1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /* Copyright (c) 2016 Facebook
5 #include <linux/jhash.h>
6 #include <linux/filter.h>
7 #include <linux/kernel.h>
8 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
9 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
10 #include <linux/irq_work.h>
11 #include <linux/btf_ids.h>
12 #include <linux/buildid.h>
13 #include "percpu_freelist.h"
15 #define STACK_CREATE_FLAG_MASK \
16 (BPF_F_NUMA_NODE | BPF_F_RDONLY | BPF_F_WRONLY | \
19 struct stack_map_bucket {
20 struct pcpu_freelist_node fnode;
26 struct bpf_stack_map {
29 struct pcpu_freelist freelist;
31 struct stack_map_bucket *buckets[];
34 /* irq_work to run up_read() for build_id lookup in nmi context */
35 struct stack_map_irq_work {
36 struct irq_work irq_work;
40 static void do_up_read(struct irq_work *entry)
42 struct stack_map_irq_work *work;
44 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT)))
47 work = container_of(entry, struct stack_map_irq_work, irq_work);
48 mmap_read_unlock_non_owner(work->mm);
51 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct stack_map_irq_work, up_read_work);
53 static inline bool stack_map_use_build_id(struct bpf_map *map)
55 return (map->map_flags & BPF_F_STACK_BUILD_ID);
58 static inline int stack_map_data_size(struct bpf_map *map)
60 return stack_map_use_build_id(map) ?
61 sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id) : sizeof(u64);
64 static int prealloc_elems_and_freelist(struct bpf_stack_map *smap)
66 u32 elem_size = sizeof(struct stack_map_bucket) + smap->map.value_size;
69 smap->elems = bpf_map_area_alloc(elem_size * smap->map.max_entries,
74 err = pcpu_freelist_init(&smap->freelist);
78 pcpu_freelist_populate(&smap->freelist, smap->elems, elem_size,
79 smap->map.max_entries);
83 bpf_map_area_free(smap->elems);
87 /* Called from syscall */
88 static struct bpf_map *stack_map_alloc(union bpf_attr *attr)
90 u32 value_size = attr->value_size;
91 struct bpf_stack_map *smap;
96 return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
98 if (attr->map_flags & ~STACK_CREATE_FLAG_MASK)
99 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
101 /* check sanity of attributes */
102 if (attr->max_entries == 0 || attr->key_size != 4 ||
103 value_size < 8 || value_size % 8)
104 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
106 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id) % sizeof(u64));
107 if (attr->map_flags & BPF_F_STACK_BUILD_ID) {
108 if (value_size % sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id) ||
109 value_size / sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id)
110 > sysctl_perf_event_max_stack)
111 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
112 } else if (value_size / 8 > sysctl_perf_event_max_stack)
113 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
115 /* hash table size must be power of 2 */
116 n_buckets = roundup_pow_of_two(attr->max_entries);
118 return ERR_PTR(-E2BIG);
120 cost = n_buckets * sizeof(struct stack_map_bucket *) + sizeof(*smap);
121 cost += n_buckets * (value_size + sizeof(struct stack_map_bucket));
122 smap = bpf_map_area_alloc(cost, bpf_map_attr_numa_node(attr));
124 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
126 bpf_map_init_from_attr(&smap->map, attr);
127 smap->map.value_size = value_size;
128 smap->n_buckets = n_buckets;
130 err = get_callchain_buffers(sysctl_perf_event_max_stack);
134 err = prealloc_elems_and_freelist(smap);
141 put_callchain_buffers();
143 bpf_map_area_free(smap);
147 static void stack_map_get_build_id_offset(struct bpf_stack_build_id *id_offs,
148 u64 *ips, u32 trace_nr, bool user)
151 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
152 bool irq_work_busy = false;
153 struct stack_map_irq_work *work = NULL;
155 if (irqs_disabled()) {
156 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT)) {
157 work = this_cpu_ptr(&up_read_work);
158 if (irq_work_is_busy(&work->irq_work)) {
159 /* cannot queue more up_read, fallback */
160 irq_work_busy = true;
164 * PREEMPT_RT does not allow to trylock mmap sem in
165 * interrupt disabled context. Force the fallback code.
