scripts/checkpatch.pl

   1 #!/usr/bin/env perl
   2 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   3 #
   4 # (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   5 # (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   6 # (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   7 # (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   8 # (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
   9
  10 use strict;
  11 use warnings;
  12 use POSIX;
  13 use File::Basename;
  14 use Cwd 'abs_path';
  15 use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  16 use Encode qw(decode encode);
  17
  18 my $P = $0;
  19 my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  20
  21 my $V = '0.32';
  22
  23 use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  24
  25 my $quiet = 0;
  26 my $tree = 1;
  27 my $chk_signoff = 1;
  28 my $chk_patch = 1;
  29 my $tst_only;
  30 my $emacs = 0;
  31 my $terse = 0;
  32 my $showfile = 0;
  33 my $file = 0;
  34 my $git = 0;
  35 my %git_commits = ();
  36 my $check = 0;
  37 my $check_orig = 0;
  38 my $summary = 1;
  39 my $mailback = 0;
  40 my $summary_file = 0;
  41 my $show_types = 0;
  42 my $list_types = 0;
  43 my $fix = 0;
  44 my $fix_inplace = 0;
  45 my $root;
  46 my %debug;
  47 my %camelcase = ();
  48 my %use_type = ();
  49 my @use = ();
  50 my %ignore_type = ();
  51 my @ignore = ();
  52 my $help = 0;
  53 my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  54 my $max_line_length = 80;
  55 my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  56 my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  57 my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  58 my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  59 my $codespell = 0;
  60 my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  61 my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
  62 my $typedefsfile = "";
  63 my $color = "auto";
  64 my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
  65 # git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
  66 my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
  67 my $tabsize = 8;
  68
  69 sub help {
  70         my ($exitcode) = @_;
  71
  72         print << "EOM";
  73 Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  74 Version: $V
  75
  76 Options:
  77   -q, --quiet                quiet
  78   --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
  79   --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
  80   --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
  81   --emacs                    emacs compile window format
  82   --terse                    one line per report
  83   --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
  84   -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
  85                              single git commit with:
  86                                <rev>
  87                                <rev>^
  88                                <rev>~n
  89                              multiple git commits with:
  90                                <rev1>..<rev2>
  91                                <rev1>...<rev2>
  92                                <rev>-<count>
  93                              git merges are ignored
  94   -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
  95   --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
  96   --list-types               list the possible message types
  97   --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
  98   --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
  99   --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
 100   --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, if exceeded, warn
 101   --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
 102   --tab-size=n               set the number of spaces for tab (default 8)
 103   --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
 104   --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
 105   --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
 106   --summary-file             include the filename in summary
 107   --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
 108                              'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
 109                              is all off)
 110   --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 111                              literally
 112   --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 113                              If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 114                              "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 115                              with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 116                              checkpatch style
 117   --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 118                              Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 119                              file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 120   --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 121                              runtime errors.
 122   --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 123                              (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
 124   --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 125   --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
 126   --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
 127                              is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
 128   -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 129
 130 When FILE is - read standard input.
 131 EOM
 132
 133         exit($exitcode);
 134 }
 135
 136 sub uniq {
 137         my %seen;
 138         return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 139 }
 140
 141 sub list_types {
 142         my ($exitcode) = @_;
 143
 144         my $count = 0;
 145
 146         local $/ = undef;
 147
 148         open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 149             die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 150
 151         my $text = <$script>;
 152         close($script);
 153
 154         my @types = ();
 155         # Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
 156         for ($text =~ /(?:(?:\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
 157                 push (@types, $_);
 158         }
 159         @types = sort(uniq(@types));
 160         print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 161         foreach my $type (@types) {
 162                 print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 163         }
 164
 165         exit($exitcode);
 166 }
 167
 168 my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 169 if (-f $conf) {
 170         my @conf_args;
 171         open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 172             or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 173
 174         while (<$conffile>) {
 175                 my $line = $_;
 176
 177                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 178                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 179                 $line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 180
 181                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 182                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 183
 184                 my @words = split(" ", $line);
 185                 foreach my $word (@words) {
 186                         last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 187                         push (@conf_args, $word);
 188                 }
 189         }
 190         close($conffile);
 191         unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 192 }
 193
 194 # Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 195 # Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 196 foreach (@ARGV) {
 197         if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
 198                 $_ = "--color=$color";
 199         }
 200 }
 201
 202 GetOptions(
 203         'q|quiet+'      => \$quiet,
 204         'tree!'         => \$tree,
 205         'signoff!'      => \$chk_signoff,
 206         'patch!'        => \$chk_patch,
 207         'emacs!'        => \$emacs,
 208         'terse!'        => \$terse,
 209         'showfile!'     => \$showfile,
 210         'f|file!'       => \$file,
 211         'g|git!'        => \$git,
 212         'subjective!'   => \$check,
 213         'strict!'       => \$check,
 214         'ignore=s'      => \@ignore,
 215         'types=s'       => \@use,
 216         'show-types!'   => \$show_types,
 217         'list-types!'   => \$list_types,
 218         'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 219         'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 220         'tab-size=i'    => \$tabsize,
 221         'root=s'        => \$root,
 222         'summary!'      => \$summary,
 223         'mailback!'     => \$mailback,
 224         'summary-file!' => \$summary_file,
 225         'fix!'          => \$fix,
 226         'fix-inplace!'  => \$fix_inplace,
 227         'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 228         'debug=s'       => \%debug,
 229         'test-only=s'   => \$tst_only,
 230         'codespell!'    => \$codespell,
 231         'codespellfile=s'       => \$codespellfile,
 232         'typedefsfile=s'        => \$typedefsfile,
 233         'color=s'       => \$color,
 234         'no-color'      => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 235         'nocolor'       => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 236         'h|help'        => \$help,
 237         'version'       => \$help
 238 ) or help(1);
 239
 240 help(0) if ($help);
 241
 242 list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 243
 244 $fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 245 $check_orig = $check;
 246
 247 my $exit = 0;
 248
 249 my $perl_version_ok = 1;
 250 if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 251         $perl_version_ok = 0;
 252         printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 253         exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
 254 }
 255
 256 #if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
 257 if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 258         push(@ARGV, '-');
 259 }
 260
 261 if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
 262         $color = !$color;
 263 } elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
 264         $color = 1;
 265 } elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
 266         $color = 0;
 267 } elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
 268         $color = (-t STDOUT);
 269 } else {
 270         die "Invalid color mode: $color\n";
 271 }
 272
 273 # skip TAB size 1 to avoid additional checks on $tabsize - 1
 274 die "Invalid TAB size: $tabsize\n" if ($tabsize < 2);
 275
 276 sub hash_save_array_words {
 277         my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 278
 279         my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 280         foreach my $word (@array) {
 281                 $word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 282                 $word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 283                 $word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 284                 $word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 285
 286                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 287                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 288
 289                 $hashRef->{$word}++;
 290         }
 291 }
 292
 293 sub hash_show_words {
 294         my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 295
 296         if (keys %$hashRef) {
 297                 print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 298                 foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 299                         print " $word";
 300                 }
 301                 print "\n";
 302         }
 303 }
 304
 305 hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 306 hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 307
 308 my $dbg_values = 0;
 309 my $dbg_possible = 0;
 310 my $dbg_type = 0;
 311 my $dbg_attr = 0;
 312 for my $key (keys %debug) {
 313         ## no critic
 314         eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 315         die "$@" if ($@);
 316 }
 317
 318 my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 319
 320 if ($terse) {
 321         $emacs = 1;
 322         $quiet++;
 323 }
 324
 325 if ($tree) {
 326         if (defined $root) {
 327                 if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 328                         die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 329                 }
 330         } else {
 331                 if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 332                         $root = '.';
 333                 } elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 334                                                 top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 335                         $root = $1;
 336                 }
 337         }
 338
 339         if (!defined $root) {
 340                 print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 341                 exit(2);
 342         }
 343 }
 344
 345 my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 346
 347 our $Ident      = qr{
 348                         [A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 349                         (?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 350                 }x;
 351 our $Storage    = qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 352 our $Sparse     = qr{
 353                         __user|
 354                         __kernel|
 355                         __force|
 356                         __iomem|
 357                         __must_check|
 358                         __kprobes|
 359                         __ref|
 360                         __refconst|
 361                         __refdata|
 362                         __rcu|
 363                         __private
 364                 }x;
 365 our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 366 our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 367 our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 368 our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 369 our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 370
 371 # Notes to $Attribute:
 372 # We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 373 our $Attribute  = qr{
 374                         const|
 375                         __percpu|
 376                         __nocast|
 377                         __safe|
 378                         __bitwise|
 379                         __packed__|
 380                         __packed2__|
 381                         __naked|
 382                         __maybe_unused|
 383                         __always_unused|
 384                         __noreturn|
 385                         __used|
 386                         __cold|
 387                         __pure|
 388                         __noclone|
 389                         __deprecated|
 390                         __read_mostly|
 391                         __ro_after_init|
 392                         __kprobes|
 393                         $InitAttribute|
 394                         ____cacheline_aligned|
 395                         ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 396                         ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 397                         __weak
 398                   }x;
 399 our $Modifier;
 400 our $Inline     = qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 401 our $Member     = qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 402 our $Lval       = qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 403
 404 our $Int_type   = qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 405 our $Binary     = qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 406 our $Hex        = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 407 our $Int        = qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 408 our $Octal      = qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 409 our $String     = qr{"[X\t]*"};
 410 our $Float_hex  = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 411 our $Float_dec  = qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 412 our $Float_int  = qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 413 our $Float      = qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 414 our $Constant   = qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 415 our $Assignment = qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 416 our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 417 our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 418 our $Operators  = qr{
 419                         <=|>=|==|!=|
 420                         =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 421                         &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 422                   }x;
 423
 424 our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 425
 426 our $BasicType;
 427 our $NonptrType;
 428 our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 429 our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 430 our $Type;
 431 our $TypeMisordered;
 432 our $Declare;
 433 our $DeclareMisordered;
 434
 435 our $NON_ASCII_UTF8     = qr{
 436         [\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 437         |  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 438         | [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 439         |  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 440         |  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 441         | [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 442         |  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 443 }x;
 444
 445 our $UTF8       = qr{
 446         [\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 447         | $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 448 }x;
 449
 450 our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 451 our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 452         u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 453         u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 454 )};
 455 our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 456         (?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 457         atomic_t
 458 )};
 459 our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 460         $typeC99Typedefs\b|
 461         $typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 462         $typeKernelTypedefs\b
 463 )};
 464
 465 our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 466
 467 our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 468         printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
 469         (?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 470         TP_printk|
 471         WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 472         panic|
 473         MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 474         seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 475 )};
 476
 477 our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 478         (?:(?:devm_)?
 479                 (?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_node|_array)? |
 480                 kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 481                 kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 482         (?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:ip_align)? |
 483                                 # dev_alloc_skb/netdev_alloc_skb, et al
 484         dma_alloc_coherent
 485 )};
 486
 487 our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 488         Signed-off-by:|
 489         Co-developed-by:|
 490         Acked-by:|
 491         Tested-by:|
 492         Reviewed-by:|
 493         Reported-by:|
 494         Suggested-by:|
 495         To:|
 496         Cc:
 497 )};
 498
 499 our @typeListMisordered = (
 500         qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 501         qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 502         qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 503         qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 504         qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 505         qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 506         qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 507         qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 508         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 509         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 510         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 511         qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 512         qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 513         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 514         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 515         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 516 );
 517
 518 our @typeList = (
 519         qr{void},
 520         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 521         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 522         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 523         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 524         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 525         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 526         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 527         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 528         qr{(?:un)?signed},
 529         qr{float},
 530         qr{double},
 531         qr{bool},
 532         qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 533         qr{union\s+$Ident},
 534         qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 535         qr{${Ident}_t},
 536         qr{${Ident}_handler},
 537         qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 538         @typeListMisordered,
 539 );
 540
 541 our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 542         long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 543         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 544         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 545         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 546         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 547         int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 548         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 549
 550         long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 551         long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 552         long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 553         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 554         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 555         int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 556         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 557
 558         int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 559         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 560 )};
 561
 562 our @typeListFile = ();
 563 our @typeListWithAttr = (
 564         @typeList,
 565         qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 566         qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 567 );
 568
 569 our @modifierList = (
 570         qr{fastcall},
 571 );
 572 our @modifierListFile = ();
 573
 574 our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 575         ["module_param", 3],
 576         ["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 577         ["module_param_array_named", 5],
 578         ["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 579         ["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 580         ["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
 581         ["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
 582         ["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
 583         ["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
 584         ["__ATTR", 2],
 585 );
 586
 587 #Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 588 our $mode_perms_search = "";
 589 foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 590         $mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 591         $mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 592 }
 593 $mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
 594
 595 our %deprecated_apis = (
 596         "synchronize_rcu_bh"                    => "synchronize_rcu",
 597         "synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited"          => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 598         "call_rcu_bh"                           => "call_rcu",
 599         "rcu_barrier_bh"                        => "rcu_barrier",
 600         "synchronize_sched"                     => "synchronize_rcu",
 601         "synchronize_sched_expedited"           => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 602         "call_rcu_sched"                        => "call_rcu",
 603         "rcu_barrier_sched"                     => "rcu_barrier",
 604         "get_state_synchronize_sched"           => "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 605         "cond_synchronize_sched"                => "cond_synchronize_rcu",
 606 );
 607
 608 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 609 our $deprecated_apis_search = "";
 610 foreach my $entry (keys %deprecated_apis) {
 611         $deprecated_apis_search .= '|' if ($deprecated_apis_search ne "");
 612         $deprecated_apis_search .= $entry;
 613 }
 614 $deprecated_apis_search = "(?:${deprecated_apis_search})";
 615
 616 our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 617         S_IWUGO         |
 618         S_IWOTH         |
 619         S_IRWXUGO       |
 620         S_IALLUGO       |
 621         0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 622 }x;
 623
 624 our %mode_permission_string_types = (
 625         "S_IRWXU" => 0700,
 626         "S_IRUSR" => 0400,
 627         "S_IWUSR" => 0200,
 628         "S_IXUSR" => 0100,
 629         "S_IRWXG" => 0070,
 630         "S_IRGRP" => 0040,
 631         "S_IWGRP" => 0020,
 632         "S_IXGRP" => 0010,
 633         "S_IRWXO" => 0007,
 634         "S_IROTH" => 0004,
 635         "S_IWOTH" => 0002,
 636         "S_IXOTH" => 0001,
 637         "S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
 638         "S_IRUGO" => 0444,
 639         "S_IWUGO" => 0222,
 640         "S_IXUGO" => 0111,
 641 );
 642
 643 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 644 our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
 645 foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
 646         $mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
 647         $mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
 648 }
 649 our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
 650 our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
 651         ${single_mode_perms_string_search}
 652         (?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
 653 }x;
 654
 655 sub perms_to_octal {
 656         my ($string) = @_;
 657
 658         return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
 659
 660         my $val = "";
 661         my $oval = "";
 662         my $to = 0;
 663         my $curpos = 0;
 664         my $lastpos = 0;
 665         while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
 666                 $curpos = pos($string);
 667                 my $match = $2;
 668                 my $omatch = $1;
 669                 last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
 670                 $lastpos = $curpos;
 671                 $to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
 672                 $val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
 673                 $val .= $match;
 674                 $oval .= $omatch;
 675         }
 676         $oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
 677         $oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
 678         return sprintf("%04o", $to);
 679 }
 680
 681 our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 682         irq|
 683         memory|
 684         time|
 685         reboot
 686 )};
 687 # memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 688
 689 # Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 690 my $misspellings;
 691 my %spelling_fix;
 692
 693 if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 694         while (<$spelling>) {
 695                 my $line = $_;
 696
 697                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 698                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 699
 700                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 701                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 702
 703                 my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 704
 705                 $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 706         }
 707         close($spelling);
 708 } else {
 709         warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 710 }
 711
 712 if ($codespell) {
 713         if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 714                 while (<$spelling>) {
 715                         my $line = $_;
 716
 717                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 718                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 719
 720                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 721                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 722                         next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 723
 724                         $line =~ s/,.*$//;
 725
 726                         my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 727
 728                         $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 729                 }
 730                 close($spelling);
 731         } else {
 732                 warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 733         }
 734 }
 735
 736 $misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 737
 738 sub read_words {
 739         my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
 740
 741         if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
 742                 while (<$words>) {
 743                         my $line = $_;
 744
 745                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 746                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 747
 748                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 749                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 750                         if ($line =~ /\s/) {
 751                                 print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
 752                                 next;
 753                         }
 754
 755                         $$wordsRef .= '|' if ($$wordsRef ne "");
 756                         $$wordsRef .= $line;
 757                 }
 758                 close($file);
 759                 return 1;
 760         }
 761
 762         return 0;
 763 }
 764
 765 my $const_structs = "";
 766 read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
 767     or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
 768
 769 my $typeOtherTypedefs = "";
 770 if (length($typedefsfile)) {
 771         read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
 772             or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
 773 }
 774 $typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if ($typeOtherTypedefs ne "");
 775
 776 sub build_types {
 777         my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
 778         my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
 779         my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
 780         my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
 781         $Modifier       = qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
 782         $BasicType      = qr{
 783                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 784                                 (?:${all}\b)
 785                 }x;
 786         $NonptrType     = qr{
 787                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 788                         (?:
 789                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 790                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 791                                 (?:${all}\b)
 792                         )
 793                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 794                   }x;
 795         $NonptrTypeMisordered   = qr{
 796                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 797                         (?:
 798                                 (?:${Misordered}\b)
 799                         )
 800                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 801                   }x;
 802         $NonptrTypeWithAttr     = qr{
 803                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 804                         (?:
 805                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 806                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 807                                 (?:${allWithAttr}\b)
 808                         )
 809                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 810                   }x;
 811         $Type   = qr{
 812                         $NonptrType
 813                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
 814                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 815                   }x;
 816         $TypeMisordered = qr{
 817                         $NonptrTypeMisordered
 818                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
 819                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 820                   }x;
 821         $Declare        = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
 822         $DeclareMisordered      = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
 823 }
 824 build_types();
 825
 826 our $Typecast   = qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
 827
 828 # Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
 829 # requires at least perl version v5.10.0
 830 # Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
 831
 832 our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
 833 our $LvalOrFunc = qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
 834 our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
 835
 836 our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
 837         (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
 838         (?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
 839         (?:$Storage\s+)?${Type}\s+uninitialized_var\s*\(|
 840         (?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(
 841 )};
 842
 843 sub deparenthesize {
 844         my ($string) = @_;
 845         return "" if (!defined($string));
 846
 847         while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
 848                 $string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
 849                 $string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
 850         }
 851
 852         $string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
 853
 854         return $string;
 855 }
 856
 857 sub seed_camelcase_file {
 858         my ($file) = @_;
 859
 860         return if (!(-f $file));
 861
 862         local $/;
 863
 864         open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
 865             or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
 866         my $text = <$include_file>;
 867         close($include_file);
 868
 869         my @lines = split('\n', $text);
 870
 871         foreach my $line (@lines) {
 872                 next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
 873                 if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
 874                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 875                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
 876                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 877                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
 878                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 879                 }
 880         }
 881 }
 882
 883 our %maintained_status = ();
 884
 885 sub is_maintained_obsolete {
 886         my ($filename) = @_;
 887
 888         return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
 889
 890         if (!exists($maintained_status{$filename})) {
 891                 $maintained_status{$filename} = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
 892         }
 893
 894         return $maintained_status{$filename} =~ /obsolete/i;
 895 }
 896
 897 sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
 898         my ($license) = @_;
 899
 900         return 1 if (!$tree || which("python") eq "" || !(-e "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$root/.git"));
 901
 902         my $root_path = abs_path($root);
 903         my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | python scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
 904         return 0 if ($status ne "");
 905         return 1;
 906 }
 907
 908 my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
 909 sub seed_camelcase_includes {
 910         return if ($camelcase_seeded);
 911
 912         my $files;
 913         my $camelcase_cache = "";
 914         my @include_files = ();
 915
 916         $camelcase_seeded = 1;
 917
 918         if (-e ".git") {
 919                 my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
 920                 chomp $git_last_include_commit;
 921                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
 922         } else {
 923                 my $last_mod_date = 0;
 924                 $files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
 925                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
 926                 foreach my $file (@include_files) {
 927                         my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
 928                                                    localtime((stat $file)[9]));
 929                         $last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
 930                 }
 931                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
 932         }
 933
 934         if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
 935                 open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
 936                     or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
 937                 while (<$camelcase_file>) {
 938                         chomp;
 939                         $camelcase{$_} = 1;
 940                 }
 941                 close($camelcase_file);
 942
 943                 return;
 944         }
 945
 946         if (-e ".git") {
 947                 $files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
 948                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
 949         }
 950
 951         foreach my $file (@include_files) {
 952                 seed_camelcase_file($file);
 953         }
 954
 955         if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
 956                 unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
 957                 open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
 958                     or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
 959                 foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
 960                         print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
 961                 }
 962                 close($camelcase_file);
 963         }
 964 }
 965
 966 sub git_commit_info {
 967         my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
 968
 969         return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e ".git"));
 970
 971         my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
 972         $output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
 973         my @lines = split("\n", $output);
 974
 975         return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
 976
 977         if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous/) {
 978 # Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
 979 # all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
 980 #
 981 #               echo "checking commits $1..."
