4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 tool for inspection and simple manipulation of eBPF progs
6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13 **bpftool** [*OPTIONS*] **prog** *COMMAND*
15 *OPTIONS* := { { **-j** | **--json** } [{ **-p** | **--pretty** }] | { **-f** | **--bpffs** } }
18 { **show** | **list** | **dump xlated** | **dump jited** | **pin** | **load**
19 | **loadall** | **help** }
24 | **bpftool** **prog { show | list }** [*PROG*]
25 | **bpftool** **prog dump xlated** *PROG* [{**file** *FILE* | **opcodes** | **visual** | **linum**}]
26 | **bpftool** **prog dump jited** *PROG* [{**file** *FILE* | **opcodes** | **linum**}]
27 | **bpftool** **prog pin** *PROG* *FILE*
28 | **bpftool** **prog { load | loadall }** *OBJ* *PATH* [**type** *TYPE*] [**map** {**idx** *IDX* | **name** *NAME*} *MAP*] [**dev** *NAME*] [**pinmaps** *MAP_DIR*]
29 | **bpftool** **prog attach** *PROG* *ATTACH_TYPE* [*MAP*]
30 | **bpftool** **prog detach** *PROG* *ATTACH_TYPE* [*MAP*]
31 | **bpftool** **prog tracelog**
32 | **bpftool** **prog help**
34 | *MAP* := { **id** *MAP_ID* | **pinned** *FILE* }
35 | *PROG* := { **id** *PROG_ID* | **pinned** *FILE* | **tag** *PROG_TAG* }
37 | **socket** | **kprobe** | **kretprobe** | **classifier** | **action** |
38 | **tracepoint** | **raw_tracepoint** | **xdp** | **perf_event** | **cgroup/skb** |
39 | **cgroup/sock** | **cgroup/dev** | **lwt_in** | **lwt_out** | **lwt_xmit** |
40 | **lwt_seg6local** | **sockops** | **sk_skb** | **sk_msg** | **lirc_mode2** |
41 | **cgroup/bind4** | **cgroup/bind6** | **cgroup/post_bind4** | **cgroup/post_bind6** |
42 | **cgroup/connect4** | **cgroup/connect6** | **cgroup/sendmsg4** | **cgroup/sendmsg6**
45 | **msg_verdict** | **stream_verdict** | **stream_parser** | **flow_dissector**
51 **bpftool prog { show | list }** [*PROG*]
52 Show information about loaded programs. If *PROG* is
53 specified show information only about given program, otherwise
54 list all programs currently loaded on the system.
56 Output will start with program ID followed by program type and
57 zero or more named attributes (depending on kernel version).
59 Since Linux 5.1 the kernel can collect statistics on BPF
60 programs (such as the total time spent running the program,
61 and the number of times it was run). If available, bpftool
62 shows such statistics. However, the kernel does not collect
63 them by defaults, as it slightly impacts performance on each
64 program run. Activation or deactivation of the feature is
65 performed via the **kernel.bpf_stats_enabled** sysctl knob.
67 **bpftool prog dump xlated** *PROG* [{ **file** *FILE* | **opcodes** | **visual** | **linum** }]
68 Dump eBPF instructions of the program from the kernel. By
69 default, eBPF will be disassembled and printed to standard
70 output in human-readable format. In this case, **opcodes**
71 controls if raw opcodes should be printed as well.
73 If **file** is specified, the binary image will instead be
76 If **visual** is specified, control flow graph (CFG) will be
77 built instead, and eBPF instructions will be presented with
78 CFG in DOT format, on standard output.
80 If the prog has line_info available, the source line will
81 be displayed by default. If **linum** is specified,
82 the filename, line number and line column will also be
83 displayed on top of the source line.
85 **bpftool prog dump jited** *PROG* [{ **file** *FILE* | **opcodes** | **linum** }]
86 Dump jited image (host machine code) of the program.
87 If *FILE* is specified image will be written to a file,
88 otherwise it will be disassembled and printed to stdout.
90 **opcodes** controls if raw opcodes will be printed.
92 If the prog has line_info available, the source line will
93 be displayed by default. If **linum** is specified,
94 the filename, line number and line column will also be
95 displayed on top of the source line.
97 **bpftool prog pin** *PROG* *FILE*
98 Pin program *PROG* as *FILE*.
100 Note: *FILE* must be located in *bpffs* mount. It must not
101 contain a dot character ('.'), which is reserved for future
102 extensions of *bpffs*.
104 **bpftool prog { load | loadall }** *OBJ* *PATH* [**type** *TYPE*] [**map** {**idx** *IDX* | **name** *NAME*} *MAP*] [**dev** *NAME*] [**pinmaps** *MAP_DIR*]
105 Load bpf program(s) from binary *OBJ* and pin as *PATH*.
106 **bpftool prog load** pins only the first program from the
107 *OBJ* as *PATH*. **bpftool prog loadall** pins all programs
108 from the *OBJ* under *PATH* directory.
