
 365
 366 /* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
 367 void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct evlist *evsel_list)
 368 {
 369         struct evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
 370         bool found;
 371         struct expr_parse_ctx ctx;
 372         struct hashmap_entry *cur;
 373         size_t bkt;
 374         int i;
 375
 376         expr__ctx_init(&ctx);
 377         evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
 378                 bool invalid = false;
 379
 380                 leader = counter->leader;
 381                 if (!counter->metric_expr)
 382                         continue;
 383
 384                 expr__ctx_clear(&ctx);
 385                 metric_events = counter->metric_events;
 386                 if (!metric_events) {
 387                         if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr,
 388                                              counter->name,
 389                                              &ctx, 1) < 0)
 390                                 continue;
 391
 392                         metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct evsel *),
 393                                                hashmap__size(&ctx.ids) + 1);
 394                         if (!metric_events) {
 395                                 expr__ctx_clear(&ctx);
 396                                 return;
 397                         }
 398                         counter->metric_events = metric_events;
 399                 }
 400
 401                 i = 0;
 402                 hashmap__for_each_entry((&ctx.ids), cur, bkt) {
 403                         const char *metric_name = (const char *)cur->key;
 404
 405                         found = false;
 406                         if (leader) {
 407                                 /* Search in group */
 408                                 for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
 409                                         if (!strcasecmp(oc->name,
 410                                                         metric_name) &&
 411                                                 !oc->collect_stat) {
 412                                                 found = true;
 413                                                 break;
 414                                         }
 415                                 }
 416                         }
 417                         if (!found) {
 418                                 /* Search ignoring groups */
 419                                 oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list,
 420                                                            metric_name);
 421                         }
 422                         if (!oc) {
 423                                 /* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
 424                                 static char *printed;
 425
 426                                 /*
 427                                  * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
 428                                  * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
 429                                  * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
 430                                  * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
 431                                  * events.
 432                                  */
 433                                 if (!printed ||
 434                                     strcasecmp(printed, metric_name)) {
 435                                         fprintf(stderr,
 436                                                 "Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
 437                                                 metric_name,
 438                                                 counter->name);
 439                                         printed = strdup(metric_name);
 440                                 }
 441                                 invalid = true;
 442                                 continue;
 443                         }
 444                         metric_events[i++] = oc;
 445                         oc->collect_stat = true;
 446                 }
 447                 metric_events[i] = NULL;
 448                 if (invalid) {
 449                         free(metric_events);
 450                         counter->metric_events = NULL;
 451                         counter->metric_expr = NULL;
 452                 }
 453         }
 454         expr__ctx_clear(&ctx);
 455 }
 456
 457 static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
 458                                enum stat_type type, int cpu,
 459                                struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 460 {
 461         struct saved_value *v;
 462
 463         v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 464         if (!v)
 465                 return 0.0;
 466
 467         return avg_stats(&v->stats);
 468 }
 469
 470 static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
 471                              enum stat_type type, int cpu,
 472                              struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 473 {
 474         struct saved_value *v;
 475
 476         v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 477         if (!v)
 478                 return 0.0;
 479
 480         return v->stats.n;
 481 }
 482
 483 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 484                                           int cpu, double avg,
 485                                           struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 486                                           struct runtime_stat *st,
 487                                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 488 {
 489         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 490         const char *color;
 491
 492         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, rsd);
 493
 494         if (total)
 495                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 496
 497         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
 498
 499         if (ratio)
 500                 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
 501                                   ratio);
 502         else
 503                 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
 504 }
 505
 506 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 507                                          int cpu, double avg,
 508                                          struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 509                                          struct runtime_stat *st,
 510                                          struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 511 {
 512         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 513         const char *color;
 514
 515         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, rsd);
 516
 517         if (total)
 518                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 519
 520         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
 521
 522         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
 523 }
 524
 525 static void print_branch_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 526                                 int cpu, double avg,
 527                                 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 528                                 struct runtime_stat *st,
 529                                 struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 530 {
 531         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 532         const char *color;
 533
 534         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, cpu, rsd);
 535
 536         if (total)
 537                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 538
 539         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 540
 541         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
 542 }
 543
 544 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 545                                    int cpu, double avg,
 546                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 547                                    struct runtime_stat *st,