 982 #               git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
 983 #               while read line ; do
 984 #                   git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
 985 #                   echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
 986 #               done
 987         } elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
 988                 $id = undef;
 989         } else {
 990                 $id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
 991                 $desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
 992         }
 993
 994         return ($id, $desc);
 995 }
 996
 997 $chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
 998
 999 my @rawlines = ();
1000 my @lines = ();
1001 my @fixed = ();
1002 my @fixed_inserted = ();
1003 my @fixed_deleted = ();
1004 my $fixlinenr = -1;
1005
1006 # If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
1007 # For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
1008 die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e ".git");
1009
1010 if ($git) {
1011         my @commits = ();
1012         foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
1013                 my $git_range;
1014                 if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
1015                         $git_range = "-$2 $1";
1016                 } elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
1017                         $git_range = "$commit_expr";
1018                 } else {
1019                         $git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
1020                 }
1021                 my $lines = `${git_command} log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
1022                 foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
1023                         $line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
1024                         next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
1025                         my $sha1 = $1;
1026                         my $subject = $2;
1027                         unshift(@commits, $sha1);
1028                         $git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
1029                 }
1030         }
1031         die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
1032         @ARGV = @commits;
1033 }
1034
1035 my $vname;
1036 $allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
1037 for my $filename (@ARGV) {
1038         my $FILE;
1039         if ($git) {
1040                 open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
1041                         die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
1042         } elsif ($file) {
1043                 open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
1044                         die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1045         } elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1046                 open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1047         } else {
1048                 open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1049                         die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1050         }
1051         if ($filename eq '-') {
1052                 $vname = 'Your patch';
1053         } elsif ($git) {
1054                 $vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1055         } else {
1056                 $vname = $filename;
1057         }
1058         while (<$FILE>) {
1059                 chomp;
1060                 push(@rawlines, $_);
1061         }
1062         close($FILE);
1063
1064         if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1065                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1066                 print "$vname\n";
1067                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1068         }
1069
1070         if (!process($filename)) {
1071                 $exit = 1;
1072         }
1073         @rawlines = ();
1074         @lines = ();
1075         @fixed = ();
1076         @fixed_inserted = ();
1077         @fixed_deleted = ();
1078         $fixlinenr = -1;
1079         @modifierListFile = ();
1080         @typeListFile = ();
1081         build_types();
1082 }
1083
1084 if (!$quiet) {
1085         hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1086         hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1087
1088         if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1089                 print << "EOM"
1090
1091 NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1092       An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1093 EOM
1094         }
1095         if ($exit) {
1096                 print << "EOM"
1097
1098 NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1099       them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1100 EOM
1101         }
1102 }
1103
1104 exit($exit);
1105
1106 sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1107         my ($root) = @_;
1108
1109         my @tree_check = (
1110                 "COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1111                 "README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1112                 "fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1113         );
1114
1115         foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1116                 if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1117                         return 0;
1118                 }
1119         }
1120         return 1;
1121 }
1122
1123 sub parse_email {
1124         my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1125
1126         my $name = "";
1127         my $name_comment = "";
1128         my $address = "";
1129         my $comment = "";
1130
1131         if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1132                 $name = $1;
1133                 $address = $2;
1134                 $comment = $3 if defined $3;
1135         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1136                 $address = $1;
1137                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1138         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1139                 $address = $1;
1140                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1141                 $formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1142                 $name = $formatted_email;
1143                 $name = trim($name);
1144                 $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1145                 # If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1146                 # leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1147                 # leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1148                 # is invalid. ie:
1149                 #   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1150                 #   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1151                 if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1152                         $name = "";
1153                         $address = "";
1154                         $comment = "";
1155                 }
1156         }
1157
1158         $name = trim($name);
1159         $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1160         $name =~ s/(\s*\([^\)]+\))\s*//;
1161         if (defined($1)) {
1162                 $name_comment = trim($1);
1163         }
1164         $address = trim($address);
1165         $address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1166
1167         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1168                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1169                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1170         }
1171
1172         return ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment);
1173 }
1174
1175 sub format_email {
1176         my ($name, $address) = @_;
1177
1178         my $formatted_email;
1179
1180         $name = trim($name);
1181         $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1182         $address = trim($address);
1183
1184         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1185                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1186                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1187         }
1188
1189         if ("$name" eq "") {
1190                 $formatted_email = "$address";
1191         } else {
1192                 $formatted_email = "$name <$address>";
1193         }
1194
1195         return $formatted_email;
1196 }
1197
1198 sub reformat_email {
1199         my ($email) = @_;
1200
1201         my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
1202         return format_email($email_name, $email_address);
1203 }
1204
1205 sub same_email_addresses {
1206         my ($email1, $email2) = @_;
1207
1208         my ($email1_name, $name1_comment, $email1_address, $comment1) = parse_email($email1);
1209         my ($email2_name, $name2_comment, $email2_address, $comment2) = parse_email($email2);
1210
1211         return $email1_name eq $email2_name &&
1212                $email1_address eq $email2_address;
1213 }
1214
1215 sub which {
1216         my ($bin) = @_;
1217
1218         foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1219                 if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1220                         return "$path/$bin";
1221                 }
1222         }
1223
1224         return "";
1225 }
1226
1227 sub which_conf {
1228         my ($conf) = @_;
1229
1230         foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1231                 if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1232                         return "$path/$conf";
1233                 }
1234         }
1235
1236         return "";
1237 }
1238
1239 sub expand_tabs {
1240         my ($str) = @_;
1241
1242         my $res = '';
1243         my $n = 0;
1244         for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1245                 if ($c eq "\t") {
1246                         $res .= ' ';
1247                         $n++;
1248                         for (; ($n % $tabsize) != 0; $n++) {
1249                                 $res .= ' ';
1250                         }
1251                         next;
1252                 }
1253                 $res .= $c;
1254                 $n++;
1255         }
1256
1257         return $res;
1258 }
1259 sub copy_spacing {
1260         (my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1261         return $res;
1262 }
1263
1264 sub line_stats {
1265         my ($line) = @_;
1266
1267         # Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1268         $line =~ s/^.//;
1269         $line = expand_tabs($line);
1270
1271         # Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1272         my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1273
1274         return (length($line), length($white));
1275 }
1276
1277 my $sanitise_quote = '';
1278
1279 sub sanitise_line_reset {
1280         my ($in_comment) = @_;
1281
1282         if ($in_comment) {
1283                 $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1284         } else {
1285                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1286         }
1287 }
1288 sub sanitise_line {
1289         my ($line) = @_;
1290
1291         my $res = '';
1292         my $l = '';
1293
1294         my $qlen = 0;
1295         my $off = 0;
1296         my $c;
1297
1298         # Always copy over the diff marker.
1299         $res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1300
1301         for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1302                 $c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1303
1304                 # Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1305                 # and end, all to $;.
1306                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1307                         $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1308
1309                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1310                         $off++;
1311                         next;
1312                 }
1313                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1314                         $sanitise_quote = '';
1315                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1316                         $off++;
1317                         next;
1318                 }
1319                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1320                         $sanitise_quote = '//';
1321
1322                         substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1323                         $off++;
1324                         next;
1325                 }
1326
1327                 # A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1328                 if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1329                     $c eq "\\") {
1330                         substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1331                         $off++;
1332                         next;
1333                 }
1334                 # Regular quotes.
1335                 if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1336                         if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1337                                 $sanitise_quote = $c;
1338
1339                                 substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1340                                 next;
1341                         } elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1342                                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1343                         }
1344                 }
1345
1346                 #print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1347                 if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1348                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1349                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1350                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1351                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1352                         substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1353                 } else {
1354                         substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1355                 }
1356         }
1357
1358         if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1359                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1360         }
1361
1362         # The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1363         if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1364                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1365                 $res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1366
1367         # The whole of a #error is a string.
1368         } elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1369                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1370                 $res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1371         }
1372
1373         if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1374                 my $match = $1;
1375                 $res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1376         }
1377
1378         return $res;
1379 }
1380
1381 sub get_quoted_string {
1382         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1383
1384         return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1385         return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1386         return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1387 }
1388
1389 sub ctx_statement_block {
1390         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1391         my $line = $linenr - 1;
1392         my $blk = '';
1393         my $soff = $off;
1394         my $coff = $off - 1;
1395         my $coff_set = 0;
1396
1397         my $loff = 0;
1398
1399         my $type = '';
1400         my $level = 0;
1401         my @stack = ();
1402         my $p;
1403         my $c;
1404         my $len = 0;
1405
1406         my $remainder;
1407         while (1) {
1408                 @stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1409
1410                 #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1411                 # If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1412                 # context.
1413                 if ($off >= $len) {
1414                         for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1415                                 last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1416                                 next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1417                                 $remain--;
1418                                 $loff = $len;
1419                                 $blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1420                                 $len = length($blk);
1421                                 $line++;
1422                                 last;
1423                         }
1424                         # Bail if there is no further context.
1425                         #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1426                         if ($off >= $len) {
1427                                 last;
1428                         }
1429                         if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1430                                 $level++;
1431                                 $type = '#';
1432                         }
1433                 }
1434                 $p = $c;
1435                 $c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1436                 $remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1437
1438                 #warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1439
1440                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1441                 if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1442                         push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1443                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1444                         ($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1445                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1446                         ($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1447                 }
1448
1449                 # Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1450                 # outermost level.
1451                 if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1452                         last;
1453                 }
1454
1455                 # An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1456                 if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1457                                 (!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1458                                 $remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1459                                 $remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1460                         $coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1461                         $coff_set = 1;
1462                         #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1463                         #warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1464                 }
1465
1466                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1467                         $level++;
1468                         $type = '(';
1469                 }
1470                 if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1471                         $level--;
1472                         $type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1473
1474                         if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1475                                 $coff = $off;
1476                                 $coff_set = 1;
1477                                 #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1478                         }
1479                 }
1480                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1481                         $level++;
1482                         $type = '{';
1483                 }
1484                 if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1485                         $level--;
1486                         $type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1487
1488                         if ($level == 0) {
1489                                 if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1490                                         $off++;
1491                                 }
1492                                 last;
1493                         }
1494                 }
1495                 # Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1496                 if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1497                         $level--;
1498                         $type = '';
1499                         $off++;
1500                         last;
1501                 }
1502                 $off++;
1503         }
1504         # We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1505         if ($off == $len) {
1506                 $loff = $len + 1;
1507                 $line++;
1508                 $remain--;
1509         }
1510
1511         my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1512         my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1513
1514         #warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1515         #warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1516
1517         #print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1518
1519         return ($statement, $condition,
1520                         $line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1521 }
1522
1523 sub statement_lines {
1524         my ($stmt) = @_;
1525
1526         # Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1527         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1528         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1529         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1530
1531         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1532
1533         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1534 }
1535
1536 sub statement_rawlines {
1537         my ($stmt) = @_;
1538
1539         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1540
1541         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1542 }
1543
1544 sub statement_block_size {
1545         my ($stmt) = @_;
1546
1547         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1548         $stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1549         $stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1550         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1551         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1552
1553         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1554         my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1555
1556         my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1557         my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1558
1559         if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1560                 return $stmt_lines;
1561         } else {
1562                 return $stmt_statements;
1563         }
1564 }
1565
1566 sub ctx_statement_full {
1567         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1568         my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1569
1570         my (@chunks);
1571
1572         # Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1573         ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1574                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1575         #print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1576         push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1577         if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1578                 return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1579         }
1580
1581         # Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1582         # could continue the statement.
1583         for (;;) {
1584                 ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1585                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1586                 #print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1587                 last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1588                 #print "C: push\n";
1589                 push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1590         }
1591
1592         return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1593 }
1594
1595 sub ctx_block_get {
1596         my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1597         my $line;
1598         my $start = $linenr - 1;
1599         my $blk = '';
1600         my @o;
1601         my @c;
1602         my @res = ();
1603
1604         my $level = 0;
1605         my @stack = ($level);
1606         for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1607                 next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1608                 $remain--;
1609
1610                 $blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1611
1612                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1613                 if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1614                         push(@stack, $level);
1615                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1616                         $level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1617                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1618                         $level = pop(@stack);
1619                 }
1620
1621                 foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1622                         ##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1623                         if ($off > 0) {
1624                                 $off--;
1625                                 next;
1626                         }
1627
1628                         if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1629                                 $level--;
1630                                 last if ($level == 0);
1631                         } elsif ($c eq $open) {
1632                                 $level++;
1633                         }
1634                 }
1635
1636                 if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1637                         push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1638                 }
1639
1640                 last if ($level == 0);
1641         }
1642
1643         return ($level, @res);
1644 }
1645 sub ctx_block_outer {
1646         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1647
1648         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1649         return @r;
1650 }
1651 sub ctx_block {
1652         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1653
1654         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1655         return @r;
1656 }
1657 sub ctx_statement {
1658         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1659
1660         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1661         return @r;
1662 }
1663 sub ctx_block_level {
1664         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1665
1666         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1667 }
1668 sub ctx_statement_level {
1669         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1670
1671         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1672 }
1673
1674 sub ctx_locate_comment {
1675         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1676
1677         # Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1678         my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1679         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1680
1681         # Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1682         # comment.
