1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <linux/percpu.h>
3 #include <linux/sched.h>
4 #include <linux/osq_lock.h>
7 * An MCS like lock especially tailored for optimistic spinning for sleeping
8 * lock implementations (mutex, rwsem, etc).
10 * Using a single mcs node per CPU is safe because sleeping locks should not be
11 * called from interrupt context and we have preemption disabled while
14 static DEFINE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED(struct optimistic_spin_node, osq_node);
17 * We use the value 0 to represent "no CPU", thus the encoded value
18 * will be the CPU number incremented by 1.
20 static inline int encode_cpu(int cpu_nr)
25 static inline int node_cpu(struct optimistic_spin_node *node)
30 static inline struct optimistic_spin_node *decode_cpu(int encoded_cpu_val)
32 int cpu_nr = encoded_cpu_val - 1;
34 return per_cpu_ptr(&osq_node, cpu_nr);
38 * Get a stable @node->next pointer, either for unlock() or unqueue() purposes.
39 * Can return NULL in case we were the last queued and we updated @lock instead.
41 static inline struct optimistic_spin_node *
42 osq_wait_next(struct optimistic_spin_queue *lock,
43 struct optimistic_spin_node *node,
44 struct optimistic_spin_node *prev)
46 struct optimistic_spin_node *next = NULL;
47 int curr = encode_cpu(smp_processor_id());
51 * If there is a prev node in queue, then the 'old' value will be
52 * the prev node's CPU #, else it's set to OSQ_UNLOCKED_VAL since if
53 * we're currently last in queue, then the queue will then become empty.
55 old = prev ? prev->cpu : OSQ_UNLOCKED_VAL;
58 if (atomic_read(&lock->tail) == curr &&
59 atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(&lock->tail, curr, old) == curr) {
61 * We were the last queued, we moved @lock back. @prev
62 * will now observe @lock and will complete its
69 * We must xchg() the @node->next value, because if we were to
70 * leave it in, a concurrent unlock()/unqueue() from
71 * @node->next might complete Step-A and think its @prev is
74 * If the concurrent unlock()/unqueue() wins the race, we'll
75 * wait for either @lock to point to us, through its Step-B, or
76 * wait for a new @node->next from its Step-C.
79 next = xchg(&node->next, NULL);
90 bool osq_lock(struct optimistic_spin_queue *lock)
92 struct optimistic_spin_node *node = this_cpu_ptr(&osq_node);
93 struct optimistic_spin_node *prev, *next;
94 int curr = encode_cpu(smp_processor_id());
102 * We need both ACQUIRE (pairs with corresponding RELEASE in
103 * unlock() uncontended, or fastpath) and RELEASE (to publish
104 * the node fields we just initialised) semantics when updating
107 old = atomic_xchg(&lock->tail, curr);
108 if (old == OSQ_UNLOCKED_VAL)
111 prev = decode_cpu(old);
117 * node->prev = prev osq_wait_next()
119 * prev->next = node next->prev = prev // unqueue-C
121 * Here 'node->prev' and 'next->prev' are the same variable and we need
122 * to ensure these stores happen in-order to avoid corrupting the list.
126 WRITE_ONCE(prev->next, node);
129 * Normally @prev is untouchable after the above store; because at that
130 * moment unlock can proceed and wipe the node element from stack.
132 * However, since our nodes are static per-cpu storage, we're
133 * guaranteed their existence -- this allows us to apply
134 * cmpxchg in an attempt to undo our queueing.
138 * Wait to acquire the lock or cancellation. Note that need_resched()
139 * will come with an IPI, which will wake smp_cond_load_relaxed() if it
140 * is implemented with a monitor-wait. vcpu_is_preempted() relies on
141 * polling, be careful.
143 if (smp_cond_load_relaxed(&node->locked, VAL || need_resched() ||
144 vcpu_is_preempted(node_cpu(node->prev))))
149 * Step - A -- stabilize @prev
151 * Undo our @prev->next assignment; this will make @prev's
152 * unlock()/unqueue() wait for a next pointer since @lock points to us
158 * cpu_relax() below implies a compiler barrier which would
159 * prevent this comparison being optimized away.
161 if (data_race(prev->next) == node &&
162 cmpxchg(&prev->next, node, NULL) == node)
166 * We can only fail the cmpxchg() racing against an unlock(),
167 * in which case we should observe @node->locked becoming
170 if (smp_load_acquire(&node->locked))
176 * Or we race against a concurrent unqueue()'s step-B, in which
177 * case its step-C will write us a new @node->prev pointer.
179 prev = READ_ONCE(node->prev);
183 * Step - B -- stabilize @next
185 * Similar to unlock(), wait for @node->next or move @lock from @node
189 next = osq_wait_next(lock, node, prev);
196 * @prev is stable because its still waiting for a new @prev->next
197 * pointer, @next is stable because our @node->next pointer is NULL and
198 * it will wait in Step-A.
201 WRITE_ONCE(next->prev, prev);
202 WRITE_ONCE(prev->next, next);
207 void osq_unlock(struct optimistic_spin_queue *lock)
209 struct optimistic_spin_node *node, *next;
210 int curr = encode_cpu(smp_processor_id());
213 * Fast path for the uncontended case.
215 if (likely(atomic_cmpxchg_release(&lock->tail, curr,
216 OSQ_UNLOCKED_VAL) == curr))
220 * Second most likely case.
222 node = this_cpu_ptr(&osq_node);
223 next = xchg(&node->next, NULL);
225 WRITE_ONCE(next->locked, 1);
229 next = osq_wait_next(lock, node, NULL);
231 WRITE_ONCE(next->locked, 1);