 548                                    struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 549 {
 550         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 551         const char *color;
 552
 553         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, cpu, rsd);
 554
 555         if (total)
 556                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 557
 558         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 559
 560         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache accesses", ratio);
 561 }
 562
 563 static void print_l1_icache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 564                                    int cpu, double avg,
 565                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 566                                    struct runtime_stat *st,
 567                                    struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 568 {
 569         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 570         const char *color;
 571
 572         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, cpu, rsd);
 573
 574         if (total)
 575                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 576
 577         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 578         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache accesses", ratio);
 579 }
 580
 581 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 582                                     int cpu, double avg,
 583                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 584                                     struct runtime_stat *st,
 585                                     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 586 {
 587         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 588         const char *color;
 589
 590         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, cpu, rsd);
 591
 592         if (total)
 593                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 594
 595         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 596         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache accesses", ratio);
 597 }
 598
 599 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 600                                     int cpu, double avg,
 601                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 602                                     struct runtime_stat *st,
 603                                     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 604 {
 605         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 606         const char *color;
 607
 608         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, cpu, rsd);
 609
 610         if (total)
 611                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 612
 613         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 614         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache accesses", ratio);
 615 }
 616
 617 static void print_ll_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 618                                   int cpu, double avg,
 619                                   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 620                                   struct runtime_stat *st,
 621                                   struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 622 {
 623         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 624         const char *color;
 625
 626         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, cpu, rsd);
 627
 628         if (total)
 629                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 630
 631         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 632         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache accesses", ratio);
 633 }
 634
 635 /*
 636  * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
 637  *
 638  * Basic concept following
 639  * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
 640  * ISPASS14
 641  *
 642  * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
 643  *
 644  * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
 645  * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
 646  * (for example branch mispredictions)
 647  * Frontend is instruction decoding.
 648  * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
 649  * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
 650  *
 651  * The formulas are computed in slots.
 652  * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
 653  * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
 654  *
 655  * Formulas:
 656  * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
 657  *                      TotalSlots
 658  * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
 659  * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
 660  * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
 661  *
 662  * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
 663  * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
 664  *
 665  * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
 666  *
 667  * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
 668  *
 669  * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
 670  * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
 671  *
 672  * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
 673  * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
 674  * support Level 1 TopDown.
 675  */
 676
 677 static double sanitize_val(double x)
 678 {
 679         if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
 680                 return 0.0;
 681         return x;
 682 }
 683
 684 static double td_total_slots(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st,
 685                              struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 686 {
 687         return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, cpu, rsd);
 688 }
 689
 690 static double td_bad_spec(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st,
 691                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 692 {
 693         double bad_spec = 0;
 694         double total_slots;
 695         double total;
 696
 697         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, cpu, rsd) -
 698                 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, cpu, rsd) +
 699                 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, cpu, rsd);
 700
 701         total_slots = td_total_slots(cpu, st, rsd);
 702         if (total_slots)
 703                 bad_spec = total / total_slots;
 704         return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
 705 }
 706
 707 static double td_retiring(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st,
 708                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 709 {
 710         double retiring = 0;
 711         double total_slots = td_total_slots(cpu, st, rsd);
 712         double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 713                                             cpu, rsd);
 714
 715         if (total_slots)
 716                 retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
 717         return retiring;
 718 }
 719
 720 static double td_fe_bound(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st,
 721                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 722 {
 723         double fe_bound = 0;
 724         double total_slots = td_total_slots(cpu, st, rsd);
 725         double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 726                                             cpu, rsd);
 727
 728         if (total_slots)
 729                 fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
 730         return fe_bound;
 731 }
 732
 733 static double td_be_bound(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st,
 734                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 735 {
 736         double sum = (td_fe_bound(cpu, st, rsd) +
 737                       td_bad_spec(cpu, st, rsd) +
 738                       td_retiring(cpu, st, rsd));
 739         if (sum == 0)
 740                 return 0;
 741         return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
 742 }
 743
 744 /*
 745  * Kernel reports metrics multiplied with slots. To get back
 746  * the ratios we need to recreate the sum.