1683         my $in_comment = 0;
1684         $current_comment = '';
1685         for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1686                 my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1687                 #warn "           $line\n";
1688                 if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1689                         $in_comment = 1;
1690                 }
1691                 if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1692                         $in_comment = 1;
1693                 }
1694                 if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1695                         $current_comment = '';
1696                 }
1697                 $current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1698                 if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1699                         $in_comment = 0;
1700                 }
1701         }
1702
1703         chomp($current_comment);
1704         return($current_comment);
1705 }
1706 sub ctx_has_comment {
1707         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1708         my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1709
1710         ##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1711         ##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1712
1713         return ($cmt ne '');
1714 }
1715
1716 sub raw_line {
1717         my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1718
1719         my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1720         $cnt++;
1721
1722         my $line;
1723         while ($cnt) {
1724                 $line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1725                 next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1726                 $cnt--;
1727         }
1728
1729         return $line;
1730 }
1731
1732 sub get_stat_real {
1733         my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
1734
1735         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
1736         for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
1737                 $stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
1738         }
1739
1740         return $stat_real;
1741 }
1742
1743 sub get_stat_here {
1744         my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
1745
1746         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
1747         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
1748                 $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
1749         }
1750
1751         return $herectx;
1752 }
1753
1754 sub cat_vet {
1755         my ($vet) = @_;
1756         my ($res, $coded);
1757
1758         $res = '';
1759         while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1760                 $res .= $1;
1761                 if ($2 ne '') {
1762                         $coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1763                         $res .= $coded;
1764                 }
1765         }
1766         $res =~ s/$/\$/;
1767
1768         return $res;
1769 }
1770
1771 my $av_preprocessor = 0;
1772 my $av_pending;
1773 my @av_paren_type;
1774 my $av_pend_colon;
1775
1776 sub annotate_reset {
1777         $av_preprocessor = 0;
1778         $av_pending = '_';
1779         @av_paren_type = ('E');
1780         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1781 }
1782
1783 sub annotate_values {
1784         my ($stream, $type) = @_;
1785
1786         my $res;
1787         my $var = '_' x length($stream);
1788         my $cur = $stream;
1789
1790         print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1791
1792         while (length($cur)) {
1793                 @av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
1794                 print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
1795                                 "> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1796                 if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
1797                         print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1798                         if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
1799                                 $type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1800                                 $av_preprocessor = 0;
1801                         }
1802
1803                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
1804                         print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1805                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1806                         $type = 'c';
1807
1808                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
1809                         print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1810                         $type = 'T';
1811
1812                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
1813                         print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1814                         $type = 'T';
1815
1816                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
1817                         print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1818                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1819                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1820                         if ($2 ne '') {
1821                                 $av_pending = 'N';
1822                         }
1823                         $type = 'E';
1824
1825                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
1826                         print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1827                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1828                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1829
1830                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
1831                         print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1832                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1833
1834                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1835                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1836                         $type = 'E';
1837
1838                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
1839                         print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1840                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1841
1842                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
1843
1844                         $type = 'E';
1845
1846                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
1847                         print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1848
1849                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1850
1851                         # Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
1852                         # one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
1853                         pop(@av_paren_type);
1854                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1855                         $type = 'E';
1856
1857                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
1858                         print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1859
1860                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
1861                         print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1862                         $av_pending = $type;
1863                         $type = 'N';
1864
1865                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
1866                         print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1867                         if (defined $2) {
1868                                 $av_pending = 'V';
1869                         }
1870                         $type = 'N';
1871
1872                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
1873                         print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1874                         $av_pending = 'E';
1875                         $type = 'N';
1876
1877                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
1878                         print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1879                         $av_pend_colon = 'C';
1880                         $type = 'N';
1881
1882                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
1883                         print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1884                         $type = 'N';
1885
1886                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
1887                         print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1888                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
1889                         $av_pending = '_';
1890                         $type = 'N';
1891
1892                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
1893                         my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1894                         if ($new_type ne '_') {
1895                                 $type = $new_type;
1896                                 print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
1897                                                         if ($dbg_values > 1);
1898                         } else {
1899                                 print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1900                         }
1901
1902                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
1903                         print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1904                         $type = 'V';
1905                         $av_pending = 'V';
1906
1907                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
1908                         if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
1909                                 $av_pend_colon = 'B';
1910                         } elsif ($type eq 'E') {
1911                                 $av_pend_colon = 'L';
1912                         }
1913                         print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1914                         $type = 'V';
1915
1916                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
1917                         print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1918                         $type = 'V';
1919
1920                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
1921                         print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1922                         $type = 'N';
1923
1924                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
1925                         print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1926                         $type = 'E';
1927                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1928
1929                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
1930                         print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1931                         $type = 'C';
1932
1933                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
1934                         print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1935                         $type = 'N';
1936
1937                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
1938                         print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1939
1940                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
1941                         if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
1942                                 $type = 'E';
1943                         } else {
1944                                 $type = 'N';
1945                         }
1946                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1947
1948                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
1949                         print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1950                         $type = 'N';
1951
1952                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
1953                         my $variant;
1954
1955                         print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1956                         if ($type eq 'V') {
1957                                 $variant = 'B';
1958                         } else {
1959                                 $variant = 'U';
1960                         }
1961
1962                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
1963                         $type = 'N';
1964
1965                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
1966                         print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1967                         if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
1968                                 $type = 'N';
1969                         }
1970
1971                 } elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
1972                         print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1973                 }
1974                 if (defined $1) {
1975                         $cur = substr($cur, length($1));
1976                         $res .= $type x length($1);
1977                 }
1978         }
1979
1980         return ($res, $var);
1981 }
1982
1983 sub possible {
1984         my ($possible, $line) = @_;
1985         my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
1986                 ^(?:
1987                         $Modifier|
1988                         $Storage|
1989                         $Type|
1990                         DEFINE_\S+
1991                 )$|
1992                 ^(?:
1993                         goto|
1994                         return|
1995                         case|
1996                         else|
1997                         asm|__asm__|
1998                         do|
1999                         \#|
2000                         \#\#|
2001                 )(?:\s|$)|
2002                 ^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
2003             )}x;
2004         warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
2005         if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
2006                 # Check for modifiers.
2007                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
2008                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
2009                 if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
2010
2011                 } elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
2012                         $possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
2013                         for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
2014                                 if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
2015                                         warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2016                                         push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
2017                                 }
2018                         }
2019
2020                 } else {
2021                         warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2022                         push(@typeListFile, $possible);
2023                 }
2024                 build_types();
2025         } else {
2026                 warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
2027         }
2028 }
2029
2030 my $prefix = '';
2031
2032 sub show_type {
2033         my ($type) = @_;
2034
2035         $type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
2036
2037         return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
2038
2039         return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
2040 }
2041
2042 sub report {
2043         my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
2044
2045         if (!show_type($type) ||
2046             (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
2047                 return 0;
2048         }
2049         my $output = '';
2050         if ($color) {
2051                 if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
2052                         $output .= RED;
2053                 } elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
2054                         $output .= YELLOW;
2055                 } else {
2056                         $output .= GREEN;
2057                 }
2058         }
2059         $output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
2060         if ($show_types) {
2061                 $output .= BLUE if ($color);
2062                 $output .= "$type:";
2063         }
2064         $output .= RESET if ($color);
2065         $output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
2066
2067         if ($showfile) {
2068                 my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2069                 splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2070                 $output = join("\n", @lines);
2071         }
2072         $output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n" if ($terse);
2073
2074         push(our @report, $output);
2075
2076         return 1;
2077 }
2078
2079 sub report_dump {
2080         our @report;
2081 }
2082
2083 sub fixup_current_range {
2084         my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2085
2086         if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2087                 my $o = $1;
2088                 my $l = $2;
2089                 my $no = $o + $offset;
2090                 my $nl = $l + $length;
2091                 $$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2092         }
2093 }
2094
2095 sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2096         my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2097
2098         my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2099         my $delta_offset = 0;
2100
2101         my $old_linenr = 0;
2102         my $new_linenr = 0;
2103
2104         my $next_insert = 0;
2105         my $next_delete = 0;
2106
2107         my @lines = ();
2108
2109         my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2110         my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2111
2112         foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2113                 my $save_line = 1;
2114                 my $line = $old_line;   #don't modify the array
2115                 if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {      #new filename
2116                         $delta_offset = 0;
2117                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {    #new hunk
2118                         $range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2119                         fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2120                 }
2121
2122                 while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2123                         $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2124                         $save_line = 0;
2125                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2126                 }
2127
2128                 while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2129                         push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2130                         $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2131                         $new_linenr++;
2132                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2133                 }
2134
2135                 if ($save_line) {
2136                         push(@lines, $line);
2137                         $new_linenr++;
2138                 }
2139
2140                 $old_linenr++;
2141         }
2142
2143         return @lines;
2144 }
2145
2146 sub fix_insert_line {
2147         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2148
2149         my $inserted = {
2150                 LINENR => $linenr,
2151                 LINE => $line,
2152         };
2153         push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2154 }
2155
2156 sub fix_delete_line {
2157         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2158
2159         my $deleted = {
2160                 LINENR => $linenr,
2161                 LINE => $line,
2162         };
2163
2164         push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2165 }
2166
2167 sub ERROR {
2168         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2169
2170         if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2171                 our $clean = 0;
2172                 our $cnt_error++;
2173                 return 1;
2174         }
2175         return 0;
2176 }
2177 sub WARN {
2178         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2179
2180         if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2181                 our $clean = 0;
2182                 our $cnt_warn++;
2183                 return 1;
2184         }
2185         return 0;
2186 }
2187 sub CHK {
2188         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2189
2190         if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2191                 our $clean = 0;
2192                 our $cnt_chk++;
2193                 return 1;
2194         }
2195         return 0;
2196 }
2197
2198 sub check_absolute_file {
2199         my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2200         my $file = $absolute;
2201
2202         ##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2203
2204         # See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2205         while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2206                 if (-f "$root/$file") {
2207                         ##print "file<$file>\n";
2208                         last;
2209                 }
2210         }
2211         if (! -f _)  {
2212                 return 0;
2213         }
2214
2215         # It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2216         my $prefix = $absolute;
2217         substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2218
2219         ##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2220         if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2221                 WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2222                      "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2223         }
2224 }
2225
2226 sub trim {
2227         my ($string) = @_;
2228
2229         $string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2230
2231         return $string;
2232 }
2233
2234 sub ltrim {
2235         my ($string) = @_;
2236
2237         $string =~ s/^\s+//;
2238
2239         return $string;
2240 }
2241
2242 sub rtrim {
2243         my ($string) = @_;
2244
2245         $string =~ s/\s+$//;
2246
2247         return $string;
2248 }
2249
2250 sub string_find_replace {
2251         my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2252
2253         $string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2254
2255         return $string;
2256 }
2257
2258 sub tabify {
2259         my ($leading) = @_;
2260
2261         my $source_indent = $tabsize;
2262         my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2263         my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2264
2265         #convert leading spaces to tabs
2266         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2267         #Remove spaces before a tab
2268         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2269
2270         return "$leading";
2271 }
2272
2273 sub pos_last_openparen {
2274         my ($line) = @_;
2275
2276         my $pos = 0;
2277
2278         my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2279         my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2280
2281         my $last_openparen = 0;
2282
2283         if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2284                 return -1;
2285         }
2286
2287         my $len = length($line);
2288
2289         for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2290                 my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2291                 if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2292                         $pos += length($1) - 1;
2293                 } elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2294                         $last_openparen = $pos;
2295                 } elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2296                         last;
2297                 }
2298         }
2299
2300         return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2301 }
2302
2303 sub get_raw_comment {
2304         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
2305         my $comment = '';
2306
2307         for my $i (0 .. (length($line) - 1)) {
2308                 if (substr($line, $i, 1) eq "$;") {
2309                         $comment .= substr($rawline, $i, 1);
2310                 }
2311         }
2312
2313         return $comment;
2314 }
2315
2316 sub process {
2317         my $filename = shift;
2318
2319         my $linenr=0;
2320         my $prevline="";
2321         my $prevrawline="";
2322         my $stashline="";
2323         my $stashrawline="";
2324
2325         my $length;
2326         my $indent;
2327         my $previndent=0;
2328         my $stashindent=0;
2329
2330         our $clean = 1;
2331         my $signoff = 0;
2332         my $author = '';
2333         my $authorsignoff = 0;
2334         my $is_patch = 0;
2335         my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2336         my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2337         my $in_commit_log = 0;          #Scanning lines before patch
2338         my $has_patch_separator = 0;    #Found a --- line
2339         my $has_commit_log = 0;         #Encountered lines before patch
2340         my $commit_log_lines = 0;       #Number of commit log lines
2341         my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2342         my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2343         my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2344         my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2345         my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2346
2347         my $last_blank_line = 0;
2348         my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2349
2350         our @report = ();
2351         our $cnt_lines = 0;
2352         our $cnt_error = 0;
2353         our $cnt_warn = 0;
2354         our $cnt_chk = 0;
2355
2356         # Trace the real file/line as we go.
2357         my $realfile = '';
2358         my $realline = 0;
2359         my $realcnt = 0;
2360         my $here = '';
2361         my $context_function;           #undef'd unless there's a known function
2362         my $in_comment = 0;
2363         my $comment_edge = 0;
2364         my $first_line = 0;
2365         my $p1_prefix = '';
2366
2367         my $prev_values = 'E';
2368
2369         # suppression flags
2370         my %suppress_ifbraces;
2371         my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2372         my %suppress_export;
2373         my $suppress_statement = 0;
2374
2375         my %signatures = ();
2376
2377         # Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2378         # Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2379         #
2380         my @setup_docs = ();
2381         my $setup_docs = 0;
2382
2383         my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2384
2385         my $checklicenseline = 1;
2386
2387         sanitise_line_reset();
2388         my $line;
2389         foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2390                 $linenr++;
2391                 $line = $rawline;
2392
2393                 push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2394
2395                 if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2396                         $setup_docs = 0;
2397                         if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst$@) {
2398                                 $setup_docs = 1;
2399                         }
2400                         #next;
2401                 }
2402                 if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2403                         $realline=$1-1;
2404                         if (defined $2) {
2405                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2406                         } else {
2407                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2408                         }
2409                         $in_comment = 0;
2410
2411                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2412                         # the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2413                         # edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2414                         # at context start.
2415                         my $edge;
2416                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2417                         for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2418                                 next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2419                                          $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2420                                 $cnt--;
2421                                 #print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2422                                 last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2423                                 if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2424                                     $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2425                                         ($edge) = $1;
2426                                         last;
2427                                 }
2428                         }
2429                         if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2430                                 $in_comment = 1;
2431                         }
2432
2433                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2434                         # is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2435                         # ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2436                         if (!defined $edge &&
2437                             $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2438                         {
2439                                 $in_comment = 1;
2440                         }
2441
2442                         ##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2443                         sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2444
2445                 } elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2446                         # Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2447                         # simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2448                         $line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2449                 }
2450                 push(@lines, $line);
2451
2452                 if ($realcnt > 1) {
2453                         $realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2454                 } else {
2455                         $realcnt = 0;
2456                 }
2457
2458                 #print "==>$rawline\n";
2459                 #print "-->$line\n";
2460
2461                 if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2462                         push(@setup_docs, $line);
2463                 }
2464         }
2465
2466         $prefix = '';
2467
2468         $realcnt = 0;
2469         $linenr = 0;
2470         $fixlinenr = -1;
2471         foreach my $line (@lines) {
2472                 $linenr++;
2473                 $fixlinenr++;
2474                 my $sline = $line;      #copy of $line
2475                 $sline =~ s/$;/ /g;     #with comments as spaces
2476
2477                 my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2478                 my $raw_comment = get_raw_comment($line, $rawline);
2479
2480 # check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2481                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2482                     ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2483                     ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2484                      $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2485                         $is_patch = 1;
2486                 }
2487
2488 #extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2489                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2490                     $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2491                         my $context = $4;
2492                         $is_patch = 1;
2493                         $first_line = $linenr + 1;
2494                         $realline=$1-1;
2495                         if (defined $2) {
2496                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2497                         } else {
2498                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2499                         }
2500                         annotate_reset();
2501                         $prev_values = 'E';
2502
2503                         %suppress_ifbraces = ();
2504                         %suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2505                         %suppress_export = ();
2506                         $suppress_statement = 0;
2507                         if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2508                                 $context_function = $1;
2509                         } else {
2510                                 undef $context_function;
2511                         }
2512                         next;
2513
2514 # track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2515 # new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2516 # blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2517                 } elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2518                         $realline++;
2519                         $realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2520
2521                         # Measure the line length and indent.
2522                         ($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2523
2524                         # Track the previous line.
