tools/perf/util/stat-shadow.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2 #include <stdio.h>
   3 #include "evsel.h"
   4 #include "stat.h"
   5 #include "color.h"
   6 #include "pmu.h"
   7 #include "rblist.h"
   8 #include "evlist.h"
   9 #include "expr.h"
  10 #include "metricgroup.h"
  11
  12 enum {
  13         CTX_BIT_USER    = 1 << 0,
  14         CTX_BIT_KERNEL  = 1 << 1,
  15         CTX_BIT_HV      = 1 << 2,
  16         CTX_BIT_HOST    = 1 << 3,
  17         CTX_BIT_IDLE    = 1 << 4,
  18         CTX_BIT_MAX     = 1 << 5,
  19 };
  20
  21 #define NUM_CTX CTX_BIT_MAX
  22
  23 /*
  24  * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
  25  * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
  26  * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
  27  * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
  28  * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
  29  */
  30 static struct stats runtime_nsecs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
  31 static struct stats runtime_cycles_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  32 static struct stats runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  33 static struct stats runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  34 static struct stats runtime_branches_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  35 static struct stats runtime_cacherefs_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  36 static struct stats runtime_l1_dcache_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  37 static struct stats runtime_l1_icache_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  38 static struct stats runtime_ll_cache_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  39 static struct stats runtime_itlb_cache_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  40 static struct stats runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  41 static struct stats runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  42 static struct stats runtime_transaction_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  43 static struct stats runtime_elision_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  44 static struct stats runtime_topdown_total_slots[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  45 static struct stats runtime_topdown_slots_issued[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  46 static struct stats runtime_topdown_slots_retired[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  47 static struct stats runtime_topdown_fetch_bubbles[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  48 static struct stats runtime_topdown_recovery_bubbles[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  49 static struct stats runtime_smi_num_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  50 static struct stats runtime_aperf_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
  51 static struct rblist runtime_saved_values;
  52 static bool have_frontend_stalled;
  53
  54 struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
  55
  56 struct saved_value {
  57         struct rb_node rb_node;
  58         struct perf_evsel *evsel;
  59         int cpu;
  60         struct stats stats;
  61 };
  62
  63 static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
  64 {
  65         struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
  66                                              struct saved_value,
  67                                              rb_node);
  68         const struct saved_value *b = entry;
  69
  70         if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
  71                 return a->cpu - b->cpu;
  72         if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
  73                 return 0;
  74         if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
  75                 return -1;
  76         return +1;
  77 }
  78
  79 static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  80                                      const void *entry)
  81 {
  82         struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
  83
  84         if (!nd)
  85                 return NULL;
  86         memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
  87         return &nd->rb_node;
  88 }
  89
  90 static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
  91                                               int cpu,
  92                                               bool create)
  93 {
  94         struct rb_node *nd;
  95         struct saved_value dm = {
  96                 .cpu = cpu,
  97                 .evsel = evsel,
  98         };
  99         nd = rblist__find(&runtime_saved_values, &dm);
 100         if (nd)
 101                 return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 102         if (create) {
 103                 rblist__add_node(&runtime_saved_values, &dm);
 104                 nd = rblist__find(&runtime_saved_values, &dm);
 105                 if (nd)
 106                         return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 107         }
 108         return NULL;
 109 }
 110
 111 void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
 112 {
 113         have_frontend_stalled = pmu_have_event("cpu", "stalled-cycles-frontend");
 114         rblist__init(&runtime_saved_values);
 115         runtime_saved_values.node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
 116         runtime_saved_values.node_new = saved_value_new;
 117         /* No delete for now */
 118 }
 119
 120 static int evsel_context(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
 121 {
 122         int ctx = 0;
 123
 124         if (evsel->attr.exclude_kernel)
 125                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
 126         if (evsel->attr.exclude_user)
 127                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
 128         if (evsel->attr.exclude_hv)
 129                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
 130         if (evsel->attr.exclude_host)
 131                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
 132         if (evsel->attr.exclude_idle)
 133                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
 134
 135         return ctx;
 136 }
 137
 138 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
 139 {
 140         struct rb_node *pos, *next;
 141
 142         memset(runtime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_nsecs_stats));
 143         memset(runtime_cycles_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_cycles_stats));
 144         memset(runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats));
 145         memset(runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats));
 146         memset(runtime_branches_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_branches_stats));
 147         memset(runtime_cacherefs_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_cacherefs_stats));
 148         memset(runtime_l1_dcache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_l1_dcache_stats));
 149         memset(runtime_l1_icache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_l1_icache_stats));
 150         memset(runtime_ll_cache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_ll_cache_stats));
 151         memset(runtime_itlb_cache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_itlb_cache_stats));
 152         memset(runtime_dtlb_cache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_dtlb_cache_stats));
 153         memset(runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats, 0,
 154                         sizeof(runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats));
 155         memset(runtime_transaction_stats, 0,
 156                 sizeof(runtime_transaction_stats));
 157         memset(runtime_elision_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_elision_stats));
 158         memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 159         memset(runtime_topdown_total_slots, 0, sizeof(runtime_topdown_total_slots));
 160         memset(runtime_topdown_slots_retired, 0, sizeof(runtime_topdown_slots_retired));
 161         memset(runtime_topdown_slots_issued, 0, sizeof(runtime_topdown_slots_issued));
 162         memset(runtime_topdown_fetch_bubbles, 0, sizeof(runtime_topdown_fetch_bubbles));
 163         memset(runtime_topdown_recovery_bubbles, 0, sizeof(runtime_topdown_recovery_bubbles));
 164         memset(runtime_smi_num_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_smi_num_stats));
 165         memset(runtime_aperf_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_aperf_stats));
 166
 167         next = rb_first(&runtime_saved_values.entries);
 168         while (next) {
