tools/perf/util/stat-shadow.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2 #include <stdio.h>
   3 #include "evsel.h"
   4 #include "stat.h"
   5 #include "color.h"
   6 #include "pmu.h"
   7 #include "rblist.h"
   8 #include "evlist.h"
   9 #include "expr.h"
  10 #include "metricgroup.h"
  11
  12 /*
  13  * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
  14  * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
  15  * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
  16  * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
  17  * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
  18  */
  19 static bool have_frontend_stalled;
  20
  21 struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
  22 struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
  23
  24 struct saved_value {
  25         struct rb_node rb_node;
  26         struct perf_evsel *evsel;
  27         enum stat_type type;
  28         int ctx;
  29         int cpu;
  30         struct runtime_stat *stat;
  31         struct stats stats;
  32 };
  33
  34 static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
  35 {
  36         struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
  37                                              struct saved_value,
  38                                              rb_node);
  39         const struct saved_value *b = entry;
  40
  41         if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
  42                 return a->cpu - b->cpu;
  43
  44         /*
  45          * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
  46          * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
  47          * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
  48          * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
  49          * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
  50          */
  51         if (a->type != b->type)
  52                 return a->type - b->type;
  53
  54         if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
  55                 return a->ctx - b->ctx;
  56
  57         if (a->evsel == NULL && b->evsel == NULL) {
  58                 if (a->stat == b->stat)
  59                         return 0;
  60
  61                 if ((char *)a->stat < (char *)b->stat)
  62                         return -1;
  63
  64                 return 1;
  65         }
  66
  67         if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
  68                 return 0;
  69         if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
  70                 return -1;
  71         return +1;
  72 }
  73
  74 static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  75                                      const void *entry)
  76 {
  77         struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
  78
  79         if (!nd)
  80                 return NULL;
  81         memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
  82         return &nd->rb_node;
  83 }
  84
  85 static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  86                                struct rb_node *rb_node)
  87 {
  88         struct saved_value *v;
  89
  90         BUG_ON(!rb_node);
  91         v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
  92         free(v);
  93 }
  94
  95 static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
  96                                               int cpu,
  97                                               bool create,
  98                                               enum stat_type type,
  99                                               int ctx,
 100                                               struct runtime_stat *st)
 101 {
 102         struct rblist *rblist;
 103         struct rb_node *nd;
 104         struct saved_value dm = {
 105                 .cpu = cpu,
 106                 .evsel = evsel,
 107                 .type = type,
 108                 .ctx = ctx,
 109                 .stat = st,
 110         };
 111
 112         rblist = &st->value_list;
 113
 114         nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 115         if (nd)
 116                 return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 117         if (create) {
 118                 rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
 119                 nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 120                 if (nd)
 121                         return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 122         }
 123         return NULL;
 124 }
 125
 126 void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
 127 {
 128         struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
 129
 130         rblist__init(rblist);
 131         rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
 132         rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
 133         rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
 134 }
 135
 136 void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
 137 {
 138         rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
 139 }
 140
 141 void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
 142 {
 143         have_frontend_stalled = pmu_have_event("cpu", "stalled-cycles-frontend");
 144         runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
 145 }
 146
 147 static int evsel_context(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
 148 {
 149         int ctx = 0;
 150
 151         if (evsel->attr.exclude_kernel)
 152                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
 153         if (evsel->attr.exclude_user)
 154                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
 155         if (evsel->attr.exclude_hv)
 156                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
 157         if (evsel->attr.exclude_host)
 158                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
 159         if (evsel->attr.exclude_idle)
 160                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
 161
 162         return ctx;
 163 }
 164
 165 static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 166 {
 167         struct rblist *rblist;
 168         struct rb_node *pos, *next;
 169
 170         rblist = &st->value_list;
 171         next = rb_first(&rblist->entries);
 172         while (next) {
 173                 pos = next;
 174                 next = rb_next(pos);
 175                 memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
 176                        0,
 177                        sizeof(struct stats));
 178         }
 179 }
 180
 181 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
 182 {
 183         reset_stat(&rt_stat);
 184         memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 185 }
 186
 187 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 188 {
 189         reset_stat(st);
 190 }
 191
 192 static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
 193                                 enum stat_type type,
 194                                 int ctx, int cpu, u64 count)
 195 {
 196         struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, true,
 197                                                    type, ctx, st);
 198
 199         if (v)
 200                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 201 }
 202
 203 /*
 204  * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
 205  * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
 206  * instruction rates, etc:
 207  */
 208 void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *counter, u64 count,
 209                                     int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 210 {
 211         int ctx = evsel_context(counter);
 212
 213         count *= counter->scale;
 214
 215         if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK) ||
 216             perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK))
 217                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu, count);
 218         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 219                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu, count);