2525                         ($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2526                         ($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2527                         ($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2528
2529                         #warn "line<$line>\n";
2530
2531                 } elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2532                         $realcnt--;
2533                 }
2534
2535                 my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2536
2537                 $here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2538                 $here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2539
2540                 my $found_file = 0;
2541                 # extract the filename as it passes
2542                 if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2543                         $realfile = $1;
2544                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2545                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2546                         $found_file = 1;
2547                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2548                         $realfile = $1;
2549                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2550                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2551
2552                         $p1_prefix = $1;
2553                         if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2554                             -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2555                                 WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2556                                      "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2557                         }
2558
2559                         if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2560                                 ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2561                                       "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2562                         }
2563                         $found_file = 1;
2564                 }
2565
2566 #make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2567                 if ($showfile) {
2568                         $prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2569                 } elsif ($emacs) {
2570                         if ($file) {
2571                                 $prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2572                         } else {
2573                                 $prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2574                         }
2575                 }
2576
2577                 if ($found_file) {
2578                         if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2579                                 WARN("OBSOLETE",
2580                                      "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2581                         }
2582                         if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2583                                 $check = 1;
2584                         } else {
2585                                 $check = $check_orig;
2586                         }
2587                         $checklicenseline = 1;
2588
2589                         if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2590                                 my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2591
2592                                 $is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2593
2594                                 if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2595                                     ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2596                                         WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2597                                              "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.txt\n");
2598                                 }
2599                         }
2600
2601                         next;
2602                 }
2603
2604                 $here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2605
2606                 my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2607                 my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2608                 my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2609
2610                 $cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2611
2612 # Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2613 # 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2614                 if ($in_commit_log) {
2615                         if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2616                                 $commit_log_lines++;    #could be a $signature
2617                         }
2618                 } elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2619                         WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2620                              "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2621                         $commit_log_lines = 2;  #warn only once
2622                 }
2623
2624 # Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2625                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2626                     (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+@ &&
2627                       $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2628                      $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2629                      $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2630                         ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2631                               "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2632                         $commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2633                 }
2634
2635 # Check for incorrect file permissions
2636                 if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2637                         my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2638                         if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2639                             $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2640                                 ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2641                                       "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2642                         }
2643                 }
2644
2645 # Check the patch for a From:
2646                 if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
2647                         $author = $1;
2648                         $author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
2649                         $author =~ s/"//g;
2650                         $author = reformat_email($author);
2651                 }
2652
2653 # Check the patch for a signoff:
2654                 if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2655                         $signoff++;
2656                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2657                         if ($author ne '') {
2658                                 if (same_email_addresses($1, $author)) {
2659                                         $authorsignoff = 1;
2660                                 }
2661                         }
2662                 }
2663
2664 # Check for patch separator
2665                 if ($line =~ /^---$/) {
2666                         $has_patch_separator = 1;
2667                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2668                 }
2669
2670 # Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
2671 # emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
2672                 if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
2673                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2674                 }
2675
2676 # Check signature styles
2677                 if (!$in_header_lines &&
2678                     $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
2679                         my $space_before = $1;
2680                         my $sign_off = $2;
2681                         my $space_after = $3;
2682                         my $email = $4;
2683                         my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
2684
2685                         if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
2686                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2687                                      "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
2688                         }
2689                         if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
2690                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2691                                          "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2692                                     $fix) {
2693                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2694                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2695                                 }
2696                         }
2697                         if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
2698                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2699                                          "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
2700                                     $fix) {
2701                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2702                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2703                                 }
2704
2705                         }
2706                         if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
2707                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2708                                          "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2709                                     $fix) {
2710                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2711                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2712                                 }
2713                         }
2714
2715                         my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
2716                         my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $email_address));
2717                         if ($suggested_email eq "") {
2718                                 ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2719                                       "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
2720                         } else {
2721                                 my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
2722                                 $dequoted =~ s/^"//;
2723                                 $dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
2724                                 # Don't force email to have quotes
2725                                 # Allow just an angle bracketed address
2726                                 if (!same_email_addresses($email, $suggested_email)) {
2727                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2728                                              "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email$comment'\n" . $herecurr);
2729                                 }
2730                         }
2731
2732 # Check for duplicate signatures
2733                         my $sig_nospace = $line;
2734                         $sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
2735                         $sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
2736                         if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
2737                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2738                                      "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
2739                         } else {
2740                                 $signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
2741                         }
2742
2743 # Check Co-developed-by: immediately followed by Signed-off-by: with same name and email
2744                         if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
2745                                 if ($email eq $author) {
2746                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2747                                               "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
2748                                 }
2749                                 if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
2750                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2751                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
2752                                 } elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2753                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2754                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
2755                                 } elsif ($1 ne $email) {
2756                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2757                                              "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match \n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
2758                                 }
2759                         }
2760                 }
2761
2762 # Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
2763                 if ($in_header_lines &&
2764                     $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
2765                         WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
2766                              "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
2767                 }
2768
2769 # Check for Gerrit Change-Ids not in any patch context
2770                 if ($realfile eq '' && !$has_patch_separator && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
2771                         ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
2772                               "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr);
2773                 }
2774
2775 # Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
2776                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2777                     ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
2778                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
2779                                         # timestamp
2780                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/) ||
2781                      $line =~ /^(?:\s+\w+:\s+[0-9a-fA-F]+){3,3}/ ||
2782                      $line =~ /^\s*\#\d+\s*\[[0-9a-fA-F]+\]\s*\w+ at [0-9a-fA-F]+/) {
2783                                         # stack dump address styles
2784                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
2785                 }
2786
2787 # Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
2788                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
2789                     length($line) > 75 &&
2790                     !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
2791                                         # file delta changes
2792                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-]+\/)++[\w\.\-]+:/ ||
2793                                         # filename then :
2794                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:)/i ||
2795                                         # A Fixes: or Link: line
2796                       $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
2797                         WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
2798                              "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
2799                         $commit_log_long_line = 1;
2800                 }
2801
2802 # Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
2803                 if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2804                     $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
2805                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2806                 }
2807
2808 # Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
2809                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2810                     $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink|base-commit):/i &&
2811                     $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
2812                     ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
2813                      ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
2814                       $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
2815                       $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
2816                         my $init_char = "c";
2817                         my $orig_commit = "";
2818                         my $short = 1;
2819                         my $long = 0;
2820                         my $case = 1;
2821                         my $space = 1;
2822                         my $hasdesc = 0;
2823                         my $hasparens = 0;
2824                         my $id = '0123456789ab';
2825                         my $orig_desc = "commit description";
2826                         my $description = "";
2827
2828                         if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
2829                                 $init_char = $1;
2830                                 $orig_commit = lc($2);
2831                         } elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
2832                                 $orig_commit = lc($1);
2833                         }
2834
2835                         $short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
2836                         $long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
2837                         $space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
2838                         $case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
2839                         if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
2840                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2841                                 $hasparens = 1;
2842                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
2843                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2844                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
2845                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2846                                 $hasparens = 1;
2847                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
2848                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2849                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
2850                                 $line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
2851                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2852                                 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
2853                                 $orig_desc .= " " . $1;
2854                                 $hasparens = 1;
2855                         }
2856
2857                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
2858                                                               $id, $orig_desc);
2859
2860                         if (defined($id) &&
2861                            ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens)) {
2862                                 ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
2863                                       "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
2864                         }
2865                 }
2866
2867 # Check for added, moved or deleted files
2868                 if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
2869                     ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
2870                      $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
2871                      ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
2872                       (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
2873                         $is_patch = 1;
2874                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2875                         WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
2876                              "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
2877                 }
2878
2879 # Check for adding new DT bindings not in schema format
2880                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2881                     ($line =~ /^new file mode\s*\d+\s*$/) &&
2882                     ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.*\.txt$@)) {
2883                         WARN("DT_SCHEMA_BINDING_PATCH",
2884                              "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/writing-schema.rst\n");
2885                 }
2886
2887 # Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
2888                 if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
2889                         ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
2890                               "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
2891                                 $herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
2892                 }
2893
2894 # UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
2895                 if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
2896                     $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
2897                         my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
2898
2899                         my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
2900                         my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
2901                         my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
2902
2903                         CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
2904                             "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
2905                 }
2906
2907 # Check if it's the start of a commit log
2908 # (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
2909                 if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2910                     !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
2911                       $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
2912                         $in_header_lines = 0;
2913                         $in_commit_log = 1;
2914                         $has_commit_log = 1;
2915                 }
2916
2917 # Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
2918 # declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
2919                 if ($in_header_lines &&
2920                     $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
2921                     $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
2922                         $non_utf8_charset = 1;
2923                 }
2924
2925                 if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2926                     $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
2927                         WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
2928                             "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
2929                 }
2930
2931 # Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
2932                 if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
2933                         while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
2934                                 my $file = $1;
2935
2936                                 if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
2937                                     check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
2938                                         #
2939                                 } else {
2940                                         check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
2941                                 }
2942                         }
2943                 }
2944
2945 # Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
2946                 if (defined($misspellings) &&
2947                     ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
2948                         while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^a-z@])($misspellings)(?:\b|$|[^a-z@])/gi) {
2949                                 my $typo = $1;
2950                                 my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
2951                                 $typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
2952                                 $typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
2953                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
2954                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
2955                                 if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
2956                                                   "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
2957                                     $fix) {
2958                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
2959                                 }
2960                         }
2961                 }
2962
2963 # check for invalid commit id
2964                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /(^fixes:|\bcommit)\s+([0-9a-f]{6,40})\b/i) {
2965                         my $id;
2966                         my $description;
2967                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($2, undef, undef);
2968                         if (!defined($id)) {
2969                                 WARN("UNKNOWN_COMMIT_ID",
2970                                      "Unknown commit id '$2', maybe rebased or not pulled?\n" . $herecurr);
2971                         }
2972                 }
2973
2974 # ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
2975                 next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
2976
2977 #trailing whitespace
2978                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
2979                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2980                         if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
2981                                   "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
2982                             $fix) {
2983                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
2984                         }
2985                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
2986                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2987                         if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
2988                                   "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
2989                             $fix) {
2990                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
2991                         }
2992
2993                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
2994                 }
2995
2996 # Check for FSF mailing addresses.
2997                 if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
2998                     $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
2999                     $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
3000                     $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
3001                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3002                         my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
3003                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3004                         &{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
3005                                       "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
3006                 }
3007
3008 # check for Kconfig help text having a real description
3009 # Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
3010 # sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
3011                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3012                     # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
3013                     # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
3014                     # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
3015                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
3016                         my $length = 0;
3017                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
3018                         my $ln = $linenr + 1;
3019                         my $f;
3020                         my $is_start = 0;
3021                         my $is_end = 0;
3022                         for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
3023                                 $f = $lines[$ln - 1];
3024                                 $cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3025                                 $is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
3026
3027                                 next if ($f =~ /^-/);
3028                                 last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
3029
3030                                 if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
3031                                         $is_start = 1;
3032                                 } elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:help|---help---)\s*$/) {
3033                                         if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ "---help---") {
3034                                                 WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3035                                                      "prefer 'help' over '---help---' for new help texts\n" . $herecurr);
3036                                         }
3037                                         $length = -1;
3038                                 }
3039
3040                                 $f =~ s/^.//;
3041                                 $f =~ s/#.*//;
3042                                 $f =~ s/^\s+//;
3043                                 next if ($f =~ /^$/);
3044
3045                                 # This only checks context lines in the patch
3046                                 # and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
3047                                 # positives, even though some of these are
3048                                 # common words in help texts
3049                                 if ($f =~ /^\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
3050                                                   if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
3051                                         $is_end = 1;
3052                                         last;
3053                                 }
3054                                 $length++;
3055                         }
3056                         if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
3057                                 WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3058                                      "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
3059                         }
3060                         #print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
3061                 }
3062
3063 # check for MAINTAINERS entries that don't have the right form
3064                 if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/ &&
3065                     $rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3066                     $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
3067                         if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3068                                  "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
3069                             $fix) {
3070                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
3071                         }
3072                 }
3073
3074 # discourage the use of boolean for type definition attributes of Kconfig options
3075                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3076                     $line =~ /^\+\s*\bboolean\b/) {
3077                         WARN("CONFIG_TYPE_BOOLEAN",
3078                              "Use of boolean is deprecated, please use bool instead.\n" . $herecurr);
3079                 }
3080
3081                 if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
3082                     ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
3083                         my $flag = $1;
3084                         my $replacement = {
3085                                 'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
3086                                 'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
3087                                 'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
3088                                 'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
3089                         };
3090
3091                         WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
3092                              "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
3093                 }
3094
3095 # check for DT compatible documentation
3096                 if (defined $root &&
3097                         (($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
3098                          ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
3099
3100                         my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
3101
3102                         my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
3103                         my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.yaml";
3104
3105                         foreach my $compat (@compats) {
3106                                 my $compat2 = $compat;
3107                                 $compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
3108                                 my $compat3 = $compat;
3109                                 $compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
3110                                 `grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
3111                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3112                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3113                                              "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
3114                                 }
3115
3116                                 next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
3117                                 my $vendor = $1;
3118                                 `grep -Eq "\\"\\^\Q$vendor\E,\\.\\*\\":" $vp_file`;
3119                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3120                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3121                                              "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
3122                                 }
3123                         }
3124                 }
3125
3126 # check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3127                 if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3128                         if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3129                                 $checklicenseline = 2;
3130                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3131                                 my $comment = "";
3132                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3133                                         $comment = '/*';
3134                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3135                                         $comment = '//';
3136                                 } elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc|yaml)$/) {
3137                                         $comment = '#';
3138                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3139                                         $comment = '..';
3140                                 }
3141
3142 # check SPDX comment style for .[chsS] files
3143                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.[chsS]$/ &&
3144                                     $rawline =~ /SPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3145                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\s*\Q$comment\E\s*@) {
3146                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3147                                              "Improper SPDX comment style for '$realfile', please use '$comment' instead\n" . $herecurr);
3148                                 }
3149
3150                                 if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3151                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: @) {
3152                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3153                                              "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3154                                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3155                                         my $spdx_license = $1;
3156                                         if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3157                                                 WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3158                                                      "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3159                                         }
3160                                         if ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/@ &&
3161                                             not $spdx_license =~ /GPL-2\.0.*BSD-2-Clause/) {
3162                                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3163                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3164                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3165
3166                                                                   "DT binding documents should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3167                                                     $fix) {
3168                                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/SPDX-License-Identifier: .*/SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)/;
3169                                                 }
3170                                         }
3171                                 }
3172                         }
3173                 }
3174
3175 # check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3176                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3177
3178 # check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
3179                 if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
3180                     $rawline =~ /\bSPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3181                     substr($line, @-, @+ - @-) eq "$;" x (@+ - @-)) {
3182                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3183                              "Misplaced SPDX-License-Identifier tag - use line $checklicenseline instead\n" . $herecurr);
3184                 }
3185
3186 # line length limit (with some exclusions)
3187 #
3188 # There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3189 #       logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3190 #       lines with a single string
3191 #       #defines that are a single string
3192 #       lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3193 #
3194 # There are 3 different line length message types:
3195 # LONG_LINE_COMMENT     a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3196 # LONG_LINE_STRING      a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3197 # LONG_LINE             all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3198 #
3199 # if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3200 #
3201
3202                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3203                         my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3204
3205                         # Check the allowed long line types first
3206
3207                         # logging functions that end in a string that starts
3208                         # before $max_line_length
3209                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3210                             length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3211                                 $msg_type = "";
3212
3213                         # lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3214                         # #defines with only strings
3215                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3216                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3217                                 $msg_type = "";
3218
3219                         # More special cases
3220                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3221                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3222                                 $msg_type = "";
3223
3224                         # URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3225                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3226                                 $msg_type = "";
3227
3228                         # Otherwise set the alternate message types
3229
3230                         # a comment starts before $max_line_length
3231                         } elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3232                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3233                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3234
3235                         # a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3236                         } elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3237                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3238                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3239                         }
3240
3241                         if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3242                             (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3243                                 WARN($msg_type,
3244                                      "line over $max_line_length characters\n" . $herecurr);
3245                         }
3246                 }
3247
3248 # check for adding lines without a newline.
3249                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3250                         WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3251                              "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr);
3252                 }
3253
3254 # check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3255                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3256
3257 # at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3258 # more than $tabsize must use tabs.
3259                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3260                     $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3261                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3262                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
3263                         if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3264                                   "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3265                             $fix) {
3266                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3267                         }
3268                 }
3269
3270 # check for space before tabs.
3271                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3272                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3273                         if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3274                                 "please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3275                             $fix) {
3276                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3277                                            s/(^\+.*) {$tabsize,$tabsize}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3278                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3279                                            s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3280                         }
3281                 }
3282
3283 # check for assignments on the start of a line
3284                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3285                         CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3286                             "Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
3287                 }
3288
3289 # check for && or || at the start of a line
3290                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3291                         CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3292                             "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
3293                 }
3294
3295 # check indentation starts on a tab stop
3296                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3297                     $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3298                         my $indent = length($1);
3299                         if ($indent % $tabsize) {
3300                                 if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3301                                          "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3302                                     $fix) {
3303                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/$tabsize)@e;
3304                                 }
3305                         }
3306                 }
3307
3308 # check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3309                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3310                     $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3311                         $prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3312                         my $oldindent = $1;
3313                         my $rest = $2;
3314
3315                         my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3316                         if ($pos >= 0) {
3317                                 $line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3318                                 my $newindent = $2;
3319
3320                                 my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3321                                         "\t" x ($pos / $tabsize) .