 169                 pos = next;
 170                 next = rb_next(pos);
 171                 memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
 172                        0,
 173                        sizeof(struct stats));
 174         }
 175 }
 176
 177 /*
 178  * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
 179  * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
 180  * instruction rates, etc:
 181  */
 182 void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *counter, u64 count,
 183                                     int cpu)
 184 {
 185         int ctx = evsel_context(counter);
 186
 187         count *= counter->scale;
 188
 189         if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK) ||
 190             perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK))
 191                 update_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu], count);
 192         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 193                 update_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 194         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
 195                 update_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 196         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
 197                 update_stats(&runtime_transaction_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 198         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
 199                 update_stats(&runtime_elision_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 200         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
 201                 update_stats(&runtime_topdown_total_slots[ctx][cpu], count);
 202         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
 203                 update_stats(&runtime_topdown_slots_issued[ctx][cpu], count);
 204         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
 205                 update_stats(&runtime_topdown_slots_retired[ctx][cpu], count);
 206         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
 207                 update_stats(&runtime_topdown_fetch_bubbles[ctx][cpu], count);
 208         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
 209                 update_stats(&runtime_topdown_recovery_bubbles[ctx][cpu], count);
 210         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 211                 update_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 212         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
 213                 update_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 214         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 215                 update_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 216         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 217                 update_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 218         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
 219                 update_stats(&runtime_l1_dcache_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 220         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
 221                 update_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 222         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
 223                 update_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 224         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
 225                 update_stats(&runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 226         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
 227                 update_stats(&runtime_itlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 228         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
 229                 update_stats(&runtime_smi_num_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 230         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
 231                 update_stats(&runtime_aperf_stats[ctx][cpu], count);
 232
 233         if (counter->collect_stat) {
 234                 struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, true);
 235                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 236         }
 237 }
 238
 239 /* used for get_ratio_color() */
 240 enum grc_type {
 241         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
 242         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
 243         GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
 244         GRC_MAX_NR
 245 };
 246
 247 static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
 248 {
 249         static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
 250                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
 251                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
 252                 [GRC_CACHE_MISSES]      = { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
 253         };
 254         const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
 255
 256         if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
 257                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 258         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
 259                 color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
 260         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
 261                 color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
 262
 263         return color;
 264 }
 265
 266 static struct perf_evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list,
 267                                                 const char *name)
 268 {
 269         struct perf_evsel *c2;
 270
 271         evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
 272                 if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name))
 273                         return c2;
 274         }
 275         return NULL;
 276 }
 277
 278 /* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
 279 void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list)
 280 {
 281         struct perf_evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
 282         bool found;
 283         const char **metric_names;
 284         int i;
 285         int num_metric_names;
 286
 287         evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
 288                 bool invalid = false;
 289
 290                 leader = counter->leader;
 291                 if (!counter->metric_expr)
 292                         continue;
 293                 metric_events = counter->metric_events;
 294                 if (!metric_events) {
 295                         if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr, counter->name,
 296                                                 &metric_names, &num_metric_names) < 0)
 297                                 continue;
 298
 299                         metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct perf_evsel *),
 300                                                num_metric_names + 1);
 301                         if (!metric_events)
 302                                 return;
 303                         counter->metric_events = metric_events;
 304                 }
 305
 306                 for (i = 0; i < num_metric_names; i++) {
 307                         found = false;
 308                         if (leader) {
 309                                 /* Search in group */
 310                                 for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
 311                                         if (!strcasecmp(oc->name, metric_names[i])) {
 312                                                 found = true;
 313                                                 break;
 314                                         }
 315                                 }
 316                         }
 317                         if (!found) {
 318                                 /* Search ignoring groups */
 319                                 oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list, metric_names[i]);
 320                         }
 321                         if (!oc) {
 322                                 /* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
 323                                 static char *printed;
 324
 325                                 /*
 326                                  * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
 327                                  * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
 328                                  * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
 329                                  * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
 330                                  * events.