 220         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
 221                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu, count);
 222         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
 223                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, ctx, cpu, count);
 224         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
 225                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, ctx, cpu, count);
 226         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
 227                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
 228                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 229         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
 230                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
 231                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 232         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
 233                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 234                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 235         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
 236                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 237                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 238         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
 239                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
 240                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 241         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 242                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 243                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 244         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
 245                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 246                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 247         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 248                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu, count);
 249         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 250                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu, count);
 251         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
 252                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 253         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
 254                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 255         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
 256                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 257         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
 258                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 259         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
 260                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 261         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
 262                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu, count);
 263         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
 264                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu, count);
 265
 266         if (counter->collect_stat) {
 267                 struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, true,
 268                                                            STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 269                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 270         }
 271 }
 272
 273 /* used for get_ratio_color() */
 274 enum grc_type {
 275         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
 276         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
 277         GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
 278         GRC_MAX_NR
 279 };
 280
 281 static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
 282 {
 283         static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
 284                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
 285                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
 286                 [GRC_CACHE_MISSES]      = { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
 287         };
 288         const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
 289
 290         if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
 291                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 292         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
 293                 color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
 294         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
 295                 color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
 296
 297         return color;
 298 }
 299
 300 static struct perf_evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list,
 301                                                 const char *name)
 302 {
 303         struct perf_evsel *c2;
 304
 305         evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
 306                 if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name))
 307                         return c2;
 308         }
 309         return NULL;
 310 }
 311
 312 /* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
 313 void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list)
 314 {
 315         struct perf_evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
 316         bool found;
 317         const char **metric_names;
 318         int i;
 319         int num_metric_names;
 320
 321         evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
 322                 bool invalid = false;
 323
 324                 leader = counter->leader;
 325                 if (!counter->metric_expr)
 326                         continue;
 327                 metric_events = counter->metric_events;
 328                 if (!metric_events) {
 329                         if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr, counter->name,
 330                                                 &metric_names, &num_metric_names) < 0)
 331                                 continue;
 332
 333                         metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct perf_evsel *),
 334                                                num_metric_names + 1);
 335                         if (!metric_events)
 336                                 return;
 337                         counter->metric_events = metric_events;
 338                 }
 339
 340                 for (i = 0; i < num_metric_names; i++) {
 341                         found = false;
 342                         if (leader) {
 343                                 /* Search in group */
 344                                 for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
 345                                         if (!strcasecmp(oc->name, metric_names[i])) {
 346                                                 found = true;
 347                                                 break;
 348                                         }
 349                                 }
 350                         }
 351                         if (!found) {
 352                                 /* Search ignoring groups */
 353                                 oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list, metric_names[i]);
 354                         }
 355                         if (!oc) {
 356                                 /* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
 357                                 static char *printed;
 358
 359                                 /*
 360                                  * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
 361                                  * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
 362                                  * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
 363                                  * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
 364                                  * events.