3322                                         " "  x ($pos % $tabsize);
3323                                 my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3324
3325                                 if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3326                                     $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3327
3328                                         if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3329                                                 "Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3330                                             $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3331                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3332                                                     s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3333                                         }
3334                                 }
3335                         }
3336                 }
3337
3338 # check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3339 # avoid checking a few false positives:
3340 #   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3341 #   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3342 #   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3343 #   multiline macros that define functions
3344 #   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3345                 if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3346                     (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3347                         if (CHK("SPACING",
3348                                 "No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3349                             $fix) {
3350                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3351                                     s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3352                         }
3353                 }
3354
3355 # Block comment styles
3356 # Networking with an initial /*
3357                 if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
3358                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
3359                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
3360                     $realline > 2) {
3361                         WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3362                              "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
3363                 }
3364
3365 # Block comments use * on subsequent lines
3366                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3367                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&             #starting /*
3368                     $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&            #no trailing */
3369                     $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&                        #line is new
3370                     $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {                #no leading *
3371                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3372                              "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
3373                 }
3374
3375 # Block comments use */ on trailing lines
3376                 if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing */
3377                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&      #inline /*...*/
3378                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing **/
3379                     $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {    #non blank */
3380                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3381                              "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
3382                 }
3383
3384 # Block comment * alignment
3385                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3386                     $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&                   #leading comment
3387                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&                #leading *
3388                     (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&           #leading /*
3389                       $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||         #no trailing */
3390                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {          #leading *
3391                         my $oldindent;
3392                         $prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
3393                         if (defined($1)) {
3394                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3395                         } else {
3396                                 $prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
3397                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3398                         }
3399                         $rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
3400                         my $newindent = $1;
3401                         $newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
3402                         if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
3403                                 WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3404                                      "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
3405                         }
3406                 }
3407
3408 # check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
3409 # with exceptions for various attributes and macros
3410                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
3411                     $line =~ /^\+/ &&
3412                     !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
3413                       $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
3414                       $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
3415                       $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
3416                       $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
3417                       $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
3418                       $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
3419                       $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
3420                       $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
3421                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3422                                 "Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3423                             $fix) {
3424                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3425                         }
3426                 }
3427
3428 # check for multiple consecutive blank lines
3429                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
3430                     $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
3431                     $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
3432                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3433                                 "Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
3434                             $fix) {
3435                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3436                         }
3437
3438                         $last_blank_line = $linenr;
3439                 }
3440
3441 # check for missing blank lines after declarations
3442                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+\S/ &&                     #Not at char 1
3443                         # actual declarations
3444                     ($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3445                         # function pointer declarations
3446                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3447                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3448                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3449                         # known declaration macros
3450                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
3451                         # for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
3452                     !($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
3453                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
3454                       $prevline =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
3455                         # not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
3456                       $prevline =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
3457                         # looks like a declaration
3458                     !($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3459                         # function pointer declarations
3460                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3461                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3462                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3463                         # known declaration macros
3464                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
3465                         # start of struct or union or enum
3466                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
3467                         # start or end of block or continuation of declaration
3468                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
3469                         # bitfield continuation
3470                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
3471                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
3472                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/) &&
3473                         # indentation of previous and current line are the same
3474                     (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/)) {
3475                         if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
3476                                  "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3477                             $fix) {
3478                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3479                         }
3480                 }
3481
3482 # check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
3483 # Exceptions:
3484 #  1) within comments
3485 #  2) indented preprocessor commands
3486 #  3) hanging labels
3487                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
3488                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3489                         if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
3490                                  "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
3491                             $fix) {
3492                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3493                         }
3494                 }
3495
3496 # check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
3497                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
3498
3499 # check for unusual line ending [ or (
3500                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
3501                         CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
3502                             "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
3503                 }
3504
3505 # check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
3506                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
3507                     $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
3508                         $context_function = $1;
3509                 }
3510
3511 # check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
3512                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
3513                         undef $context_function;
3514                 }
3515
3516 # check indentation of any line with a bare else
3517 # (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
3518 # if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
3519                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
3520                         my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
3521                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
3522                             ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
3523                              defined $lines[$linenr] &&
3524                              $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
3525                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
3526                                      "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
3527                         }
3528                 }
3529
3530 # check indentation of a line with a break;
3531 # if the previous line is a goto or return and is indented the same # of tabs
3532                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
3533                         my $tabs = $1;
3534                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(?:goto|return)\b/) {
3535                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
3536                                      "break is not useful after a goto or return\n" . $hereprev);
3537                         }
3538                 }
3539
3540 # check for RCS/CVS revision markers
3541                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
3542                         WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
3543                              "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
3544                 }
3545
3546 # check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
3547                 if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
3548                         WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
3549                              "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
3550                 }
3551
3552 # Check for potential 'bare' types
3553                 my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
3554                     $realline_next);
3555 #print "LINE<$line>\n";
3556                 if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
3557                     $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
3558                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3559                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3560                         $stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3561                         $cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3562
3563 #print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
3564                         # If this statement has no statement boundaries within
3565                         # it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
3566                         # until we hit end of it.
3567                         my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
3568                         if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
3569 #print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
3570                                 $suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
3571                         }
3572
3573                         # Find the real next line.
3574                         $realline_next = $line_nr_next;
3575                         if (defined $realline_next &&
3576                             (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
3577                              substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
3578                                 $realline_next++;
3579                         }
3580
3581                         my $s = $stat;
3582                         $s =~ s/{.*$//s;
3583
3584                         # Ignore goto labels.
3585                         if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
3586
3587                         # Ignore functions being called
3588                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
3589
3590                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
3591
3592                         # declarations always start with types
3593                         } elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
3594                                 my $type = $1;
3595                                 $type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
3596                                 possible($type, "A:" . $s);
3597
3598                         # definitions in global scope can only start with types
3599                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
3600                                 possible($1, "B:" . $s);
3601                         }
3602
3603                         # any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
3604                         while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
3605                                 possible($1, "C:" . $s);
3606                         }
3607
3608                         # Check for any sort of function declaration.
3609                         # int foo(something bar, other baz);
3610                         # void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
3611                         if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
3612                                 my ($name_len) = length($1);
3613
3614                                 my $ctx = $s;
3615                                 substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
3616                                 $ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
3617
3618                                 for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
3619                                         if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
3620
3621                                                 possible($1, "D:" . $s);
3622                                         }
3623                                 }
3624                         }
3625
3626                 }
3627
3628 #
3629 # Checks which may be anchored in the context.
3630 #
3631
3632 # Check for switch () and associated case and default
3633 # statements should be at the same indent.
3634                 if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
3635                         my $err = '';
3636                         my $sep = '';
3637                         my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
3638                         shift(@ctx);
3639                         for my $ctx (@ctx) {
3640                                 my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
3641                                 if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
3642                                                         $indent != $cindent) {
3643                                         $err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
3644                                         $sep = '';
3645                                 } else {
3646                                         $sep = "[...]\n";
3647                                 }
3648                         }
3649                         if ($err ne '') {
3650                                 ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
3651                                       "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
3652                         }
3653                 }
3654
3655 # if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
3656 # or if that brace on the next line is for something else
3657                 if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
3658                         my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
3659
3660                         my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3661
3662                         if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
3663                                 WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
3664                                      "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
3665                         }
3666
3667                         my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
3668                         my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
3669
3670                         my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
3671                         my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
3672
3673                         while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
3674                                         defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
3675                                         $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
3676                                 ##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3677                                 $ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3678                                 $ctx_ln++;
3679                         }
3680
3681                         #print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3682                         #print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
3683
3684                         if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
3685                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3686                                       "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
3687                                         "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3688                         }
3689                         if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
3690                             $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
3691                             defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
3692                         {
3693                                 my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
3694                                 if ($nindent > $indent) {
3695                                         WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
3696                                              "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
3697                                                 "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3698                                 }
3699                         }
3700                 }
3701
3702 # Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
3703                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
3704                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3705                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
3706                                         if (!defined $stat);
3707                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
3708
3709                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
3710
3711                         # remove inline comments
3712                         $s =~ s/$;/ /g;
3713                         $c =~ s/$;/ /g;
3714
3715                         # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
3716                         my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
3717                         my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
3718
3719                         # Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
3720                         # none on the first line, and are going to readd them
3721                         # where necessary.
3722                         $s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
3723                         while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
3724                                 $cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
3725                         }
3726
3727                         # We want to check the first line inside the block
3728                         # starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
3729                         #  1) any blank line termination
3730                         #  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
3731                         #  3) any do (...) {
3732                         my $continuation = 0;
3733                         my $check = 0;
3734                         $s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
3735                         $s =~ s/^\s*{//;
3736                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
3737                                 $continuation = 1;
3738                         }
3739                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
3740                                 $check = 1;
3741                                 $cond_lines++;
3742                         }
3743
3744                         # Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
3745                         # preprocessor statement.
3746                         if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
3747                             $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
3748                                 $check = 0;
3749                         }
3750
3751                         my $cond_ptr = -1;
3752                         $continuation = 0;
3753                         while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
3754                                 $cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
3755
3756                                 # If we see an #else/#elif then the code
3757                                 # is not linear.
3758                                 if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
3759                                         $check = 0;
3760                                 }
3761
3762                                 # Ignore:
3763                                 #  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
3764                                 #  2) preprocessor lines, and
3765                                 #  3) labels.
3766                                 if ($continuation ||
3767                                     $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
3768                                     $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
3769                                     $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
3770                                         $continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
3771                                         if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
3772                                                 $cond_lines++;
3773                                         }
3774                                 }
3775                         }
3776
3777                         my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
3778                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
3779
3780                         # Check if either of these lines are modified, else
3781                         # this is not this patch's fault.
3782                         if (!defined($stat_real) ||
3783                             $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
3784                                 $check = 0;
3785                         }
3786                         if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
3787                                 $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
3788                         }
3789
3790                         #print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
3791
3792                         if ($check && $s ne '' &&
3793                             (($sindent % $tabsize) != 0 ||
3794                              ($sindent < $indent) ||
3795                              ($sindent == $indent &&
3796                               ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
3797                              ($sindent > $indent + $tabsize))) {
3798                                 WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
3799                                      "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
3800                         }
3801                 }
3802
3803                 # Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
3804                 my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
3805                 my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
3806                                 annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
3807                 $curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
3808                 if ($dbg_values) {
3809                         my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
3810                         print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
3811                         print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
3812                         print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
3813                 }
3814                 $prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
3815
3816 #ignore lines not being added
3817                 next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
3818
3819 # check for dereferences that span multiple lines
3820                 if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
3821                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
3822                         $prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
3823                         my $ref = $1;
3824                         $line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
3825                         $ref .= $1;
3826                         $ref =~ s/\s//g;
3827                         WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
3828                              "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
3829                 }
3830
3831 # check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
3832                 while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
3833                         my $type = $1;
3834                         my $var = $2;
3835                         $var = "" if (!defined $var);
3836                         if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
3837                                 my $sign = $1;
3838                                 my $pointer = $2;
3839
3840                                 $pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
3841
3842                                 if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
3843                                          "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3844                                     $fix) {
3845                                         my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
3846                                         my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
3847                                         $comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
3848                                         $decl .= $comp_pointer;
3849                                         $decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
3850                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
3851                                 }
3852                         }
3853                 }
3854
3855 # TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
3856                 if ($dbg_type) {
3857                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
3858                                 ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
3859                                       "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
3860                         } elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
3861                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
3862                                       "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3863                         }
3864                         next;
3865                 }
3866 # TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
3867                 if ($dbg_attr) {
3868                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
3869                                 ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
3870                                       "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
3871                         } elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
3872                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
3873                                       "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3874                         }
3875                         next;
3876                 }
3877
3878 # check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
3879                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3880                     $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
3881                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3882                                   "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3883                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3884                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3885                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3886                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
3887                                 $fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
3888                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3889                                 $fixedline = $line;
3890                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
3891                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3892                         }
3893                 }
3894
3895 #
3896 # Checks which are anchored on the added line.
3897 #
3898
3899 # check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
3900                 if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
3901                         my $path = $1;
3902                         if ($path =~ m{//}) {
3903                                 ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
3904                                       "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
3905                         }
3906                         if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
3907                                 ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
3908                                       "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
3909                         }
3910                 }
3911
3912 # no C99 // comments
3913                 if ($line =~ m{//}) {
3914                         if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
3915                                   "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3916                             $fix) {
3917                                 my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
3918                                 if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
3919                                         my $comment = trim($1);
3920                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
3921                                 }
3922                         }
3923                 }
3924                 # Remove C99 comments.
3925                 $line =~ s@//.*@@;
3926                 $opline =~ s@//.*@@;
3927
3928 # EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
3929 # the whole statement.
3930 #print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
3931                 if (defined $realline_next &&
3932                     exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
3933                     !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
3934                     ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3935                      $lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3936                         # Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
3937                         # a prefix:
3938                         #   XXX(foo);
3939                         #   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
3940                         my $name = $1;
3941                         if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
3942                             $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
3943 #print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
3944                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3945
3946                         } elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
3947                                 \n.}\s*$|
3948                                 ^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3949                                 ^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3950                                 ^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
3951                                 ^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
3952                                 \b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
3953                             )/x) {
3954 #print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
3955                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
3956                         } else {
3957                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3958                         }
3959                 }
3960                 if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3961                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
3962                     ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3963                      $line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3964 #print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
3965                         $suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
3966                 }
3967                 if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3968                     $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
3969                         WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
3970                              "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
3971                 }
3972
3973 # check for global initialisers.
3974                 if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3975                         if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
3976                                   "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
3977                             $fix) {
3978                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3979                         }
3980                 }
3981 # check for static initialisers.
3982                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3983                         if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
3984                                   "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
3985                                       $herecurr) &&
3986                             $fix) {
3987                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3988                         }
3989                 }
3990
3991 # check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
3992                 while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
3993                         my $tmp = trim($1);
3994                         WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
3995                              "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
3996                 }
3997
3998 # check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
3999                 while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
4000                         my $type = trim($1);
4001                         next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
4002                         next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
4003                         my $new_type = $type;
4004                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
4005                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
4006                         $new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
4007                         $new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
4008                         $new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
4009                         $new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4010                         $new_type = trim($new_type);
4011                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
4012                                  "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
4013                             $fix) {
4014                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
4015                         }
4016                 }
4017
4018 # check for static const char * arrays.
4019                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
4020                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4021                              "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
4022                                 $herecurr);
4023                 }
4024
4025 # check for initialized const char arrays that should be static const
4026                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*const\s+(char|unsigned\s+char|_*u8|(?:[us]_)?int8_t)\s+\w+\s*\[\s*(?:\w+\s*)?\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4027                         if (WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4028                                  "const array should probably be static const\n" . $herecurr) &&
4029                             $fix) {
4030                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.\s*)const\b/${1}static const/;
4031                         }
4032                 }
4033
4034 # check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
4035                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4036                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4037                              "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
4038                                 $herecurr);
4039                 }
4040
4041 # check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
4042                 if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4043                         my $found = $1;
4044                         if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
4045                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
4046                                      "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
4047                         } elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
4048                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
4049                                      "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
4050                         }
4051                 }
4052
4053 # check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
4054                 if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
4055                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4056                              "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
4057                                 $herecurr);
4058                }
4059
4060 # check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
4061                 if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
4062                         my $array = $1;
4063                         if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
4064                                 my $array_div = $1;
4065                                 if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
4066                                          "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4067                                     $fix) {
4068                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
4069                                 }
4070                         }
4071                 }
4072
4073 # check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
4074                 if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s*$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4075                         if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
4076                                   "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4077                             $fix) {
4078                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
4079                         }
4080                 }
4081
4082 # check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
4083 # make sense.
4084                 if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
4085                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
4086                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
4087                     $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
4088                     $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
4089                         WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
4090                              "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
4091                 }
4092
4093 # * goes on variable not on type
4094                 # (char*[ const])
4095                 while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
4096                         #print "AA<$1>\n";
4097                         my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
4098
4099                         # Should start with a space.
4100                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4101                         # Should not end with a space.
4102                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4103                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4104                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4105                         }
4106
4107 ##                      print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4108                         if ($from ne $to) {
4109                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4110                                           "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4111                                     $fix) {
4112                                         my $sub_from = $ident;
4113                                         my $sub_to = $ident;
4114                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4115                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4116                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4117                                 }
4118                         }
4119                 }
4120                 while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
4121                         #print "BB<$1>\n";
4122                         my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
4123
4124                         # Should start with a space.
4125                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4126                         # Should not end with a space.
4127                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4128                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4129                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4130                         }
4131                         # Modifiers should have spaces.
4132                         $to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
4133
4134 ##                      print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4135                         if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
4136                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4137                                           "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4138                                     $fix) {
4139
4140                                         my $sub_from = $match;
4141                                         my $sub_to = $match;
4142                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4143                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4144                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4145                                 }
4146                         }
4147                 }
4148
4149 # avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
4150                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
4151                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
4152                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
4153                         &{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
4154                                       "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
4155                 }
4156
4157 # avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
4158                 if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
4159                         WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4160                              "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4161                 }
4162
4163 # check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4164                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4165                         WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4166                              "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4167                 }
4168
4169 # printk should use KERN_* levels
4170                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4171                         WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4172                              "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4173                 }
4174
4175                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4176                         my $orig = $1;
4177                         my $level = lc($orig);
4178                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4179                         my $level2 = $level;
4180                         $level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4181                         WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4182                              "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4183                 }
4184
4185                 if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4186                         my $orig = $1;
4187                         my $level = lc($orig);
4188                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4189                         $level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4190                         WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4191                              "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4192                 }
4193
4194 # ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4195 # number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4196 # least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4197                 if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4198                         WARN("ENOSYS",
4199                              "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4200                 }
4201
4202 # function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4203 # or if closed on same line
4204                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
4205                     $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4206                     $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4207                     $sline !~ /}/) {
4208                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4209                                   "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4210                             $fix) {
4211                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4212                                 my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4213                                 $fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*){(.*)$/;
4214                                 my $line1 = $1;
4215                                 my $line2 = $2;
4216                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4217                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4218                                 if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4219                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4220                                 }
4221                         }
4222                 }
4223
4224 # open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4225                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4226                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4227                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4228                                   "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4229                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4230                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4231                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4232                                 my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4233                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4234                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4235                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4236                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4237                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4238                                 }
4239                         }
4240                 }
4241
4242 # missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4243                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4244                         if (WARN("SPACING",
4245                                  "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4246                             $fix) {
4247                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4248                                     s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4249                         }
4250                 }
4251
4252 # Function pointer declarations
4253 # check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4254 # canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4255                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4256                         my $declare = $1;
4257                         my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4258                         my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4259                         my $funcname = $4;
4260                         my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4261                         my $pre_args_space = $6;
4262
4263 # the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4264 # so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4265 # don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4266                         my $post_declare_space = "";
4267                         if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4268                                 $post_declare_space = $1;
4269                                 $declare = rtrim($declare);
4270                         }
4271                         if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4272                                 WARN("SPACING",
4273                                      "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4274                                 $post_declare_space = " ";
4275                         }
4276
4277 # unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4278 # This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4279 # equivalent to
4280 #       int  foo(int bar, ...)