 747  */
 748
 749 static double td_metric_ratio(int cpu, enum stat_type type,
 750                               struct runtime_stat *stat,
 751                               struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 752 {
 753         double sum = runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, cpu, rsd) +
 754                 runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, cpu, rsd) +
 755                 runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, cpu, rsd) +
 756                 runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, cpu, rsd);
 757         double d = runtime_stat_avg(stat, type, cpu, rsd);
 758
 759         if (sum)
 760                 return d / sum;
 761         return 0;
 762 }
 763
 764 /*
 765  * ... but only if most of the values are actually available.
 766  * We allow two missing.
 767  */
 768
 769 static bool full_td(int cpu, struct runtime_stat *stat,
 770                     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 771 {
 772         int c = 0;
 773
 774         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, cpu, rsd) > 0)
 775                 c++;
 776         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, cpu, rsd) > 0)
 777                 c++;
 778         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, cpu, rsd) > 0)
 779                 c++;
 780         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, cpu, rsd) > 0)
 781                 c++;
 782         return c >= 2;
 783 }
 784
 785 static void print_smi_cost(struct perf_stat_config *config, int cpu,
 786                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 787                            struct runtime_stat *st,
 788                            struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 789 {
 790         double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
 791         const char *color = NULL;
 792
 793         smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, cpu, rsd);
 794         aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, cpu, rsd);
 795         cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, rsd);
 796
 797         if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
 798                 return;
 799
 800         if (smi_num)
 801                 cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
 802
 803         if (cost > 10)
 804                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 805         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
 806         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
 807 }
 808
 809 static int prepare_metric(struct evsel **metric_events,
 810                           struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
 811                           struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx,
 812                           int cpu,
 813                           struct runtime_stat *st)
 814 {
 815         double scale;
 816         char *n, *pn;
 817         int i, j, ret;
 818
 819         expr__ctx_init(pctx);
 820         for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
 821                 struct saved_value *v;
 822                 struct stats *stats;
 823                 u64 metric_total = 0;
 824
 825                 if (!strcmp(metric_events[i]->name, "duration_time")) {
 826                         stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
 827                         scale = 1e-9;
 828                 } else {
 829                         v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], cpu, false,
 830                                                STAT_NONE, 0, st,
 831                                                metric_events[i]->cgrp);
 832                         if (!v)
 833                                 break;
 834                         stats = &v->stats;
 835                         scale = 1.0;
 836
 837                         if (v->metric_other)
 838                                 metric_total = v->metric_total;
 839                 }
 840
 841                 n = strdup(metric_events[i]->name);
 842                 if (!n)
 843                         return -ENOMEM;
 844                 /*
 845                  * This display code with --no-merge adds [cpu] postfixes.
 846                  * These are not supported by the parser. Remove everything
 847                  * after the space.