 365                                  */
 366                                 if (!printed || strcasecmp(printed, metric_names[i])) {
 367                                         fprintf(stderr,
 368                                                 "Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
 369                                                 metric_names[i],
 370                                                 counter->name);
 371                                         printed = strdup(metric_names[i]);
 372                                 }
 373                                 invalid = true;
 374                                 continue;
 375                         }
 376                         metric_events[i] = oc;
 377                         oc->collect_stat = true;
 378                 }
 379                 metric_events[i] = NULL;
 380                 free(metric_names);
 381                 if (invalid) {
 382                         free(metric_events);
 383                         counter->metric_events = NULL;
 384                         counter->metric_expr = NULL;
 385                 }
 386         }
 387 }
 388
 389 static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
 390                                enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 391 {
 392         struct saved_value *v;
 393
 394         v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
 395         if (!v)
 396                 return 0.0;
 397
 398         return avg_stats(&v->stats);
 399 }
 400
 401 static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
 402                              enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 403 {
 404         struct saved_value *v;
 405
 406         v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
 407         if (!v)
 408                 return 0.0;
 409
 410         return v->stats.n;
 411 }
 412
 413 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(int cpu,
 414                                           struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
 415                                           struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 416                                           struct runtime_stat *st)
 417 {
 418         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 419         const char *color;
 420         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 421
 422         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 423
 424         if (total)
 425                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 426
 427         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
 428
 429         if (ratio)
 430                 out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
 431                                   ratio);
 432         else
 433                 out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
 434 }
 435
 436 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(int cpu,
 437                                          struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
 438                                          struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 439                                          struct runtime_stat *st)
 440 {
 441         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 442         const char *color;
 443         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 444
 445         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 446
 447         if (total)
 448                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 449
 450         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
 451
 452         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
 453 }
 454
 455 static void print_branch_misses(int cpu,
 456                                 struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 457                                 double avg,
 458                                 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 459                                 struct runtime_stat *st)
 460 {
 461         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 462         const char *color;
 463         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 464
 465         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu);
 466
 467         if (total)
 468                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 469
 470         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 471
 472         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
 473 }
 474
 475 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(int cpu,
 476                                    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 477                                    double avg,
 478                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 479                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 480
 481 {
 482         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 483         const char *color;
 484         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 485
 486         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu);
 487
 488         if (total)
 489                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 490
 491         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 492
 493         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache hits", ratio);
 494 }
 495
 496 static void print_l1_icache_misses(int cpu,
 497                                    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 498                                    double avg,
 499                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 500                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 501
 502 {
 503         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 504         const char *color;
 505         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 506
 507         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu);
 508
 509         if (total)
 510                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 511
 512         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 513         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache hits", ratio);
 514 }
 515
 516 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
 517                                     struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 518                                     double avg,
 519                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 520                                     struct runtime_stat *st)
 521 {
 522         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 523         const char *color;
 524         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 525
 526         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 527
 528         if (total)
 529                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 530
 531         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 532         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache hits", ratio);
 533 }
 534
 535 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
 536                                     struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 537                                     double avg,
 538                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 539                                     struct runtime_stat *st)
 540 {
 541         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 542         const char *color;
 543         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 544
 545         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 546
 547         if (total)
 548                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 549
 550         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 551         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache hits", ratio);
 552 }
 553
 554 static void print_ll_cache_misses(int cpu,
 555                                   struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 556                                   double avg,
 557                                   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 558                                   struct runtime_stat *st)
 559 {
 560         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 561         const char *color;
 562         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 563
 564         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 565
 566         if (total)
 567                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 568
 569         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 570         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache hits", ratio);
 571 }
 572
 573 /*
 574  * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
 575  *
 576  * Basic concept following
 577  * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
 578  * ISPASS14
 579  *
 580  * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
 581  *
 582  * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
 583  * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
 584  * (for example branch mispredictions)
 585  * Frontend is instruction decoding.
 586  * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
 587  * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
 588  *
 589  * The formulas are computed in slots.
 590  * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
 591  * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
 592  *
 593  * Formulas:
 594  * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
 595  *                      TotalSlots
 596  * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
 597  * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
 598  * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
 599  *
 600  * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
 601  * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
 602  *
 603  * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
 604  *
 605  * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
 606  *
 607  * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
 608  * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
 609  *
 610  * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
 611  * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
 612  * support Level 1 TopDown.