 331                                  */
 332                                 if (!printed || strcasecmp(printed, metric_names[i])) {
 333                                         fprintf(stderr,
 334                                                 "Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
 335                                                 metric_names[i],
 336                                                 counter->name);
 337                                         printed = strdup(metric_names[i]);
 338                                 }
 339                                 invalid = true;
 340                                 continue;
 341                         }
 342                         metric_events[i] = oc;
 343                         oc->collect_stat = true;
 344                 }
 345                 metric_events[i] = NULL;
 346                 free(metric_names);
 347                 if (invalid) {
 348                         free(metric_events);
 349                         counter->metric_events = NULL;
 350                         counter->metric_expr = NULL;
 351                 }
 352         }
 353 }
 354
 355 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(int cpu,
 356                                           struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
 357                                           struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
 358 {
 359         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 360         const char *color;
 361         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 362
 363         total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 364
 365         if (total)
 366                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 367
 368         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
 369
 370         if (ratio)
 371                 out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
 372                                   ratio);
 373         else
 374                 out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
 375 }
 376
 377 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(int cpu,
 378                                          struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
 379                                          struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
 380 {
 381         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 382         const char *color;
 383         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 384
 385         total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 386
 387         if (total)
 388                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 389
 390         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
 391
 392         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
 393 }
 394
 395 static void print_branch_misses(int cpu,
 396                                 struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 397                                 double avg,
 398                                 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
 399 {
 400         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 401         const char *color;
 402         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 403
 404         total = avg_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 405
 406         if (total)
 407                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 408
 409         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 410
 411         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
 412 }
 413
 414 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(int cpu,
 415                                    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 416                                    double avg,
 417                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
 418 {
 419         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 420         const char *color;
 421         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 422
 423         total = avg_stats(&runtime_l1_dcache_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 424
 425         if (total)
 426                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 427
 428         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 429
 430         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache hits", ratio);
 431 }
 432
 433 static void print_l1_icache_misses(int cpu,
 434                                    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 435                                    double avg,
 436                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
 437 {
 438         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 439         const char *color;
 440         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 441
 442         total = avg_stats(&runtime_l1_icache_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 443
 444         if (total)
 445                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 446
 447         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 448         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache hits", ratio);
 449 }
 450
 451 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
 452                                     struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 453                                     double avg,
 454                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
 455 {
 456         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 457         const char *color;
 458         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 459
 460         total = avg_stats(&runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 461
 462         if (total)
 463                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 464
 465         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 466         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache hits", ratio);
 467 }
 468
 469 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
 470                                     struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 471                                     double avg,
 472                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
 473 {
 474         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 475         const char *color;
 476         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 477
 478         total = avg_stats(&runtime_itlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 479
 480         if (total)
 481                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 482
 483         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 484         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache hits", ratio);
 485 }
 486
 487 static void print_ll_cache_misses(int cpu,
 488                                   struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 489                                   double avg,
 490                                   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
 491 {
 492         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 493         const char *color;
 494         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 495
 496         total = avg_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 497
 498         if (total)
 499                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 500
 501         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 502         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache hits", ratio);
 503 }
 504
 505 /*
 506  * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
 507  *
 508  * Basic concept following
 509  * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
 510  * ISPASS14
 511  *
 512  * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
 513  *
 514  * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
 515  * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
 516  * (for example branch mispredictions)
 517  * Frontend is instruction decoding.
 518  * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
 519  * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
 520  *
 521  * The formulas are computed in slots.