 848                  */
 849                 pn = strchr(n, ' ');
 850                 if (pn)
 851                         *pn = 0;
 852
 853                 if (metric_total)
 854                         expr__add_id_val(pctx, n, metric_total);
 855                 else
 856                         expr__add_id_val(pctx, n, avg_stats(stats)*scale);
 857         }
 858
 859         for (j = 0; metric_refs && metric_refs[j].metric_name; j++) {
 860                 ret = expr__add_ref(pctx, &metric_refs[j]);
 861                 if (ret)
 862                         return ret;
 863         }
 864
 865         return i;
 866 }
 867
 868 static void generic_metric(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 869                            const char *metric_expr,
 870                            struct evsel **metric_events,
 871                            struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
 872                            char *name,
 873                            const char *metric_name,
 874                            const char *metric_unit,
 875                            int runtime,
 876                            int cpu,
 877                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 878                            struct runtime_stat *st)
 879 {
 880         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 881         struct expr_parse_ctx pctx;
 882         double ratio, scale;
 883         int i;
 884         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 885
 886         i = prepare_metric(metric_events, metric_refs, &pctx, cpu, st);
 887         if (i < 0)
 888                 return;
 889
 890         if (!metric_events[i]) {
 891                 if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, metric_expr, runtime) == 0) {
 892                         char *unit;
 893                         char metric_bf[64];
 894
 895                         if (metric_unit && metric_name) {
 896                                 if (perf_pmu__convert_scale(metric_unit,
 897                                         &unit, &scale) >= 0) {
 898                                         ratio *= scale;
 899                                 }
 900                                 if (strstr(metric_expr, "?"))
 901                                         scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 902                                           "%s  %s_%d", unit, metric_name, runtime);
 903                                 else
 904                                         scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 905                                           "%s  %s", unit, metric_name);
 906
 907                                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 908                                              metric_bf, ratio);
 909                         } else {
 910                                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.2f",
 911                                         metric_name ?
 912                                         metric_name :
 913                                         out->force_header ?  name : "",
 914                                         ratio);
 915                         }
 916                 } else {
 917                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 918                                      out->force_header ?
 919                                      (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 920                 }
 921         } else {
 922                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 923                              out->force_header ?
 924                              (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 925         }
 926
 927         expr__ctx_clear(&pctx);
 928 }
 929
 930 double test_generic_metric(struct metric_expr *mexp, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 931 {
 932         struct expr_parse_ctx pctx;
 933         double ratio = 0.0;
 934
 935         if (prepare_metric(mexp->metric_events, mexp->metric_refs, &pctx, cpu, st) < 0)
 936                 goto out;
 937
 938         if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, mexp->metric_expr, 1))
 939                 ratio = 0.0;
 940
 941 out:
 942         expr__ctx_clear(&pctx);
 943         return ratio;
 944 }
 945
 946 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 947                                    struct evsel *evsel,
 948                                    double avg, int cpu,
 949                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 950                                    struct rblist *metric_events,
 951                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 952 {
 953         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 954         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 955         double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 956         const char *color = NULL;
 957         struct runtime_stat_data rsd = {
 958                 .ctx = evsel_context(evsel),
 959                 .cgrp = evsel->cgrp,
 960         };
 961         struct metric_event *me;
 962         int num = 1;
 963
 964         if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 965                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, &rsd);
 966
 967                 if (total) {
 968                         ratio = avg / total;
 969                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 970                                         "insn per cycle", ratio);
 971                 } else {
 972                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
 973                 }
 974
 975                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT, cpu, &rsd);
 976
 977                 total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
 978                                                     STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 979                                                     cpu, &rsd));
 980
 981                 if (total && avg) {
 982                         out->new_line(config, ctxp);
 983                         ratio = total / avg;
 984                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 985                                         "stalled cycles per insn",
 986                                         ratio);
 987                 }
 988         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
 989                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
 990                         print_branch_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
 991                 else
 992                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
 993         } else if (
 994                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 995                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
 996                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 997                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 998
 999                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1000                         print_l1_dcache_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1001                 else
1002                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache accesses", 0);
1003         } else if (
1004                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1005                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
1006                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1007                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1008
1009                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1010                         print_l1_icache_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1011                 else
1012                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache accesses", 0);
1013         } else if (
1014                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1015                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
1016                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1017                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1018
1019                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1020                         print_dtlb_cache_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1021                 else
1022                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache accesses", 0);