4281 # and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4282 #
4283 #                       elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4284 #                               WARN("SPACING",
4285 #                                    "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4286 #                       }
4287
4288 # unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4289                         if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4290                             $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4291                                 WARN("SPACING",
4292                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4293                         }
4294
4295 # unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4296                         if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4297                             $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4298                                 WARN("SPACING",
4299                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4300                         }
4301
4302 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
4303                         if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
4304                             $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
4305                                 WARN("SPACING",
4306                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4307                         }
4308
4309 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
4310                         if (defined $pre_args_space &&
4311                             $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
4312                                 WARN("SPACING",
4313                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
4314                         }
4315
4316                         if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
4317                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4318                                     s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
4319                         }
4320                 }
4321
4322 # check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
4323 #  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
4324 #  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
4325 #  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
4326                 while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
4327                         my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
4328                         if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
4329                             ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
4330                             $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
4331                                 if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
4332                                           "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4333                                     $fix) {
4334                                     $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4335                                         s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
4336                                 }
4337                         }
4338                 }
4339
4340 # check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
4341                 while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
4342                         my $name = $1;
4343                         my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
4344                         my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
4345
4346                         # Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
4347                         if ($name =~ /^(?:
4348                                 if|for|while|switch|return|case|
4349                                 volatile|__volatile__|
4350                                 __attribute__|format|__extension__|
4351                                 asm|__asm__)$/x)
4352                         {
4353                         # cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
4354                         # if there is a space between the name and the open
4355                         # parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
4356                         } elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
4357
4358                         # cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
4359                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
4360
4361                         # If this whole things ends with a type its most
4362                         # likely a typedef for a function.
4363                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
4364
4365                         } else {
4366                                 if (WARN("SPACING",
4367                                          "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4368                                              $fix) {
4369                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4370                                             s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
4371                                 }
4372                         }
4373                 }
4374
4375 # Check operator spacing.
4376                 if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
4377                         my $fixed_line = "";
4378                         my $line_fixed = 0;
4379
4380                         my $ops = qr{
4381                                 <<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
4382                                 \+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
4383                                 =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
4384                                 &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
4385                                 \?:|\?|:
4386                         }x;
4387                         my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
4388
4389 ##                      print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
4390 ##                      foreach my $el (@elements) {
4391 ##                              print("el: <$el>\n");
4392 ##                      }
4393
4394                         my @fix_elements = ();
4395                         my $off = 0;
4396
4397                         foreach my $el (@elements) {
4398                                 push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
4399                                 $off += length($el);
4400                         }
4401
4402                         $off = 0;
4403
4404                         my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
4405                         my $last_after = -1;
4406
4407                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
4408
4409                                 my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
4410
4411 ##                              print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
4412
4413                                 $off += length($elements[$n]);
4414
4415                                 # Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
4416                                 my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
4417                                 my $cc = '';
4418                                 if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
4419                                         $cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
4420                                 }
4421                                 my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
4422
4423                                 my $a = '';
4424                                 $a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
4425                                 $a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
4426                                 $a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
4427                                 $a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
4428                                 $a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
4429                                 $a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
4430
4431                                 my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
4432
4433                                 my $c = '';
4434                                 if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
4435                                         $c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
4436                                         $c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
4437                                         $c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
4438                                         $c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
4439                                         $c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
4440                                         $c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
4441                                 } else {
4442                                         $c = 'E';
4443                                 }
4444
4445                                 my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
4446
4447                                 my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
4448
4449                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
4450                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
4451
4452                                 # Pull out the value of this operator.
4453                                 my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
4454
4455                                 # Get the full operator variant.
4456                                 my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
4457
4458                                 # Ignore operators passed as parameters.
4459                                 if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
4460                                     $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
4461
4462 #                               # Ignore comments
4463 #                               } elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
4464
4465                                 # ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
4466                                 } elsif ($op eq ';') {
4467                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
4468                                             $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
4469                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4470                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4471                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4472                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4473                                                 }
4474                                         }
4475
4476                                 # // is a comment
4477                                 } elsif ($op eq '//') {
4478
4479                                 #   :   when part of a bitfield
4480                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
4481                                         # skip the bitfield test for now
4482
4483                                 # No spaces for:
4484                                 #   ->
4485                                 } elsif ($op eq '->') {
4486                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
4487                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4488                                                           "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4489                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4490                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4491                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4492                                                         }
4493                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4494                                                 }
4495                                         }
4496
4497                                 # , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
4498                                 } elsif ($op eq ',') {
4499                                         my $rtrim_before = 0;
4500                                         my $space_after = 0;
4501                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4502                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4503                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4504                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4505                                                         $rtrim_before = 1;
4506                                                 }
4507                                         }
4508                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
4509                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4510                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4511                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4512                                                         $last_after = $n;
4513                                                         $space_after = 1;
4514                                                 }
4515                                         }
4516                                         if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
4517                                                 if ($rtrim_before) {
4518                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4519                                                 } else {
4520                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4521                                                 }
4522                                                 if ($space_after) {
4523                                                         $good .= " ";
4524                                                 }
4525                                         }
4526
4527                                 # '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
4528                                 } elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
4529                                         #warn "'*' is part of type\n";
4530
4531                                 # unary operators should have a space before and
4532                                 # none after.  May be left adjacent to another
4533                                 # unary operator, or a cast
4534                                 } elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
4535                                          $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
4536                                          $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
4537                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
4538                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4539                                                           "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4540                                                         if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
4541                                                                 $good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4542                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4543                                                         }
4544                                                 }
4545                                         }
4546                                         if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
4547                                                 # A unary '*' may be const
4548
4549                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
4550                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4551                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4552                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4553                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4554                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4555                                                         }
4556                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4557                                                 }
4558                                         }
4559
4560                                 # unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
4561                                 } elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
4562                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
4563                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4564                                                           "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4565                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4566                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4567                                                 }
4568                                         }
4569                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
4570                                             ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
4571                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4572                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4573                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4574                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4575                                                 }
4576                                         }
4577                                         if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
4578                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4579                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4580                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4581                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4582                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4583                                                         }
4584                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4585                                                 }
4586                                         }
4587
4588                                 # << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
4589                                 } elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
4590                                          $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
4591                                          $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
4592                                          $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
4593                                          $op eq '%')
4594                                 {
4595                                         if ($check) {
4596                                                 if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
4597                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
4598                                                                 "spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4599                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4600                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4601                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4602                                                         }
4603                                                 } elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
4604                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
4605                                                                 "space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4606                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4607                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4608                                                         }
4609                                                 }
4610                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
4611                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4612                                                           "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4613                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4614                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4615                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4616                                                         }
4617                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4618                                                 }
4619                                         }
4620
4621                                 # A colon needs no spaces before when it is
4622                                 # terminating a case value or a label.
4623                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
4624                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4625                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4626                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4627                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4628                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4629                                                 }
4630                                         }
4631
4632                                 # All the others need spaces both sides.
4633                                 } elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
4634                                         my $ok = 0;
4635
4636                                         # Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
4637                                         if (($op eq '<' &&
4638                                              $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
4639                                             ($op eq '>' &&
4640                                              $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
4641                                         {
4642                                                 $ok = 1;
4643                                         }
4644
4645                                         # for asm volatile statements
4646                                         # ignore a colon with another
4647                                         # colon immediately before or after
4648                                         if (($op eq ':') &&
4649                                             ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
4650                                                 $ok = 1;
4651                                         }
4652
4653                                         # messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
4654                                         if ($ok == 0) {
4655                                                 my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
4656                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
4657
4658                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
4659                                                                   "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4660                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4661                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4662                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4663                                                         }
4664                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4665                                                 }
4666                                         }
4667                                 }
4668                                 $off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
4669
4670 ##                              print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
4671
4672                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
4673                         }
4674
4675                         if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
4676                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
4677                         }
4678
4679                         if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
4680                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
4681                         }
4682
4683
4684                 }
4685
4686 # check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
4687                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
4688                         if (WARN("SPACING",
4689                                  "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
4690                             $fix) {
4691                                 1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4692                                     s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
4693                         }
4694                 }
4695
4696 # check for multiple assignments
4697                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
4698                         CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
4699                             "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4700                 }
4701
4702 ## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
4703 ## # continuation.
4704 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
4705 ##                  $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
4706 ##
4707 ##                      # Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
4708 ##                      # falsly report the parameters of functions.
4709 ##                      my $ln = $line;
4710 ##                      while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
4711 ##                      }
4712 ##                      if ($ln =~ /,/) {
4713 ##                              WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
4714 ##                                   "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4715 ##                      }
4716 ##              }
4717
4718 #need space before brace following if, while, etc
4719                 if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
4720                     $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
4721                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4722                                   "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4723                             $fix) {
4724                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
4725                         }
4726                 }
4727
4728 ## # check for blank lines before declarations
4729 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
4730 ##                  $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
4731 ##                      WARN("SPACING",
4732 ##                           "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
4733 ##              }
4734 ##
4735
4736 # closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
4737 # on the line
4738                 if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)|\}))\S/) {
4739                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4740                                   "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4741                             $fix) {
4742                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4743                                     s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
4744                         }
4745                 }
4746
4747 # check spacing on square brackets
4748                 if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
4749                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4750                                   "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4751                             $fix) {
4752                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4753                                     s/\[\s+/\[/;
4754                         }
4755                 }
4756                 if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
4757                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4758                                   "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4759                             $fix) {
4760                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4761                                     s/\s+\]/\]/;
4762                         }
4763                 }
4764
4765 # check spacing on parentheses
4766                 if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
4767                     $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
4768                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4769                                   "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4770                             $fix) {
4771                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4772                                     s/\(\s+/\(/;
4773                         }
4774                 }
4775                 if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
4776                     $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
4777                     $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
4778                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4779                                   "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4780                             $fix) {
4781                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4782                                     s/\s+\)/\)/;
4783                         }
4784                 }
4785
4786 # check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
4787 # ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
4788
4789                 while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
4790                         my $var = $1;
4791                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4792                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4793                             $fix) {
4794                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
4795                         }
4796                 }
4797
4798 # check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
4799 # ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
4800 # but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
4801                 if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
4802                         my $var = $2;
4803                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4804                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4805                             $fix) {
4806                                 my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
4807                                 $var2 =~ s/\s//g;
4808                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
4809                         }
4810                 }
4811
4812 # check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
4813 # when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
4814                 if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
4815                     $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
4816                     $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
4817                         my $if_stat = $1;
4818                         my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
4819                         my $herectx;
4820                         while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
4821                                 my $match = $1;
4822                                 # avoid parentheses around potential macro args
4823                                 next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
4824                                 if (!defined($herectx)) {
4825                                         $herectx = $here . "\n";
4826                                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
4827                                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4828                                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
4829                                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
4830                                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
4831                                         }
4832                                 }
4833                                 CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4834                                     "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
4835                         }
4836                 }
4837
4838 #goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
4839                 if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
4840                    !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
4841                         if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
4842                                  "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
4843                             $fix) {
4844                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4845                                     s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
4846                         }
4847                 }
4848
4849 # return is not a function
4850                 if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
4851                         my $spacing = $1;
4852                         if ($perl_version_ok &&
4853                             $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
4854                                 my $value = $1;
4855                                 $value = deparenthesize($value);
4856                                 if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
4857                                         ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
4858                                               "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
4859                                 }
4860                         } elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
4861                                 ERROR("SPACING",
4862                                       "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
4863                         }
4864                 }
4865
4866 # unnecessary return in a void function
4867 # at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
4868 # and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
4869                 if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
4870                     $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
4871                     $linenr >= 3 &&
4872                     $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
4873                     $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4874                         WARN("RETURN_VOID",
4875                              "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
4876                }
4877
4878 # if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
4879                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
4880                     $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
4881                         my $openparens = $1;
4882                         my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
4883                         my $msg = "";
4884                         if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
4885                                 my $comp = $4;  #Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
4886                                 $msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
4887                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4888                                      "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
4889                         }
4890                 }
4891
4892 # comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
4893 #       avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
4894 #       only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
4895 #       conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
4896                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
4897                     $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
4898                         my $lead = $1;
4899                         my $const = $2;
4900                         my $comp = $3;
4901                         my $to = $4;
4902                         my $newcomp = $comp;
4903                         if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
4904                             $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
4905                             WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
4906                                  "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
4907                             $fix) {
4908                                 if ($comp eq "<") {
4909                                         $newcomp = ">";
4910                                 } elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
4911                                         $newcomp = ">=";
4912                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">") {
4913                                         $newcomp = "<";
4914                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
4915                                         $newcomp = "<=";
4916                                 }
4917                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
4918                         }
4919                 }
4920
4921 # Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
4922                 if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
4923                         my $name = $1;
4924                         if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
4925                                 WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
4926                                      "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
4927                         }
4928                 }
4929
4930 # Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
4931                 if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
4932                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4933                                   "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4934                             $fix) {
4935                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4936                                     s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
4937                         }
4938                 }
4939
4940 # Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
4941 # statements after the conditional.
4942                 if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
4943                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4944                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4945                                         if (!defined $stat);
4946                         my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
4947                                                 $remain_next, $off_next);
4948                         $stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4949                         ##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
4950
4951                         if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
4952                                 # If the statement carries leading newlines,
4953                                 # then count those as offsets.
4954                                 my ($whitespace) =
4955                                         ($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
4956                                 my $offset =
4957                                         statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
4958
4959                                 $suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
4960                                                                 $offset} = 1;
4961                         }
4962                 }
4963                 if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
4964                     defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
4965                     $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
4966                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4967
4968                         if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
4969                                 ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
4970                                       "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr);
4971                         }
4972
4973                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4974                         # conditional.
4975                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4976                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4977                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
4978                         if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
4979                             $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
4980                         {
4981                                 # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4982                                 my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4983                                 my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4984                                 my $stat_real = '';
4985
4986                                 $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
4987                                                         . "\n" if ($cond_lines);
4988                                 if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4989                                         $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4990                                 }
4991
4992                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4993                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
4994                         }
4995                 }
4996
4997 # Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
4998                 if ($line =~ /
4999                         (?:
5000                                 (?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
5001                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5002                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
5003                         |
5004                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
5005                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5006                                 (?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
5007                         )/x)
5008                 {
5009                         WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
5010                              "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
5011                 }
5012
5013 # if and else should not have general statements after it
5014                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
5015                         my $s = $1;
5016                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
5017                         if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
5018                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5019                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5020                         }
5021                 }
5022 # if should not continue a brace
5023                 if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
5024                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5025                               "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
5026                                 $herecurr);
5027                 }
5028 # case and default should not have general statements after them
5029                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
5030                     $line !~ /\G(?:
5031                         (?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
5032                         \s*return\s+
5033                     )/xg)
5034                 {
5035                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5036                               "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5037                 }
5038
5039                 # Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
5040                 # indent level to be relevant to each other.
5041                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
5042                     $previndent == $indent) {
5043                         if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
5044                                   "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5045                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5046                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5047                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5048                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5049                                 $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
5050                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
5051                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5052                                 }
5053                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
5054                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
5055                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5056                         }
5057                 }
5058
5059                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
5060                     $previndent == $indent) {
5061                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5062
5063                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5064                         # conditional.
5065                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5066                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5067
5068                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
5069                                 if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
5070                                           "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5071                                     $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5072                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5073                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5074                                         my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5075                                         my $trailing = $rawline;
5076                                         $trailing =~ s/^\+//;
5077                                         $trailing = trim($trailing);
5078                                         $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
5079                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5080                                 }
5081                         }
5082                 }
5083
5084 #Specific variable tests
5085                 while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
5086                         my $var = $1;
5087
5088 #CamelCase
5089                         if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
5090                             $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
5091 #Ignore Page<foo> variants
5092                             $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
5093 #Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB
5094 #(ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show, RANGE_mA_VALUE)
5095                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z0-9_]*|[A-Z0-9_]*)?_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z0-9_]+|_[A-Z0-9_]+)?$/ &&
5096 #Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
5097                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
5098                                 while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
5099                                         my $word = $1;
5100                                         next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
5101                                         if ($check) {
5102                                                 seed_camelcase_includes();
5103                                                 if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
5104                                                         seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
5105                                                         $camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
5106                                                 }
5107                                         }
5108                                         if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
5109                                                 $camelcase{$word} = 1;
5110                                                 CHK("CAMELCASE",
5111                                                     "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
5112                                         }
5113                                 }
5114                         }
5115                 }
5116
5117 #no spaces allowed after \ in define
5118                 if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
5119                         if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
5120                                  "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
5121                             $fix) {
5122                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
5123                         }
5124                 }
5125
5126 # warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
5127 # itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
5128                 if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
5129                         my $file = "$1.h";
5130                         my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
5131                         if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
5132                             $realfile ne $checkfile &&
5133                             $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
5134                         {
5135                                 my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
5136                                 if ($asminclude > 0) {
5137                                         if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
5138                                                 CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
5139                                                     "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5140                                         } else {
5141                                                 WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5142                                                      "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5143                                         }
5144                                 }
5145                         }
5146                 }
5147
5148 # multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5149 # first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5150 # in a known good container
5151                 if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5152                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5153                         my $ln = $linenr;
5154                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5155                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5156                         my $ctx = '';
5157                         my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5158                         my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5159                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5160                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5161                         $ctx = $dstat;
5162                         #print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5163                         #print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5164
5165                         $has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5166                         $has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5167
5168                         $dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5169                         my $define_args = $1;
5170                         my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5171                         my @def_args = ();
5172
5173                         if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5174                                 $define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5175                                 $define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5176                                 $define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5177                                 @def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5178                         }
5179
5180                         $dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5181                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5182                         $dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5183                         $dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5184
5185                         # Flatten any parentheses and braces
5186                         while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1/ ||
5187                                $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1/ ||
5188                                $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1/)
5189                         {
5190                         }
5191
5192                         # Flatten any obvious string concatenation.
5193                         while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5194                                $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5195                         {
5196                         }
5197
5198                         # Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5199                         $dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5200
5201                         my $exceptions = qr{
5202                                 $Declare|
5203                                 module_param_named|
5204                                 MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5205                                 DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5206                                 DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5207                                 __typeof__\(|
5208                                 union|
5209                                 struct|
5210                                 \.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5211                                 ^\"|\"$|
5212                                 ^\[
5213                         }x;
5214                         #print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5215
5216                         $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5217                         my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5218                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5219
5220                         if ($dstat ne '' &&
5221                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&                    # 10, // foo(),
5222                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&                    # foo();
5223                             $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&          # 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5224                             $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&                  # character constants
5225                             $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5226                             $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&                                # .foo =
5227                             $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&          # stringification #foo
5228                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&       # do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5229                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&                            # for (...)