 613  */
 614
 615 static double sanitize_val(double x)
 616 {
 617         if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
 618                 return 0.0;
 619         return x;
 620 }
 621
 622 static double td_total_slots(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 623 {
 624         return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, ctx, cpu);
 625 }
 626
 627 static double td_bad_spec(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 628 {
 629         double bad_spec = 0;
 630         double total_slots;
 631         double total;
 632
 633         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, ctx, cpu) -
 634                 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, ctx, cpu) +
 635                 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, ctx, cpu);
 636
 637         total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 638         if (total_slots)
 639                 bad_spec = total / total_slots;
 640         return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
 641 }
 642
 643 static double td_retiring(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 644 {
 645         double retiring = 0;
 646         double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 647         double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 648                                             ctx, cpu);
 649
 650         if (total_slots)
 651                 retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
 652         return retiring;
 653 }
 654
 655 static double td_fe_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 656 {
 657         double fe_bound = 0;
 658         double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 659         double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 660                                             ctx, cpu);
 661
 662         if (total_slots)
 663                 fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
 664         return fe_bound;
 665 }
 666
 667 static double td_be_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 668 {
 669         double sum = (td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st) +
 670                       td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st) +
 671                       td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st));
 672         if (sum == 0)
 673                 return 0;
 674         return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
 675 }
 676
 677 static void print_smi_cost(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 678                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 679                            struct runtime_stat *st)
 680 {
 681         double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
 682         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 683         const char *color = NULL;
 684
 685         smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu);
 686         aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu);
 687         cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 688
 689         if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
 690                 return;
 691
 692         if (smi_num)
 693                 cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
 694
 695         if (cost > 10)
 696                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 697         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
 698         out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
 699 }
 700
 701 static void generic_metric(const char *metric_expr,
 702                            struct perf_evsel **metric_events,
 703                            char *name,
 704                            const char *metric_name,
 705                            double avg,
 706                            int cpu,
 707                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 708                            struct runtime_stat *st)
 709 {
 710         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 711         struct parse_ctx pctx;
 712         double ratio;
 713         int i;
 714         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 715
 716         expr__ctx_init(&pctx);
 717         expr__add_id(&pctx, name, avg);
 718         for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
 719                 struct saved_value *v;
 720                 struct stats *stats;
 721                 double scale;
 722
 723                 if (!strcmp(metric_events[i]->name, "duration_time")) {
 724                         stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
 725                         scale = 1e-9;
 726                 } else {
 727                         v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], cpu, false,
 728                                                STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 729                         if (!v)
 730                                 break;
 731                         stats = &v->stats;
 732                         scale = 1.0;
 733                 }
 734                 expr__add_id(&pctx, metric_events[i]->name, avg_stats(stats)*scale);
 735         }
 736         if (!metric_events[i]) {
 737                 const char *p = metric_expr;
 738
 739                 if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, &p) == 0)
 740                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 741                                 metric_name ?
 742                                 metric_name :
 743                                 out->force_header ?  name : "",
 744                                 ratio);
 745                 else
 746                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 747                                      out->force_header ?