1023         } else if (
1024                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1025                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
1026                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1027                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1028
1029                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1030                         print_itlb_cache_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1031                 else
1032                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache accesses", 0);
1033         } else if (
1034                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1035                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
1036                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1037                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1038
1039                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1040                         print_ll_cache_misses(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1041                 else
1042                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache accesses", 0);
1043         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
1044                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, cpu, &rsd);
1045
1046                 if (total)
1047                         ratio = avg * 100 / total;
1048
1049                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1050                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
1051                                      "of all cache refs", ratio);
1052                 else
1053                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
1054         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
1055                 print_stalled_cycles_frontend(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1056         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
1057                 print_stalled_cycles_backend(config, cpu, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1058         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
1059                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, cpu, &rsd);
1060
1061                 if (total) {
1062                         ratio = avg / total;
1063                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
1064                 } else {
1065                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
1066                 }
1067         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
1068                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, &rsd);
1069
1070                 if (total)
1071                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL,
1072                                         "%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
1073                                         100.0 * (avg / total));
1074                 else
1075                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
1076                                      0);
1077         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
1078                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, cpu, &rsd);
1079                 total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, cpu, &rsd);
1080
1081                 if (total2 < avg)
1082                         total2 = avg;
1083                 if (total)
1084                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
1085                                 100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
1086                 else
1087                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
1088         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
1089                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, cpu, &rsd);
1090
1091                 if (avg)
1092                         ratio = total / avg;
1093
1094                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, cpu, &rsd) != 0)
1095                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
1096                                      "cycles / transaction", ratio);
1097                 else
1098                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
1099                                       0);
1100         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
1101                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, cpu, &rsd);
1102
1103                 if (avg)
1104                         ratio = total / avg;
1105
1106                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
1107         } else if (evsel__is_clock(evsel)) {
1108                 if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
1109                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
1110                                      avg / (ratio * evsel->scale));
1111                 else
1112                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
1113         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
1114                 double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(cpu, st, &rsd);
1115
1116                 if (fe_bound > 0.2)
1117                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1118                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
1119                                 fe_bound * 100.);
1120         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
1121                 double retiring = td_retiring(cpu, st, &rsd);
1122
1123                 if (retiring > 0.7)
1124                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1125                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
1126                                 retiring * 100.);
1127         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
1128                 double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(cpu, st, &rsd);
1129
1130                 if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1131                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1132                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
1133                                 bad_spec * 100.);
1134         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
1135                 double be_bound = td_be_bound(cpu, st, &rsd);
1136                 const char *name = "backend bound";
1137                 static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
1138
1139                 /* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
1140                 if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
1141                         have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
1142                                         "topdown-recovery-bubbles");
1143                 if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
1144                         name = "backend bound/bad spec";
1145
1146                 if (be_bound > 0.2)
1147                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1148                 if (td_total_slots(cpu, st, &rsd) > 0)
1149                         print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
1150                                         be_bound * 100.);
1151                 else
1152                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
1153         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RETIRING) &&
1154                    full_td(cpu, st, &rsd)) {
1155                 double retiring = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1156                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, st,
1157                                                   &rsd);
1158                 if (retiring > 0.7)
1159                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1160                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
1161                                 retiring * 100.);
1162         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND) &&
1163                    full_td(cpu, st, &rsd)) {
1164                 double fe_bound = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1165                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, st,
1166                                                   &rsd);
1167                 if (fe_bound > 0.2)
1168                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1169                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