167 irq_work_busy = true;
172 * We cannot do up_read() when the irq is disabled, because of
173 * risk to deadlock with rq_lock. To do build_id lookup when the
174 * irqs are disabled, we need to run up_read() in irq_work. We use
175 * a percpu variable to do the irq_work. If the irq_work is
176 * already used by another lookup, we fall back to report ips.
178 * Same fallback is used for kernel stack (!user) on a stackmap
181 if (!user || !current || !current->mm || irq_work_busy ||
182 !mmap_read_trylock_non_owner(current->mm)) {
183 /* cannot access current->mm, fall back to ips */
184 for (i = 0; i < trace_nr; i++) {
185 id_offs[i].status = BPF_STACK_BUILD_ID_IP;
186 id_offs[i].ip = ips[i];
187 memset(id_offs[i].build_id, 0, BUILD_ID_SIZE_MAX);
192 for (i = 0; i < trace_nr; i++) {
193 vma = find_vma(current->mm, ips[i]);
194 if (!vma || build_id_parse(vma, id_offs[i].build_id, NULL)) {
195 /* per entry fall back to ips */
196 id_offs[i].status = BPF_STACK_BUILD_ID_IP;
197 id_offs[i].ip = ips[i];
198 memset(id_offs[i].build_id, 0, BUILD_ID_SIZE_MAX);
201 id_offs[i].offset = (vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT) + ips[i]
203 id_offs[i].status = BPF_STACK_BUILD_ID_VALID;
207 mmap_read_unlock_non_owner(current->mm);
209 work->mm = current->mm;
210 irq_work_queue(&work->irq_work);
214 static struct perf_callchain_entry *
215 get_callchain_entry_for_task(struct task_struct *task, u32 init_nr)
217 #ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
218 struct perf_callchain_entry *entry;
221 entry = get_callchain_entry(&rctx);
226 entry->nr = init_nr +
227 stack_trace_save_tsk(task, (unsigned long *)(entry->ip + init_nr),
228 sysctl_perf_event_max_stack - init_nr, 0);
230 /* stack_trace_save_tsk() works on unsigned long array, while
231 * perf_callchain_entry uses u64 array. For 32-bit systems, it is
232 * necessary to fix this mismatch.
234 if (__BITS_PER_LONG != 64) {
235 unsigned long *from = (unsigned long *) entry->ip;
239 /* copy data from the end to avoid using extra buffer */
240 for (i = entry->nr - 1; i >= (int)init_nr; i--)
241 to[i] = (u64)(from[i]);
244 put_callchain_entry(rctx);
247 #else /* CONFIG_STACKTRACE */
252 static long __bpf_get_stackid(struct bpf_map *map,
253 struct perf_callchain_entry *trace, u64 flags)
255 struct bpf_stack_map *smap = container_of(map, struct bpf_stack_map, map);
256 struct stack_map_bucket *bucket, *new_bucket, *old_bucket;
257 u32 max_depth = map->value_size / stack_map_data_size(map);
258 /* stack_map_alloc() checks that max_depth <= sysctl_perf_event_max_stack */
259 u32 init_nr = sysctl_perf_event_max_stack - max_depth;
260 u32 skip = flags & BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK;
261 u32 hash, id, trace_nr, trace_len;
262 bool user = flags & BPF_F_USER_STACK;
266 /* get_perf_callchain() guarantees that trace->nr >= init_nr
267 * and trace-nr <= sysctl_perf_event_max_stack, so trace_nr <= max_depth
269 trace_nr = trace->nr - init_nr;
271 if (trace_nr <= skip)
272 /* skipping more than usable stack trace */
276 trace_len = trace_nr * sizeof(u64);
277 ips = trace->ip + skip + init_nr;
278 hash = jhash2((u32 *)ips, trace_len / sizeof(u32), 0);
279 id = hash & (smap->n_buckets - 1);
280 bucket = READ_ONCE(smap->buckets[id]);
282 hash_matches = bucket && bucket->hash == hash;
284 if (hash_matches && flags & BPF_F_FAST_STACK_CMP)
287 if (stack_map_use_build_id(map)) {
288 /* for build_id+offset, pop a bucket before slow cmp */
289 new_bucket = (struct stack_map_bucket *)
290 pcpu_freelist_pop(&smap->freelist);
291 if (unlikely(!new_bucket))
293 new_bucket->nr = trace_nr;
294 stack_map_get_build_id_offset(