 522  * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
 523  * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
 524  *
 525  * Formulas:
 526  * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
 527  *                      TotalSlots
 528  * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
 529  * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
 530  * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
 531  *
 532  * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
 533  * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
 534  *
 535  * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
 536  *
 537  * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
 538  *
 539  * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
 540  * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
 541  *
 542  * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
 543  * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
 544  * support Level 1 TopDown.
 545  */
 546
 547 static double sanitize_val(double x)
 548 {
 549         if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
 550                 return 0.0;
 551         return x;
 552 }
 553
 554 static double td_total_slots(int ctx, int cpu)
 555 {
 556         return avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_total_slots[ctx][cpu]);
 557 }
 558
 559 static double td_bad_spec(int ctx, int cpu)
 560 {
 561         double bad_spec = 0;
 562         double total_slots;
 563         double total;
 564
 565         total = avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_slots_issued[ctx][cpu]) -
 566                 avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_slots_retired[ctx][cpu]) +
 567                 avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_recovery_bubbles[ctx][cpu]);
 568         total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu);
 569         if (total_slots)
 570                 bad_spec = total / total_slots;
 571         return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
 572 }
 573
 574 static double td_retiring(int ctx, int cpu)
 575 {
 576         double retiring = 0;
 577         double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu);
 578         double ret_slots = avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_slots_retired[ctx][cpu]);
 579
 580         if (total_slots)
 581                 retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
 582         return retiring;
 583 }
 584
 585 static double td_fe_bound(int ctx, int cpu)
 586 {
 587         double fe_bound = 0;
 588         double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu);
 589         double fetch_bub = avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_fetch_bubbles[ctx][cpu]);
 590
 591         if (total_slots)
 592                 fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
 593         return fe_bound;
 594 }
 595
 596 static double td_be_bound(int ctx, int cpu)
 597 {
 598         double sum = (td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu) +
 599                       td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu) +
 600                       td_retiring(ctx, cpu));
 601         if (sum == 0)
 602                 return 0;
 603         return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
 604 }
 605
 606 static void print_smi_cost(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 607                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
 608 {
 609         double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
 610         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 611         const char *color = NULL;
 612
 613         smi_num = avg_stats(&runtime_smi_num_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 614         aperf = avg_stats(&runtime_aperf_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 615         cycles = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 616
 617         if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
 618                 return;
 619
 620         if (smi_num)
 621                 cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
 622
 623         if (cost > 10)
 624                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 625         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
 626         out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
 627 }
 628
 629 static void generic_metric(const char *metric_expr,
 630                            struct perf_evsel **metric_events,
 631                            char *name,
 632                            const char *metric_name,
 633                            double avg,
 634                            int cpu,
 635                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
 636 {
 637         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 638         struct parse_ctx pctx;
 639         double ratio;
 640         int i;
 641         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 642
 643         expr__ctx_init(&pctx);
 644         expr__add_id(&pctx, name, avg);
 645         for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
 646                 struct saved_value *v;
 647                 struct stats *stats;
 648                 double scale;
 649
 650                 if (!strcmp(metric_events[i]->name, "duration_time")) {
 651                         stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
 652                         scale = 1e-9;
 653                 } else {
 654                         v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], cpu, false);
 655                         if (!v)
 656                                 break;
 657                         stats = &v->stats;
 658                         scale = 1.0;
 659                 }
 660                 expr__add_id(&pctx, metric_events[i]->name, avg_stats(stats)*scale);
 661         }
 662         if (!metric_events[i]) {
 663                 const char *p = metric_expr;
 664
 665                 if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, &p) == 0)
 666                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 667                                 metric_name ?
 668                                 metric_name :
 669                                 out->force_header ?  name : "",
 670                                 ratio);
 671                 else
 672                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 673                                      out->force_header ?