1170                                 fe_bound * 100.);
1171         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND) &&
1172                    full_td(cpu, st, &rsd)) {
1173                 double be_bound = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1174                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, st,
1175                                                   &rsd);
1176                 if (be_bound > 0.2)
1177                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1178                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "backend bound",
1179                                 be_bound * 100.);
1180         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC) &&
1181                    full_td(cpu, st, &rsd)) {
1182                 double bad_spec = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1183                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, st,
1184                                                   &rsd);
1185                 if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1186                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1187                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
1188                                 bad_spec * 100.);
1189         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS) &&
1190                         full_td(cpu, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1191                 double retiring = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1192                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, st,
1193                                                   &rsd);
1194                 double heavy_ops = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1195                                                    STAT_TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS, st,
1196                                                    &rsd);
1197                 double light_ops = retiring - heavy_ops;
1198
1199                 if (retiring > 0.7 && heavy_ops > 0.1)
1200                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1201                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "heavy operations",
1202                                 heavy_ops * 100.);
1203                 if (retiring > 0.7 && light_ops > 0.6)
1204                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1205                 else
1206                         color = NULL;
1207                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "light operations",
1208                                 light_ops * 100.);
1209         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT) &&
1210                         full_td(cpu, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1211                 double bad_spec = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1212                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, st,
1213                                                   &rsd);
1214                 double br_mis = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1215                                                 STAT_TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT, st,
1216                                                 &rsd);
1217                 double m_clears = bad_spec - br_mis;
1218
1219                 if (bad_spec > 0.1 && br_mis > 0.05)
1220                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1221                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "branch mispredict",
1222                                 br_mis * 100.);
1223                 if (bad_spec > 0.1 && m_clears > 0.05)
1224                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1225                 else
1226                         color = NULL;
1227                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "machine clears",
1228                                 m_clears * 100.);
1229         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT) &&
1230                         full_td(cpu, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1231                 double fe_bound = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1232                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, st,
1233                                                   &rsd);
1234                 double fetch_lat = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1235                                                    STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT, st,
1236                                                    &rsd);
1237                 double fetch_bw = fe_bound - fetch_lat;
1238
1239                 if (fe_bound > 0.2 && fetch_lat > 0.15)
1240                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1241                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "fetch latency",
1242                                 fetch_lat * 100.);
1243                 if (fe_bound > 0.2 && fetch_bw > 0.1)
1244                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1245                 else
1246                         color = NULL;
1247                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "fetch bandwidth",
1248                                 fetch_bw * 100.);
1249         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND) &&
1250                         full_td(cpu, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1251                 double be_bound = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1252                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, st,
1253                                                   &rsd);
1254                 double mem_bound = td_metric_ratio(cpu,
1255                                                    STAT_TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND, st,
1256                                                    &rsd);
1257                 double core_bound = be_bound - mem_bound;
1258
1259                 if (be_bound > 0.2 && mem_bound > 0.2)
1260                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1261                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "memory bound",
1262                                 mem_bound * 100.);
1263                 if (be_bound > 0.2 && core_bound > 0.1)
1264                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1265                 else
1266                         color = NULL;
1267                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Core bound",
1268                                 core_bound * 100.);
1269         } else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
1270                 generic_metric(config, evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, NULL,
1271                                 evsel->name, evsel->metric_name, NULL, 1, cpu, out, st);
1272         } else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, cpu, &rsd) != 0) {
1273                 char unit = 'M';
1274                 char unit_buf[10];
1275
1276                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, cpu, &rsd);
1277
1278                 if (total)
1279                         ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
1280                 if (ratio < 0.001) {
1281                         ratio *= 1000;
1282                         unit = 'K';
1283                 }
1284                 snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
1285                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
1286         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
1287                 print_smi_cost(config, cpu, out, st, &rsd);
1288         } else {
1289                 num = 0;
1290         }
1291
1292         if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
1293                 struct metric_expr *mexp;
1294
1295                 list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
1296                         if (num++ > 0)
1297                                 out->new_line(config, ctxp);
1298                         generic_metric(config, mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
1299                                         mexp->metric_refs, evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
1300                                         mexp->metric_unit, mexp->runtime, cpu, out, st);
1301                 }
1302         }
1303         if (num == 0)
1304                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
1305 }