295 (struct bpf_stack_build_id *)new_bucket->data,
296 ips, trace_nr, user);
297 trace_len = trace_nr * sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id);
298 if (hash_matches && bucket->nr == trace_nr &&
299 memcmp(bucket->data, new_bucket->data, trace_len) == 0) {
300 pcpu_freelist_push(&smap->freelist, &new_bucket->fnode);
303 if (bucket && !(flags & BPF_F_REUSE_STACKID)) {
304 pcpu_freelist_push(&smap->freelist, &new_bucket->fnode);
308 if (hash_matches && bucket->nr == trace_nr &&
309 memcmp(bucket->data, ips, trace_len) == 0)
311 if (bucket && !(flags & BPF_F_REUSE_STACKID))
314 new_bucket = (struct stack_map_bucket *)
315 pcpu_freelist_pop(&smap->freelist);
316 if (unlikely(!new_bucket))
318 memcpy(new_bucket->data, ips, trace_len);
321 new_bucket->hash = hash;
322 new_bucket->nr = trace_nr;
324 old_bucket = xchg(&smap->buckets[id], new_bucket);
326 pcpu_freelist_push(&smap->freelist, &old_bucket->fnode);
330 BPF_CALL_3(bpf_get_stackid, struct pt_regs *, regs, struct bpf_map *, map,
333 u32 max_depth = map->value_size / stack_map_data_size(map);
334 /* stack_map_alloc() checks that max_depth <= sysctl_perf_event_max_stack */
335 u32 init_nr = sysctl_perf_event_max_stack - max_depth;
336 bool user = flags & BPF_F_USER_STACK;
337 struct perf_callchain_entry *trace;
340 if (unlikely(flags & ~(BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK | BPF_F_USER_STACK |
341 BPF_F_FAST_STACK_CMP | BPF_F_REUSE_STACKID)))
344 trace = get_perf_callchain(regs, init_nr, kernel, user,
345 sysctl_perf_event_max_stack, false, false);
347 if (unlikely(!trace))
348 /* couldn't fetch the stack trace */
351 return __bpf_get_stackid(map, trace, flags);
354 const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stackid_proto = {
355 .func = bpf_get_stackid,
357 .ret_type = RET_INTEGER,
358 .arg1_type = ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
359 .arg2_type = ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR,
360 .arg3_type = ARG_ANYTHING,
363 static __u64 count_kernel_ip(struct perf_callchain_entry *trace)
367 while (nr_kernel < trace->nr) {
368 if (trace->ip[nr_kernel] == PERF_CONTEXT_USER)
375 BPF_CALL_3(bpf_get_stackid_pe, struct bpf_perf_event_data_kern *, ctx,
376 struct bpf_map *, map, u64, flags)
378 struct perf_event *event = ctx->event;
379 struct perf_callchain_entry *trace;
384 /* perf_sample_data doesn't have callchain, use bpf_get_stackid */
385 if (!(event->attr.sample_type & __PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN_EARLY))
386 return bpf_get_stackid((unsigned long)(ctx->regs),
387 (unsigned long) map, flags, 0, 0);
389 if (unlikely(flags & ~(BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK | BPF_F_USER_STACK |
390 BPF_F_FAST_STACK_CMP | BPF_F_REUSE_STACKID)))
393 user = flags & BPF_F_USER_STACK;
396 trace = ctx->data->callchain;
397 if (unlikely(!trace))
400 nr_kernel = count_kernel_ip(trace);
403 __u64 nr = trace->nr;
405 trace->nr = nr_kernel;
406 ret = __bpf_get_stackid(map, trace, flags);
411 u64 skip = flags & BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK;
414 if (skip > BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK)
417 flags = (flags & ~BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK) | skip;
418 ret = __bpf_get_stackid(map, trace, flags);
423 const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stackid_proto_pe = {
424 .func = bpf_get_stackid_pe,
426 .ret_type = RET_INTEGER,
427 .arg1_type = ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
428 .arg2_type = ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR,
429 .arg3_type = ARG_ANYTHING,
432 static long __bpf_get_stack(struct pt_regs *regs, struct task_struct *task,