5230                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&   # for (...) bar()
5231                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&                                      # do {...
5232                             $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&                                                # ({...
5233                             $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5234                         {
5235                                 if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5236                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5237                                               "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5238                                 } elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5239                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5240                                               "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5241                                 } else {
5242                                         ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
5243                                               "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
5244                                 }
5245
5246                         }
5247
5248                         # Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
5249                         my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
5250                         my $first = 1;
5251                         $define_stmt = "";
5252                         foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
5253                                 $l =~ s/\\$//;
5254                                 if ($first) {
5255                                         $define_stmt = $l;
5256                                         $first = 0;
5257                                 } elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
5258                                         $define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
5259                                 }
5260                         }
5261                         $define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
5262                         $define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
5263                         $define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
5264
5265 # check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
5266                         foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
5267                                 next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
5268                                 next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
5269                                 my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
5270                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(sizeof|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
5271                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
5272                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
5273                                 my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
5274                                 if ($use_cnt > 1) {
5275                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
5276                                             "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
5277                                     }
5278 # check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
5279                                 if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
5280                                     ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
5281                                      (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
5282                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
5283                                             "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
5284                                 }
5285                         }
5286
5287 # check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
5288 # ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
5289                         if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
5290                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5291                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5292
5293                                 WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
5294                                      "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
5295                         }
5296
5297 # check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
5298
5299                 } else {
5300                         if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
5301                             $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&         # preprocessor
5302                             $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&   # asm
5303                             $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
5304                                 WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5305                                      "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
5306                         }
5307                 }
5308
5309 # do {} while (0) macro tests:
5310 # single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
5311 # macro should not end with a semicolon
5312                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5313                     $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5314                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
5315                         my $ln = $linenr;
5316                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5317                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5318                         my $ctx = '';
5319                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5320                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5321                         $ctx = $dstat;
5322
5323                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5324                         $dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
5325
5326                         if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
5327                                 my $stmts = $2;
5328                                 my $semis = $3;
5329
5330                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5331                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5332                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5333
5334                                 if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
5335                                     $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
5336                                         WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
5337                                              "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
5338                                 }
5339                                 if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
5340                                         WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5341                                              "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
5342                                 }
5343                         } elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
5344                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5345                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5346                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5347
5348                                 WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5349                                      "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
5350                         }
5351                 }
5352
5353 # check for redundant bracing round if etc
5354                 if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
5355                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5356                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
5357                         #print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
5358                         #print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
5359                         if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
5360                                 my @allowed = ();
5361                                 my $allow = 0;
5362                                 my $seen = 0;
5363                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
5364                                 my $ln = $linenr - 1;
5365                                 for my $chunk (@chunks) {
5366                                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
5367
5368                                         # If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
5369                                         my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5370                                         my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5371
5372                                         $allowed[$allow] = 0;
5373                                         #print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
5374
5375                                         # We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
5376                                         $suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
5377
5378                                         $herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
5379                                         $ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
5380
5381                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5382
5383                                         $seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
5384
5385                                         #print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
5386                                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5387                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5388                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
5389                                         }
5390                                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5391                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5392                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
5393                                         }
5394                                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5395                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5396                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
5397                                         }
5398                                         $allow++;
5399                                 }
5400                                 if ($seen) {
5401                                         my $sum_allowed = 0;
5402                                         foreach (@allowed) {
5403                                                 $sum_allowed += $_;
5404                                         }
5405                                         if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
5406                                                 WARN("BRACES",
5407                                                      "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5408                                         } elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
5409                                                  $seen != $allow) {
5410                                                 CHK("BRACES",
5411                                                     "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5412                                         }
5413                                 }
5414                         }
5415                 }
5416                 if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
5417                                         $line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
5418                         my $allowed = 0;
5419
5420                         # Check the pre-context.
5421                         if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
5422                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
5423                                 $allowed = 1;
5424                         }
5425
5426                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5427                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
5428
5429                         # Check the condition.
5430                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
5431                         #print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
5432                         if (defined $cond) {
5433                                 substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5434                         }
5435                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5436                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5437                                 $allowed = 1;
5438                         }
5439                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5440                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5441                                 $allowed = 1;
5442                         }
5443                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5444                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5445                                 $allowed = 1;
5446                         }
5447                         # Check the post-context.
5448                         if (defined $chunks[1]) {
5449                                 my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
5450                                 if (defined $cond) {
5451                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5452                                 }
5453                                 if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
5454                                         #print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
5455                                         $allowed = 1;
5456                                 }
5457                         }
5458                         if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
5459                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
5460                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5461
5462                                 WARN("BRACES",
5463                                      "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
5464                         }
5465                 }
5466
5467 # check for single line unbalanced braces
5468                 if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
5469                     $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
5470                         CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
5471                 }
5472
5473 # check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
5474                 if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
5475                         if (CHK("BRACES",
5476                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5477                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
5478                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5479                         }
5480                 }
5481                 if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
5482                         if (CHK("BRACES",
5483                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5484                             $fix) {
5485                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5486                         }
5487                 }
5488
5489 # no volatiles please
5490                 my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
5491                 if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
5492                         WARN("VOLATILE",
5493                              "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
5494                 }
5495
5496 # Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
5497 # to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
5498 # newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
5499 # (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
5500                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
5501                     $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
5502                     $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
5503                         if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
5504                                  "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
5505                                      $fix &&
5506                                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
5507                                      $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
5508                                 my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5509                                 my $comma_close = "";
5510                                 if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
5511                                         $comma_close = $1;
5512                                 }
5513
5514                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5515                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5516                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5517                                 $fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
5518                                 $fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
5519                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
5520                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
5521                                 $fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
5522                                 if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
5523                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5524                                 }
5525                                 $last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
5526                         }
5527                 }
5528
5529 # check for missing a space in a string concatenation
5530                 if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
5531                         WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
5532                              "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
5533                 }
5534
5535 # check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
5536 # This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
5537 # context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
5538 # function declarations
5539                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
5540                     defined($context_function) &&
5541                     get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
5542                     length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
5543                         WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
5544                              "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
5545                 }
5546
5547 # check for spaces before a quoted newline
5548                 if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
5549                         if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
5550                                  "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
5551                             $fix) {
5552                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
5553                         }
5554
5555                 }
5556
5557 # concatenated string without spaces between elements
5558                 if ($line =~ /$String[A-Za-z0-9_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
5559                         if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
5560                                 "Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
5561                             $fix) {
5562                                 while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
5563                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
5564                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
5565                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
5566                                 }
5567                         }
5568                 }
5569
5570 # uncoalesced string fragments
5571                 if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
5572                         if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
5573                                  "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
5574                             $fix) {
5575                                 while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
5576                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
5577                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
5578                                 }
5579                         }
5580                 }
5581
5582 # check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
5583                 my $show_L = 1; #don't show the same defect twice
5584                 my $show_Z = 1;
5585                 while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
5586                         my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
5587                         $string =~ s/%%/__/g;
5588                         # check for %L
5589                         if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
5590                                 WARN("PRINTF_L",
5591                                      "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
5592                                 $show_L = 0;
5593                         }
5594                         # check for %Z
5595                         if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
5596                                 WARN("PRINTF_Z",
5597                                      "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
5598                                 $show_Z = 0;
5599                         }
5600                         # check for 0x<decimal>
5601                         if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
5602                                 ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
5603                                       "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
5604                         }
5605                 }
5606
5607 # check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
5608                 if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
5609                         WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5610                              "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
5611                 }
5612
5613 # warn about #if 0
5614                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
5615                         WARN("IF_0",
5616                              "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
5617                 }
5618
5619 # warn about #if 1
5620                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
5621                         WARN("IF_1",
5622                              "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
5623                 }
5624
5625 # check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
5626                 if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
5627                         my $tested = quotemeta($1);
5628                         my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
5629                         if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
5630                                 my $func = $1;
5631                                 if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
5632                                          "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
5633                                     $fix) {
5634                                         my $do_fix = 1;
5635                                         my $leading_tabs = "";
5636                                         my $new_leading_tabs = "";
5637                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
5638                                                 $leading_tabs = $1;
5639                                         } else {
5640                                                 $do_fix = 0;
5641                                         }
5642                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5643                                                 $new_leading_tabs = $1;
5644                                                 if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
5645                                                         $do_fix = 0;
5646                                                 }
5647                                         } else {
5648                                                 $do_fix = 0;
5649                                         }
5650                                         if ($do_fix) {
5651                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5652                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
5653                                         }
5654                                 }
5655                         }
5656                 }
5657
5658 # check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
5659                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
5660                     $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
5661                     (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
5662                     $linenr > 3) {
5663                         my $testval = $2;
5664                         my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
5665
5666                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
5667 #                       print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
5668
5669                         if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*$allocFunctions\s*\(/ &&
5670                             $s !~ /\b__GFP_NOWARN\b/ ) {
5671                                 WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
5672                                      "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
5673                         }
5674                 }
5675
5676 # check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
5677                 if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
5678                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
5679                         my $level = $1;
5680                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
5681                                  "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
5682                             $fix) {
5683                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
5684                         }
5685                 }
5686
5687 # check for logging continuations
5688                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
5689                         WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
5690                              "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
5691                 }
5692
5693 # check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
5694                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5695                     $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
5696                     $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
5697                         WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
5698                              "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
5699                 }
5700
5701 # check for pointer comparisons to NULL
5702                 if ($perl_version_ok) {
5703                         while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
5704                                 my $val = $1;
5705                                 my $equal = "!";
5706                                 $equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
5707                                 if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
5708                                         "Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
5709                                             $fix) {
5710                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
5711                                 }
5712                         }
5713                 }
5714
5715 # check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
5716                 if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
5717                         my $attr = $1;
5718                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
5719                                 my $ptr = $1;
5720                                 my $var = $2;
5721                                 if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5722                                       ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
5723                                             "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
5724                                      ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5725                                       WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
5726                                            "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
5727                                     $fix) {
5728                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
5729                                 }
5730                         }
5731                 }
5732
5733 # check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
5734                 if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
5735                         my $attr = $1;
5736                         $attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
5737                         my $attr_prefix = $1;
5738                         my $attr_type = $2;
5739                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5740                                   "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
5741                             $fix) {
5742                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5743                                     s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
5744                         }
5745                 }
5746
5747 # check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
5748                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
5749                         my $attr = $1;
5750                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5751                                   "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
5752                             $fix) {
5753                                 my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5754                                     /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
5755                                 $lead = rtrim($1);
5756                                 $lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
5757                                 $lead = "${lead}const ";
5758                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
5759                         }
5760                 }
5761
5762 # check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
5763                 if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
5764                     $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
5765                         if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
5766                                   "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
5767                             $fix) {
5768                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
5769                         }
5770                 }
5771
5772 # don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
5773                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
5774                     $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
5775                         my $constant_func = $1;
5776                         my $func = $constant_func;
5777                         $func =~ s/^__constant_//;
5778                         if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
5779                                  "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
5780                             $fix) {
5781                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
5782                         }
5783                 }
5784
5785 # prefer usleep_range over udelay
5786                 if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
5787                         my $delay = $1;
5788                         # ignore udelay's < 10, however
5789                         if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
5790                                 CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
5791                                     "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
5792                         }
5793                         if ($delay > 2000) {
5794                                 WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
5795                                      "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
5796                         }
5797                 }
5798
5799 # warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
5800                 if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
5801                         if ($1 < 20) {
5802                                 WARN("MSLEEP",
5803                                      "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
5804                         }
5805                 }
5806
5807 # check for comparisons of jiffies
5808                 if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
5809                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5810                              "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5811                 }
5812
5813 # check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
5814                 if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
5815                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5816                              "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5817                 }
5818
5819 # warn about #ifdefs in C files
5820 #               if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
5821 #                       print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
5822 #                       print "$herecurr";
5823 #                       $clean = 0;
5824 #               }
5825
5826 # warn about spacing in #ifdefs
5827                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
5828                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5829                                   "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5830                             $fix) {
5831                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5832                                     s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
5833                         }
5834
5835                 }
5836
5837 # check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
5838                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
5839                     $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
5840                         my $which = $1;
5841                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5842                                 CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
5843                                     "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5844                         }
5845                 }
5846 # check for memory barriers without a comment.
5847
5848                 my $barriers = qr{
5849                         mb|
5850                         rmb|
5851                         wmb|
5852                         read_barrier_depends
5853                 }x;
5854                 my $barrier_stems = qr{
5855                         mb__before_atomic|
5856                         mb__after_atomic|
5857                         store_release|
5858                         load_acquire|
5859                         store_mb|
5860                         (?:$barriers)
5861                 }x;
5862                 my $all_barriers = qr{
5863                         (?:$barriers)|
5864                         smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
5865                         virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
5866                 }x;
5867
5868                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5869                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5870                                 WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5871                                      "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5872                         }
5873                 }
5874
5875                 my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
5876
5877                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
5878                     $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
5879                     $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
5880                     $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5881                         WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5882                              "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
5883                 }
5884
5885 # check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
5886                 if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
5887                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5888                                 WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
5889                                      "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5890                         }
5891                 }
5892
5893 # check for smp_read_barrier_depends and read_barrier_depends
5894                 if (!$file && $line =~ /\b(smp_|)read_barrier_depends\s*\(/) {
5895                         WARN("READ_BARRIER_DEPENDS",
5896                              "$1read_barrier_depends should only be used in READ_ONCE or DEC Alpha code\n" . $herecurr);
5897                 }
5898
5899 # check of hardware specific defines
5900                 if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
5901                         CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
5902                             "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
5903                 }
5904
5905 # check that the storage class is not after a type
5906                 if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
5907                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5908                              "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
5909                 }
5910 # Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
5911                 if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
5912                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
5913                     $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
5914                     $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
5915                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5916                              "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
5917                 }
5918
5919 # check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
5920 # storage class and type.
5921                 if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
5922                     $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
5923                         ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
5924                               "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
5925                 }
5926
5927 # Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
5928                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5929                     $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
5930                         if (WARN("INLINE",
5931                                  "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5932                             $fix) {
5933                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
5934
5935                         }
5936                 }
5937
5938 # Check for __attribute__ packed, prefer __packed
5939                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5940                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bpacked\b/) {
5941                         WARN("PREFER_PACKED",
5942                              "__packed is preferred over __attribute__((packed))\n" . $herecurr);
5943                 }
5944
5945 # Check for __attribute__ aligned, prefer __aligned
5946                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5947                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*aligned/) {
5948                         WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED",
5949                              "__aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))\n" . $herecurr);
5950                 }
5951
5952 # Check for __attribute__ section, prefer __section
5953                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5954                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*_*section_*\s*\(\s*("[^"]*")/) {
5955                         my $old = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
5956                         my $new = substr($old, 1, -1);
5957                         if (WARN("PREFER_SECTION",
5958                                  "__section($new) is preferred over __attribute__((section($old)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5959                             $fix) {
5960                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*_*section_*\s*\(\s*\Q$old\E\s*\)\s*\)\s*\)/__section($new)/;
5961                         }
5962                 }
5963
5964 # Check for __attribute__ format(printf, prefer __printf
5965                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5966                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) {
5967                         if (WARN("PREFER_PRINTF",
5968                                  "__printf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(printf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5969                             $fix) {
5970                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__printf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5971
5972                         }
5973                 }
5974
5975 # Check for __attribute__ format(scanf, prefer __scanf
5976                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5977                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\b/) {
5978                         if (WARN("PREFER_SCANF",
5979                                  "__scanf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(scanf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5980                             $fix) {
5981                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__scanf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5982                         }
5983                 }
5984
5985 # Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
5986                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5987                     $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
5988                     ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
5989                      $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
5990                         ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
5991                               "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
5992                 }
5993
5994 # check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
5995                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5996                     $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
5997                     $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
5998                         my $type = $1;
5999                         if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
6000                                 $type = $1;
6001                                 my $kernel_type = 'u';
6002                                 $kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
6003                                 $type =~ /(\d+)/;
6004                                 $kernel_type .= $1;
6005                                 if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
6006                                         "Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6007                                     $fix) {
6008                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
6009                                 }
6010                         }
6011                 }
6012
6013 # check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
6014                 if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
6015                         my $cast = $1;
6016                         my $const = $2;
6017                         if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
6018                                  "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant\n" . $herecurr) &&
6019                             $fix) {
6020                                 my $suffix = "";
6021                                 my $newconst = $const;
6022                                 $newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
6023                                 $suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
6024                                 if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
6025                                         $suffix .= 'LL';
6026                                 } elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
6027                                         $suffix .= 'L';
6028                                 }
6029                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
6030                         }
6031                 }
6032
6033 # check for sizeof(&)
6034                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
6035                         WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
6036                              "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
6037                 }
6038
6039 # check for sizeof without parenthesis
6040                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
6041                         if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
6042                                  "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
6043                             $fix) {
6044                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
6045                         }
6046                 }
6047
6048 # check for struct spinlock declarations
6049                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
6050                         WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
6051                              "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
6052                 }
6053
6054 # check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
6055                 if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6056                         my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6057                         $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6058                         if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
6059                                 if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
6060                                          "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
6061                                     $fix) {
6062                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
6063                                 }
6064                         }
6065                 }
6066
6067 # check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
6068                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6069                     defined $stat &&
6070                     $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
6071                     $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
6072                         my $stat_real;
6073
6074                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6075                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6076                         for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
6077                                 my $specifier;
6078                                 my $extension;
6079                                 my $qualifier;
6080                                 my $bad_specifier = "";
6081                                 my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
6082                                 $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6083
6084                                 while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w)(\w*))/g) {
6085                                         $specifier = $1;
6086                                         $extension = $2;
6087                                         $qualifier = $3;
6088                                         if ($extension !~ /[SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
6089                                             ($extension eq "f" &&
6090                                              defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/)) {
6091                                                 $bad_specifier = $specifier;
6092                                                 last;
6093                                         }
6094                                         if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
6095                                                 if (!defined($stat_real)) {
6096                                                         $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6097                                                 }
6098                                                 WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
6099                                                      "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6100                                         }
6101                                 }
6102                                 if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
6103                                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6104                                         my $ext_type = "Invalid";
6105                                         my $use = "";
6106                                         if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
6107                                                 $use = " - use %pS instead";
6108                                                 $use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
6109                                         }
6110
6111                                         WARN("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
6112                                              "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6113                                 }
6114                         }
6115                 }
6116
6117 # Check for misused memsets
6118                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6119                     defined $stat &&
6120                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6121
6122                         my $ms_addr = $2;
6123                         my $ms_val = $7;
6124                         my $ms_size = $12;
6125
6126                         if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
6127                                 ERROR("MEMSET",
6128                                       "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6129                         } elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
6130                                 WARN("MEMSET",
6131                                      "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6132                         }
6133                 }
6134
6135 # Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
6136 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6137 #                   defined $stat &&
6138 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6139 #                       if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
6140 #                                "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6141 #                           $fix) {
6142 #                               $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
6143 #                       }
6144 #               }
6145
6146 # Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
6147 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6148 #                   defined $stat &&
6149 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6150 #                       WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
6151 #                            "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
6152 #               }
6153
6154 # check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
6155 # check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
6156 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6157 #                   defined $stat &&
6158 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6159 #
6160 #                       my $ms_val = $7;
6161 #
6162 #                       if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6163 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6164 #                                        "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6165 #                                   $fix) {
6166 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6167 #                               }
6168 #                       } elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6169 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6170 #                                        "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6171 #                                   $fix) {
6172 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
6173 #                               }
6174 #                       }
6175 #               }
6176
6177 # typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
6178                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6179                     defined $stat &&
6180                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6181                         if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
6182                                 my $call = $1;
6183                                 my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
6184                                 my $arg1 = $3;
6185                                 my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
6186                                 my $arg2 = $8;
6187                                 my $cast;
6188
6189                                 if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
6190                                         $cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
6191                                 } elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
6192                                         $cast = $cast1;
6193                                 } else {
6194                                         $cast = $cast2;
6195                                 }
6196                                 WARN("MINMAX",
6197                                      "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6198                         }
6199                 }
6200
6201 # check usleep_range arguments
6202                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6203                     defined $stat &&
6204                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
6205                         my $min = $1;
6206                         my $max = $7;
6207                         if ($min eq $max) {
6208                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6209                                      "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6210                         } elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
6211                                  $min > $max) {
6212                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6213                                      "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6214                         }
6215                 }
6216
6217 # check for naked sscanf
6218                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6219                     defined $stat &&
6220                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
6221                     ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
6222                      $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
6223                      $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
6224                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6225                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6226                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6227                         WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
6228                              "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6229                 }
6230
6231 # check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
6232                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6233                     defined $stat &&
6234                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
6235                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6236                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6237                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6238                         if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
6239                                 my $format = $6;
6240                                 my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
6241                                 if ($count == 1 &&
6242                                     $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
6243                                         WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
6244                                              "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6245                                 }
6246                         }
6247                 }
6248
6249 # check for new externs in .h files.