 674                                      (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 675         } else
 676                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
 677 }
 678
 679 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 680                                    double avg, int cpu,
 681                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 682                                    struct rblist *metric_events)
 683 {
 684         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 685         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 686         double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 687         const char *color = NULL;
 688         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 689         struct metric_event *me;
 690         int num = 1;
 691
 692         if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 693                 total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 694                 if (total) {
 695                         ratio = avg / total;
 696                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 697                                         "insn per cycle", ratio);
 698                 } else {
 699                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
 700                 }
 701                 total = avg_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 702                 total = max(total, avg_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[ctx][cpu]));
 703
 704                 if (total && avg) {
 705                         out->new_line(ctxp);
 706                         ratio = total / avg;
 707                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 708                                         "stalled cycles per insn",
 709                                         ratio);
 710                 } else if (have_frontend_stalled) {
 711                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 712                                      "stalled cycles per insn", 0);
 713                 }
 714         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
 715                 if (runtime_branches_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
 716                         print_branch_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
 717                 else
 718                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
 719         } else if (
 720                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 721                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
 722                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 723                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 724                 if (runtime_l1_dcache_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
 725                         print_l1_dcache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
 726                 else
 727                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache hits", 0);
 728         } else if (
 729                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 730                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
 731                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 732                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 733                 if (runtime_l1_icache_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
 734                         print_l1_icache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
 735                 else
 736                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache hits", 0);
 737         } else if (
 738                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 739                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
 740                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 741                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 742                 if (runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
 743                         print_dtlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
 744                 else
 745                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache hits", 0);
 746         } else if (
 747                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 748                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
 749                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 750                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 751                 if (runtime_itlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
 752                         print_itlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
 753                 else
 754                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache hits", 0);
 755         } else if (
 756                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 757                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
 758                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 759                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 760                 if (runtime_ll_cache_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
 761                         print_ll_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
 762                 else
 763                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache hits", 0);
 764         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
 765                 total = avg_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 766
 767                 if (total)
 768                         ratio = avg * 100 / total;
 769
 770                 if (runtime_cacherefs_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
 771                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
 772                                      "of all cache refs", ratio);
 773                 else
 774                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
 775         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
 776                 print_stalled_cycles_frontend(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
 777         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
 778                 print_stalled_cycles_backend(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
 779         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
 780                 total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);
 781
 782                 if (total) {
 783                         ratio = avg / total;
 784                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
 785                 } else {
 786                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
 787                 }
 788         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
 789                 total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 790                 if (total)
 791                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL,
 792                                         "%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
 793                                         100.0 * (avg / total));
 794                 else
 795                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
 796                                      0);
 797         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
 798                 total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 799                 total2 = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 800                 if (total2 < avg)
 801                         total2 = avg;
 802                 if (total)
 803                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
 804                                 100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
 805                 else
 806                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
 807         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
 808                 total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 809
 810                 if (avg)
 811                         ratio = total / avg;
 812
 813                 if (runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
 814                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
 815                                      "cycles / transaction", ratio);
 816                 else
 817                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
 818                                      0);
 819         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
 820                 total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[ctx][cpu]);
 821
 822                 if (avg)
 823                         ratio = total / avg;
 824
 825                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
 826         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK) ||
 827                    perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK)) {
 828                 if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
 829                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
 830                                      avg / ratio);
 831                 else
 832                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
 833         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
 834                 double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu);
 835
 836                 if (fe_bound > 0.2)
 837                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 838                 print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
 839                                 fe_bound * 100.);
 840         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
 841                 double retiring = td_retiring(ctx, cpu);
 842
 843                 if (retiring > 0.7)
 844                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
 845                 print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
 846                                 retiring * 100.);
 847         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
 848                 double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu);
 849
 850                 if (bad_spec > 0.1)
 851                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 852                 print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
 853                                 bad_spec * 100.);
 854         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
 855                 double be_bound = td_be_bound(ctx, cpu);
 856                 const char *name = "backend bound";
 857                 static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
 858
 859                 /* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
 860                 if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
 861                         have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
 862                                         "topdown-recovery-bubbles");
 863                 if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
 864                         name = "backend bound/bad spec";
 865
 866                 if (be_bound > 0.2)
 867                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 868                 if (td_total_slots(ctx, cpu) > 0)
 869                         print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
 870                                         be_bound * 100.);
 871                 else
 872                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
 873         } else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
 874                 generic_metric(evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, evsel->name,
 875                                 evsel->metric_name, avg, cpu, out);
 876         } else if (runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
 877                 char unit = 'M';
 878                 char unit_buf[10];
 879
 880                 total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);
 881
 882                 if (total)
 883                         ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
 884                 if (ratio < 0.001) {
 885                         ratio *= 1000;
 886                         unit = 'K';
 887                 }
 888                 snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
 889                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
 890         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
 891                 print_smi_cost(cpu, evsel, out);
 892         } else {
 893                 num = 0;
 894         }
 895
 896         if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
 897                 struct metric_expr *mexp;
 898
 899                 list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
 900                         if (num++ > 0)
 901                                 out->new_line(ctxp);
 902                         generic_metric(mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
 903                                         evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
 904                                         avg, cpu, out);
 905                 }
 906         }
 907         if (num == 0)
 908                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
 909 }