433 struct perf_callchain_entry *trace_in,
434 void *buf, u32 size, u64 flags)
436 u32 init_nr, trace_nr, copy_len, elem_size, num_elem;
437 bool user_build_id = flags & BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID;
438 u32 skip = flags & BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK;
439 bool user = flags & BPF_F_USER_STACK;
440 struct perf_callchain_entry *trace;
445 if (unlikely(flags & ~(BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK | BPF_F_USER_STACK |
446 BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID)))
448 if (kernel && user_build_id)
451 elem_size = (user && user_build_id) ? sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id)
453 if (unlikely(size % elem_size))
456 /* cannot get valid user stack for task without user_mode regs */
457 if (task && user && !user_mode(regs))
460 num_elem = size / elem_size;
461 if (sysctl_perf_event_max_stack < num_elem)
464 init_nr = sysctl_perf_event_max_stack - num_elem;
468 else if (kernel && task)
469 trace = get_callchain_entry_for_task(task, init_nr);
471 trace = get_perf_callchain(regs, init_nr, kernel, user,
472 sysctl_perf_event_max_stack,
474 if (unlikely(!trace))
477 trace_nr = trace->nr - init_nr;
482 trace_nr = (trace_nr <= num_elem) ? trace_nr : num_elem;
483 copy_len = trace_nr * elem_size;
484 ips = trace->ip + skip + init_nr;
485 if (user && user_build_id)
486 stack_map_get_build_id_offset(buf, ips, trace_nr, user);
488 memcpy(buf, ips, copy_len);
491 memset(buf + copy_len, 0, size - copy_len);
497 memset(buf, 0, size);
501 BPF_CALL_4(bpf_get_stack, struct pt_regs *, regs, void *, buf, u32, size,
504 return __bpf_get_stack(regs, NULL, NULL, buf, size, flags);
507 const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stack_proto = {
508 .func = bpf_get_stack,
510 .ret_type = RET_INTEGER,
511 .arg1_type = ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
512 .arg2_type = ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM,
513 .arg3_type = ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
514 .arg4_type = ARG_ANYTHING,
517 BPF_CALL_4(bpf_get_task_stack, struct task_struct *, task, void *, buf,
518 u32, size, u64, flags)
520 struct pt_regs *regs;
523 if (!try_get_task_stack(task))
526 regs = task_pt_regs(task);
527 res = __bpf_get_stack(regs, task, NULL, buf, size, flags);
528 put_task_stack(task);
533 BTF_ID_LIST_SINGLE(bpf_get_task_stack_btf_ids, struct, task_struct)
535 const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_task_stack_proto = {
536 .func = bpf_get_task_stack,
538 .ret_type = RET_INTEGER,
539 .arg1_type = ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID,
540 .arg1_btf_id = &bpf_get_task_stack_btf_ids[0],
541 .arg2_type = ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM,
542 .arg3_type = ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
543 .arg4_type = ARG_ANYTHING,
546 BPF_CALL_4(bpf_get_stack_pe, struct bpf_perf_event_data_kern *, ctx,
547 void *, buf, u32, size, u64, flags)
549 struct pt_regs *regs = (struct pt_regs *)(ctx->regs);
550 struct perf_event *event = ctx->event;
551 struct perf_callchain_entry *trace;
556 if (!(event->attr.sample_type & __PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN_EARLY))
557 return __bpf_get_stack(regs, NULL, NULL, buf, size, flags);
559 if (unlikely(flags & ~(BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK | BPF_F_USER_STACK |
560 BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID)))
563 user = flags & BPF_F_USER_STACK;
567 trace = ctx->data->callchain;
568 if (unlikely(!trace))
571 nr_kernel = count_kernel_ip(trace);
574 __u64 nr = trace->nr;
576 trace->nr = nr_kernel;