 748                                      (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 749         } else
 750                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
 751 }
 752
 753 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 754                                    double avg, int cpu,
 755                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 756                                    struct rblist *metric_events,
 757                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 758 {
 759         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 760         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 761         double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 762         const char *color = NULL;
 763         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 764         struct metric_event *me;
 765         int num = 1;
 766
 767         if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 768                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 769
 770                 if (total) {
 771                         ratio = avg / total;
 772                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 773                                         "insn per cycle", ratio);
 774                 } else {
 775                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
 776                 }
 777
 778                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 779                                          ctx, cpu);
 780
 781                 total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
 782                                                     STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 783                                                     ctx, cpu));
 784
 785                 if (total && avg) {
 786                         out->new_line(ctxp);
 787                         ratio = total / avg;
 788                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 789                                         "stalled cycles per insn",
 790                                         ratio);
 791                 } else if (have_frontend_stalled) {
 792                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 793                                      "stalled cycles per insn", 0);
 794                 }
 795         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
 796                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 797                         print_branch_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 798                 else
 799                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
 800         } else if (
 801                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 802                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
 803                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 804                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 805
 806                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 807                         print_l1_dcache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 808                 else
 809                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache hits", 0);
 810         } else if (
 811                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 812                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
 813                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 814                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 815
 816                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 817                         print_l1_icache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 818                 else
 819                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache hits", 0);
 820         } else if (
 821                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 822                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
 823                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 824                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 825
 826                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 827                         print_dtlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 828                 else
 829                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache hits", 0);
 830         } else if (
 831                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 832                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
 833                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 834                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 835
 836                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 837                         print_itlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 838                 else
 839                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache hits", 0);
 840         } else if (
 841                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 842                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
 843                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 844                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 845
 846                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 847                         print_ll_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 848                 else
 849                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache hits", 0);
 850         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
 851                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu);
 852
 853                 if (total)
 854                         ratio = avg * 100 / total;
 855
 856                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 857                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
 858                                      "of all cache refs", ratio);
 859                 else
 860                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
 861         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
 862                 print_stalled_cycles_frontend(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 863         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
 864                 print_stalled_cycles_backend(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 865         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
 866                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
 867
 868                 if (total) {
 869                         ratio = avg / total;
 870                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
 871                 } else {
 872                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
 873                 }
 874         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
 875                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 876
 877                 if (total)
 878                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL,
 879                                         "%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
 880                                         100.0 * (avg / total));
 881                 else
 882                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
 883                                      0);
 884         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
 885                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 886                 total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu);
 887
 888                 if (total2 < avg)
 889                         total2 = avg;
 890                 if (total)
 891                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
 892                                 100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
 893                 else
 894                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
 895         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
 896                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
 897                                          ctx, cpu);
 898
 899                 if (avg)
 900                         ratio = total / avg;
 901
 902                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 903                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
 904                                      "cycles / transaction", ratio);
 905                 else
 906                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
 907                                       0);
 908         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
 909                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
 910                                          ctx, cpu);
 911
 912                 if (avg)
 913                         ratio = total / avg;
 914
 915                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
 916         } else if (perf_evsel__is_clock(evsel)) {
 917                 if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
 918                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
 919                                      avg / (ratio * evsel->scale));
 920                 else
 921                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
 922         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
 923                 double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
 924
 925                 if (fe_bound > 0.2)
 926                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 927                 print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
 928                                 fe_bound * 100.);
 929         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
 930                 double retiring = td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st);
 931
 932                 if (retiring > 0.7)
 933                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
 934                 print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
 935                                 retiring * 100.);
 936         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
 937                 double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st);
 938
 939                 if (bad_spec > 0.1)
 940                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 941                 print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
 942                                 bad_spec * 100.);
 943         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
 944                 double be_bound = td_be_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
 945                 const char *name = "backend bound";
 946                 static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
 947
 948                 /* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
 949                 if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
 950                         have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
 951                                         "topdown-recovery-bubbles");
 952                 if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
 953                         name = "backend bound/bad spec";
 954
 955                 if (be_bound > 0.2)
 956                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 957                 if (td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st) > 0)
 958                         print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
 959                                         be_bound * 100.);
 960                 else
 961                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
 962         } else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
 963                 generic_metric(evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, evsel->name,
 964                                 evsel->metric_name, avg, cpu, out, st);
 965         } else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu) != 0) {
 966                 char unit = 'M';
 967                 char unit_buf[10];
 968
 969                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
 970
 971                 if (total)
 972                         ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
 973                 if (ratio < 0.001) {
 974                         ratio *= 1000;
 975                         unit = 'K';
 976                 }
 977                 snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
 978                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
 979         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
 980                 print_smi_cost(cpu, evsel, out, st);
 981         } else {
 982                 num = 0;
 983         }
 984
 985         if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
 986                 struct metric_expr *mexp;
 987
 988                 list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
 989                         if (num++ > 0)
 990                                 out->new_line(ctxp);
 991                         generic_metric(mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
 992                                         evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
 993                                         avg, cpu, out, st);
 994                 }
 995         }
 996         if (num == 0)
 997                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
 998 }