109 **type** is optional, if not specified program type will be
110 inferred from section names.
111 By default bpftool will create new maps as declared in the ELF
112 object being loaded. **map** parameter allows for the reuse
113 of existing maps. It can be specified multiple times, each
114 time for a different map. *IDX* refers to index of the map
115 to be replaced in the ELF file counting from 0, while *NAME*
116 allows to replace a map by name. *MAP* specifies the map to
117 use, referring to it by **id** or through a **pinned** file.
118 If **dev** *NAME* is specified program will be loaded onto
119 given networking device (offload).
120 Optional **pinmaps** argument can be provided to pin all
121 maps under *MAP_DIR* directory.
123 Note: *PATH* must be located in *bpffs* mount. It must not
124 contain a dot character ('.'), which is reserved for future
125 extensions of *bpffs*.
127 **bpftool prog attach** *PROG* *ATTACH_TYPE* [*MAP*]
128 Attach bpf program *PROG* (with type specified by
129 *ATTACH_TYPE*). Most *ATTACH_TYPEs* require a *MAP*
130 parameter, with the exception of *flow_dissector* which is
131 attached to current networking name space.
133 **bpftool prog detach** *PROG* *ATTACH_TYPE* [*MAP*]
134 Detach bpf program *PROG* (with type specified by
135 *ATTACH_TYPE*). Most *ATTACH_TYPEs* require a *MAP*
136 parameter, with the exception of *flow_dissector* which is
137 detached from the current networking name space.
139 **bpftool prog tracelog**
140 Dump the trace pipe of the system to the console (stdout).
141 Hit <Ctrl+C> to stop printing. BPF programs can write to this
142 trace pipe at runtime with the **bpf_trace_printk()** helper.
143 This should be used only for debugging purposes. For
144 streaming data from BPF programs to user space, one can use
145 perf events (see also **bpftool-map**\ (8)).
147 **bpftool prog help**
148 Print short help message.
153 Print short generic help message (similar to **bpftool help**).
156 Print version number (similar to **bpftool version**).
159 Generate JSON output. For commands that cannot produce JSON, this
160 option has no effect.
163 Generate human-readable JSON output. Implies **-j**.
166 When showing BPF programs, show file names of pinned
170 Allow loading maps with unknown map definitions.
173 Do not automatically attempt to mount any virtual file system
174 (such as tracefs or BPF virtual file system) when necessary.
178 **# bpftool prog show**
182 10: xdp name some_prog tag 005a3d2123620c8b gpl run_time_ns 81632 run_cnt 10
183 loaded_at 2017-09-29T20:11:00+0000 uid 0
184 xlated 528B jited 370B memlock 4096B map_ids 10
186 **# bpftool --json --pretty prog show**
193 "tag": "005a3d2123620c8b",
194 "gpl_compatible": true,
195 "run_time_ns": 81632,
197 "loaded_at": 1506715860,
202 "bytes_memlock": 4096,
209 | **# bpftool prog dump xlated id 10 file /tmp/t**
214 -rw------- 1 root root 560 Jul 22 01:42 /tmp/t
216 **# bpftool prog dump jited tag 005a3d2123620c8b**
224 4: mov %rbx,0x0(%rbp)
227 | **# mount -t bpf none /sys/fs/bpf/**
228 | **# bpftool prog pin id 10 /sys/fs/bpf/prog**
229 | **# bpftool prog load ./my_prog.o /sys/fs/bpf/prog2**
230 | **# ls -l /sys/fs/bpf/**
234 -rw------- 1 root root 0 Jul 22 01:43 prog
235 -rw------- 1 root root 0 Jul 22 01:44 prog2
237 **# bpftool prog dump jited pinned /sys/fs/bpf/prog opcodes**
249 f: mov %rbx,0x0(%rbp)
253 | **# bpftool prog load xdp1_kern.o /sys/fs/bpf/xdp1 type xdp map name rxcnt id 7**
254 | **# bpftool prog show pinned /sys/fs/bpf/xdp1**
258 9: xdp name xdp_prog1 tag 539ec6ce11b52f98 gpl
259 loaded_at 2018-06-25T16:17:31-0700 uid 0
260 xlated 488B jited 336B memlock 4096B map_ids 7
262 **# rm /sys/fs/bpf/xdp1**
267 **bpf-helpers**\ (7),
269 **bpftool-map**\ (8),
270 **bpftool-cgroup**\ (8),
271 **bpftool-feature**\ (8),
272 **bpftool-net**\ (8),
273 **bpftool-perf**\ (8)