577 err = __bpf_get_stack(regs, NULL, trace, buf, size, flags);
582 u64 skip = flags & BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK;
585 if (skip > BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK)
588 flags = (flags & ~BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK) | skip;
589 err = __bpf_get_stack(regs, NULL, trace, buf, size, flags);
594 memset(buf, 0, size);
599 const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stack_proto_pe = {
600 .func = bpf_get_stack_pe,
602 .ret_type = RET_INTEGER,
603 .arg1_type = ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
604 .arg2_type = ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM,
605 .arg3_type = ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
606 .arg4_type = ARG_ANYTHING,
609 /* Called from eBPF program */
610 static void *stack_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *key)
612 return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
615 /* Called from syscall */
616 int bpf_stackmap_copy(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value)
618 struct bpf_stack_map *smap = container_of(map, struct bpf_stack_map, map);
619 struct stack_map_bucket *bucket, *old_bucket;
620 u32 id = *(u32 *)key, trace_len;
622 if (unlikely(id >= smap->n_buckets))
625 bucket = xchg(&smap->buckets[id], NULL);
629 trace_len = bucket->nr * stack_map_data_size(map);
630 memcpy(value, bucket->data, trace_len);
631 memset(value + trace_len, 0, map->value_size - trace_len);
633 old_bucket = xchg(&smap->buckets[id], bucket);
635 pcpu_freelist_push(&smap->freelist, &old_bucket->fnode);
639 static int stack_map_get_next_key(struct bpf_map *map, void *key,
642 struct bpf_stack_map *smap = container_of(map,
643 struct bpf_stack_map, map);
646 WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_read_lock_held());
652 if (id >= smap->n_buckets || !smap->buckets[id])
658 while (id < smap->n_buckets && !smap->buckets[id])
661 if (id >= smap->n_buckets)
664 *(u32 *)next_key = id;
668 static int stack_map_update_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value,
674 /* Called from syscall or from eBPF program */
675 static int stack_map_delete_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *key)
677 struct bpf_stack_map *smap = container_of(map, struct bpf_stack_map, map);
678 struct stack_map_bucket *old_bucket;
679 u32 id = *(u32 *)key;
681 if (unlikely(id >= smap->n_buckets))
684 old_bucket = xchg(&smap->buckets[id], NULL);
686 pcpu_freelist_push(&smap->freelist, &old_bucket->fnode);
693 /* Called when map->refcnt goes to zero, either from workqueue or from syscall */
694 static void stack_map_free(struct bpf_map *map)
696 struct bpf_stack_map *smap = container_of(map, struct bpf_stack_map, map);
698 bpf_map_area_free(smap->elems);
699 pcpu_freelist_destroy(&smap->freelist);
700 bpf_map_area_free(smap);
701 put_callchain_buffers();
704 static int stack_trace_map_btf_id;
705 const struct bpf_map_ops stack_trace_map_ops = {
706 .map_meta_equal = bpf_map_meta_equal,
707 .map_alloc = stack_map_alloc,
708 .map_free = stack_map_free,
709 .map_get_next_key = stack_map_get_next_key,
710 .map_lookup_elem = stack_map_lookup_elem,
711 .map_update_elem = stack_map_update_elem,
712 .map_delete_elem = stack_map_delete_elem,
713 .map_check_btf = map_check_no_btf,
714 .map_btf_name = "bpf_stack_map",
715 .map_btf_id = &stack_trace_map_btf_id,
718 static int __init stack_map_init(void)
721 struct stack_map_irq_work *work;
723 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
724 work = per_cpu_ptr(&up_read_work, cpu);
725 init_irq_work(&work->irq_work, do_up_read);
729 subsys_initcall(stack_map_init);