6250                 if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
6251                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
6252                         if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6253                                 "extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
6254                             $fix) {
6255                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
6256                         }
6257                 }
6258
6259 # check for new externs in .c files.
6260                 if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6261                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
6262                 {
6263                         my $function_name = $1;
6264                         my $paren_space = $2;
6265
6266                         my $s = $stat;
6267                         if (defined $cond) {
6268                                 substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
6269                         }
6270                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/ &&
6271                             $function_name ne 'uninitialized_var')
6272                         {
6273                                 WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6274                                      "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6275                         }
6276
6277                         if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
6278                                 WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6279                                      "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
6280                         }
6281
6282                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6283                     $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
6284                 {
6285                         WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6286                              "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6287                 }
6288
6289 # check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
6290 # while avoiding uninitialized_var(x)
6291                 if (defined $stat &&
6292                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:($Ident)|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
6293                     (!defined($1) ||
6294                      (defined($1) && $1 ne "uninitialized_var")) &&
6295                      $2 ne "void") {
6296                         my $args = trim($2);
6297                         while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
6298                                 my $arg = trim($1);
6299                                 if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ &&
6300                                         $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
6301                                         WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6302                                              "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
6303                                 }
6304                         }
6305                 }
6306
6307 # check for function definitions
6308                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6309                     defined $stat &&
6310                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
6311                         $context_function = $1;
6312
6313 # check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
6314                         my $ok = 0;
6315                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6316                         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6317                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
6318                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
6319                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
6320                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
6321                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
6322                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
6323                         }
6324                         if (!$ok) {
6325                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
6326                                       "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
6327                         }
6328                 }
6329
6330 # checks for new __setup's
6331                 if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
6332                         my $name = $1;
6333
6334                         if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
6335                                 CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
6336                                     "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6337                         }
6338                 }
6339
6340 # check for pointless casting of alloc functions
6341                 if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*$allocFunctions\b/) {
6342                         WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
6343                              "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
6344                 }
6345
6346 # alloc style
6347 # p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
6348                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6349                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k|v)[mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
6350                         CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
6351                             "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
6352                 }
6353
6354 # check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
6355                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6356                     defined $stat &&
6357                     $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
6358                         my $oldfunc = $3;
6359                         my $a1 = $4;
6360                         my $a2 = $10;
6361                         my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
6362                         $newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
6363                         my $r1 = $a1;
6364                         my $r2 = $a2;
6365                         if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
6366                                 $r1 = $a2;
6367                                 $r2 = $a1;
6368                         }
6369                         if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
6370                             !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
6371                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6372                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6373
6374                                 if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
6375                                          "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
6376                                     $cnt == 1 &&
6377                                     $fix) {
6378                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
6379                                 }
6380                         }
6381                 }
6382
6383 # check for krealloc arg reuse
6384                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6385                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
6386                     $1 eq $3) {
6387                         WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
6388                              "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
6389                 }
6390
6391 # check for alloc argument mismatch
6392                 if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
6393                         WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
6394                              "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
6395                 }
6396
6397 # check for multiple semicolons
6398                 if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
6399                         if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
6400                                  "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
6401                             $fix) {
6402                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
6403                         }
6404                 }
6405
6406 # check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
6407                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6408                     $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
6409                         my $ull = "";
6410                         $ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
6411                         if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
6412                                 "Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
6413                             $fix) {
6414                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
6415                         }
6416                 }
6417
6418 # check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
6419                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(CONFIG_[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
6420                         my $config = $1;
6421                         if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
6422                                  "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to CONFIG_<FOO> || CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
6423                             $fix) {
6424                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
6425                         }
6426                 }
6427
6428 # check for case / default statements not preceded by break/fallthrough/switch
6429                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)\s*|default):/) {
6430                         my $has_break = 0;
6431                         my $has_statement = 0;
6432                         my $count = 0;
6433                         my $prevline = $linenr;
6434                         while ($prevline > 1 && ($file || $count < 3) && !$has_break) {
6435                                 $prevline--;
6436                                 my $rline = $rawlines[$prevline - 1];
6437                                 my $fline = $lines[$prevline - 1];
6438                                 last if ($fline =~ /^\@\@/);
6439                                 next if ($fline =~ /^\-/);
6440                                 next if ($fline =~ /^.(?:\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)[\s$;]*|default):[\s$;]*)*$/);
6441                                 $has_break = 1 if ($rline =~ /fall[\s_-]*(through|thru)/i);
6442                                 next if ($fline =~ /^.[\s$;]*$/);
6443                                 $has_statement = 1;
6444                                 $count++;
6445                                 $has_break = 1 if ($fline =~ /\bswitch\b|\b(?:break\s*;[\s$;]*$|exit\s*\(\b|return\b|goto\b|continue\b)/);
6446                         }
6447                         if (!$has_break && $has_statement) {
6448                                 WARN("MISSING_BREAK",
6449                                      "Possible switch case/default not preceded by break or fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
6450                         }
6451                 }
6452
6453 # check for /* fallthrough */ like comment, prefer fallthrough;
6454                 my @fallthroughs = (
6455                         'fallthrough',
6456                         '@fallthrough@',
6457                         'lint -fallthrough[ \t]*',
6458                         'intentional(?:ly)?[ \t]*fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)',
6459                         '(?:else,?\s*)?FALL(?:S | |-)?THR(?:OUGH|U|EW)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
6460                         'Fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
6461                         'fall(?:s | |-)?thr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
6462                     );
6463                 if ($raw_comment ne '') {
6464                         foreach my $ft (@fallthroughs) {
6465                                 if ($raw_comment =~ /$ft/) {
6466                                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
6467                                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
6468                                         &{$msg_level}("PREFER_FALLTHROUGH",
6469                                                       "Prefer 'fallthrough;' over fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
6470                                         last;
6471                                 }
6472                         }
6473                 }
6474
6475 # check for switch/default statements without a break;
6476                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6477                     defined $stat &&
6478                     $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
6479                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6480                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6481
6482                         WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
6483                              "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
6484                 }
6485
6486 # check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
6487                 if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
6488                         if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
6489                                  "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
6490                             $fix) {
6491                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
6492                         }
6493                 }
6494
6495 # check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
6496                 while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
6497                         ERROR("DATE_TIME",
6498                               "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
6499                 }
6500
6501 # check for use of yield()
6502                 if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6503                         WARN("YIELD",
6504                              "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
6505                 }
6506
6507 # check for comparisons against true and false
6508                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
6509                         my $lead = $1;
6510                         my $arg = $2;
6511                         my $test = $3;
6512                         my $otype = $4;
6513                         my $trail = $5;
6514                         my $op = "!";
6515
6516                         ($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
6517
6518                         my $type = lc($otype);
6519                         if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
6520                                 if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
6521                                     ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
6522                                         $op = "";
6523                                 }
6524
6525                                 CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
6526                                     "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
6527
6528 ## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
6529 ##                                  "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
6530
6531                         }
6532                 }
6533
6534 # check for semaphores initialized locked
6535                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
6536                         WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
6537                              "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
6538                 }
6539
6540 # recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
6541                 if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
6542                         WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
6543                              "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
6544                 }
6545
6546 # check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
6547                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
6548                         WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
6549                              "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
6550                 }
6551
6552 # check for spin_is_locked(), suggest lockdep instead
6553                 if ($line =~ /\bspin_is_locked\(/) {
6554                         WARN("USE_LOCKDEP",
6555                              "Where possible, use lockdep_assert_held instead of assertions based on spin_is_locked\n" . $herecurr);
6556                 }
6557
6558 # check for deprecated apis
6559                 if ($line =~ /\b($deprecated_apis_search)\b\s*\(/) {
6560                         my $deprecated_api = $1;
6561                         my $new_api = $deprecated_apis{$deprecated_api};
6562                         WARN("DEPRECATED_API",
6563                              "Deprecated use of '$deprecated_api', prefer '$new_api' instead\n" . $herecurr);
6564                 }
6565
6566 # check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
6567 # and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
6568                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
6569                     $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
6570                         WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
6571                              "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
6572                 }
6573
6574 # use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
6575 # ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
6576                 if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6577                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6578                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6579                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
6580                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
6581                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
6582                 {
6583                         WARN("NR_CPUS",
6584                              "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
6585                 }
6586
6587 # Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
6588                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
6589                         ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
6590                               "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
6591                 }
6592
6593 # likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
6594                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6595                     $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
6596                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
6597                              "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
6598                 }
6599
6600 # nested likely/unlikely calls
6601                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
6602                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
6603                              "nested (un)?likely() calls, $1 already uses unlikely() internally\n" . $herecurr);
6604                 }
6605
6606 # whine mightly about in_atomic
6607                 if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
6608                         if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
6609                                 ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
6610                                       "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
6611                         } elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
6612                                 WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
6613                                      "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
6614                         }
6615                 }
6616
6617 # check for mutex_trylock_recursive usage
6618                 if ($line =~ /mutex_trylock_recursive/) {
6619                         ERROR("LOCKING",
6620                               "recursive locking is bad, do not use this ever.\n" . $herecurr);
6621                 }
6622
6623 # check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
6624                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
6625                     $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
6626                         if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
6627                             $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
6628                             $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
6629                                 ERROR("LOCKDEP",
6630                                       "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
6631                         }
6632                 }
6633
6634                 if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
6635                     $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
6636                         WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
6637                              "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
6638                 }
6639
6640 # check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
6641 # and whether or not function naming is typical and if
6642 # DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
6643                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6644                     defined $stat &&
6645                     $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
6646                         my $var = $1;
6647                         my $perms = $2;
6648                         my $show = $3;
6649                         my $store = $4;
6650                         my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
6651                         if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
6652                             $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
6653                             $octal_perms eq "0644") {
6654                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
6655                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
6656                                     $fix) {
6657                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
6658                                 }
6659                         } elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
6660                                  $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
6661                                  $octal_perms eq "0444") {
6662                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
6663                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
6664                                     $fix) {
6665                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
6666                                 }
6667                         } elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
6668                                  $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
6669                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
6670                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
6671                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
6672                                     $fix) {
6673                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
6674                                 }
6675                         } elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
6676                                  $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
6677                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
6678                                 my $newshow = "$show";
6679                                 $newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
6680                                 my $newstore = $store;
6681                                 $newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
6682                                 my $rename = "";
6683                                 if ($show ne $newshow) {
6684                                         $rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
6685                                 }
6686                                 if ($store ne $newstore) {
6687                                         $rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
6688                                 }
6689                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
6690                                      "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
6691                         } else {
6692                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
6693                                      "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
6694                         }
6695                 }
6696
6697 # Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
6698 # This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
6699 # o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
6700 #   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
6701 # o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
6702 #   use the default permissions
6703                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6704                     defined $stat &&
6705                     $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
6706                         foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
6707                                 my $func = $entry->[0];
6708                                 my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
6709
6710                                 my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6711                                 $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6712                                 my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6713
6714                                 my $skip_args = "";
6715                                 if ($arg_pos > 1) {
6716                                         $arg_pos--;
6717                                         $skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
6718                                 }
6719                                 my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
6720                                 if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
6721                                         my $val = $1;
6722                                         $val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
6723                                         if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
6724                                             (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
6725                                              ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
6726                                                 ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
6727                                                       "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
6728                                         }
6729                                         if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
6730                                                 ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
6731                                                       "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
6732                                         }
6733                                 }
6734                         }
6735                 }
6736
6737 # check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
6738                 while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
6739                         my $oval = $1;
6740                         my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
6741                         if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
6742                                  "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
6743                             $fix) {
6744                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
6745                         }
6746                 }
6747
6748 # validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
6749                 if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
6750                         my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6751                         my $valid_licenses = qr{
6752                                                 GPL|
6753                                                 GPL\ v2|
6754                                                 GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
6755                                                 Dual\ BSD/GPL|
6756                                                 Dual\ MIT/GPL|
6757                                                 Dual\ MPL/GPL|
6758                                                 Proprietary
6759                                         }x;
6760                         if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
6761                                 WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
6762                                      "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
6763                         }
6764                 }
6765
6766 # check for sysctl duplicate constants
6767                 if ($line =~ /\.extra[12]\s*=\s*&(zero|one|int_max)\b/) {
6768                         WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
6769                                 "duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
6770                 }
6771         }
6772
6773         # If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
6774         # so just keep quiet.
6775         if ($#rawlines == -1) {
6776                 exit(0);
6777         }
6778
6779         # In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
6780         # things that appear to be patches.
6781         if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
6782                 exit(0);
6783         }
6784
6785         # This is not a patch, and we are are in 'no-patch' mode so
6786         # just keep quiet.
6787         if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
6788                 exit(0);
6789         }
6790
6791         if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
6792                 ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
6793                       "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
6794         }
6795         if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
6796                 if ($signoff == 0) {
6797                         ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
6798                               "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
6799                 } elsif (!$authorsignoff) {
6800                         WARN("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
6801                              "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
6802                 }
6803         }
6804
6805         print report_dump();
6806         if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
6807                 print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
6808                 print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
6809                         (($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
6810                         "$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
6811         }
6812
6813         if ($quiet == 0) {
6814                 # If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
6815                 if (!$clean and !$fix) {
6816                         print << "EOM"
6817
6818 NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
6819       mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
6820 EOM
6821                 }
6822                 # If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
6823                 # then suggest that.
6824                 if ($rpt_cleaners) {
6825                         $rpt_cleaners = 0;
6826                         print << "EOM"
6827
6828 NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
6829       You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
6830 EOM
6831                 }
6832         }
6833
6834         if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
6835             ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
6836              $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
6837                 my $newfile = $filename;
6838                 $newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
6839                 my $linecount = 0;
6840                 my $f;
6841
6842                 @fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
6843
6844                 open($f, '>', $newfile)
6845                     or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
6846                 foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
6847                         $linecount++;
6848                         if ($file) {
6849                                 if ($linecount > 3) {
6850                                         $fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
6851                                         print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6852                                 }
6853                         } else {
6854                                 print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6855                         }
6856                 }
6857                 close($f);
6858
6859                 if (!$quiet) {
6860                         print << "EOM";
6861
6862 Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
6863
6864 Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
6865 Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
6866
6867 This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
6868 No warranties, expressed or implied...
6869 EOM
6870                 }
6871         }
6872
6873         if ($quiet == 0) {
6874                 print "\n";
6875                 if ($clean == 1) {
6876                         print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
6877                 } else {
6878                         print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
6879                 }
6880         }
6881         return $clean;
6882 }