1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
5 * helper functions for making synthetic files from sequences of records.
6 * initial implementation -- AV, Oct 2001.
10 #include <linux/export.h>
11 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
12 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
13 #include <linux/slab.h>
14 #include <linux/cred.h>
16 #include <linux/printk.h>
17 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
19 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
22 static void seq_set_overflow(struct seq_file *m)
27 static void *seq_buf_alloc(unsigned long size)
29 return kvmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
33 * seq_open - initialize sequential file
34 * @file: file we initialize
35 * @op: method table describing the sequence
37 * seq_open() sets @file, associating it with a sequence described
38 * by @op. @op->start() sets the iterator up and returns the first
39 * element of sequence. @op->stop() shuts it down. @op->next()
40 * returns the next element of sequence. @op->show() prints element
41 * into the buffer. In case of error ->start() and ->next() return
42 * ERR_PTR(error). In the end of sequence they return %NULL. ->show()
43 * returns 0 in case of success and negative number in case of error.
44 * Returning SEQ_SKIP means "discard this element and move on".
45 * Note: seq_open() will allocate a struct seq_file and store its
46 * pointer in @file->private_data. This pointer should not be modified.
48 int seq_open(struct file *file, const struct seq_operations *op)
52 WARN_ON(file->private_data);
54 p = kzalloc(sizeof(*p), GFP_KERNEL);
58 file->private_data = p;
63 // No refcounting: the lifetime of 'p' is constrained
64 // to the lifetime of the file.
68 * Wrappers around seq_open(e.g. swaps_open) need to be
69 * aware of this. If they set f_version themselves, they
70 * should call seq_open first and then set f_version.
75 * seq_files support lseek() and pread(). They do not implement
76 * write() at all, but we clear FMODE_PWRITE here for historical
79 * If a client of seq_files a) implements file.write() and b) wishes to
80 * support pwrite() then that client will need to implement its own
81 * file.open() which calls seq_open() and then sets FMODE_PWRITE.
83 file->f_mode &= ~FMODE_PWRITE;
86 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_open);
88 static int traverse(struct seq_file *m, loff_t offset)
90 loff_t pos = 0, index;
96 m->count = m->from = 0;
102 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size = PAGE_SIZE);
106 p = m->op->start(m, &index);
111 error = m->op->show(m, p);
114 if (unlikely(error)) {
118 if (seq_has_overflowed(m))
120 if (pos + m->count > offset) {
121 m->from = offset - pos;
133 p = m->op->next(m, p, &index);
143 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size <<= 1);
144 return !m->buf ? -ENOMEM : -EAGAIN;
148 * seq_read - ->read() method for sequential files.
149 * @file: the file to read from
150 * @buf: the buffer to read to
151 * @size: the maximum number of bytes to read
152 * @ppos: the current position in the file
154 * Ready-made ->f_op->read()
156 ssize_t seq_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
158 struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
165 mutex_lock(&m->lock);
168 * seq_file->op->..m_start/m_stop/m_next may do special actions
169 * or optimisations based on the file->f_version, so we want to
170 * pass the file->f_version to those methods.
172 * seq_file->version is just copy of f_version, and seq_file
173 * methods can treat it simply as file version.
174 * It is copied in first and copied out after all operations.
175 * It is convenient to have it as part of structure to avoid the
176 * need of passing another argument to all the seq_file methods.
178 m->version = file->f_version;
181 * if request is to read from zero offset, reset iterator to first
182 * record as it might have been already advanced by previous requests
190 /* Don't assume *ppos is where we left it */
191 if (unlikely(*ppos != m->read_pos)) {
192 while ((err = traverse(m, *ppos)) == -EAGAIN)
195 /* With prejudice... */
206 /* grab buffer if we didn't have one */
208 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size = PAGE_SIZE);
212 /* if not empty - flush it first */
214 n = min(m->count, size);
215 err = copy_to_user(buf, m->buf + m->from, n);
230 /* we need at least one record in buffer */
232 p = m->op->start(m, &pos);
237 err = m->op->show(m, p);
242 if (unlikely(!m->count)) {
243 p = m->op->next(m, p, &pos);
247 if (m->count < m->size)
252 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size <<= 1);
257 p = m->op->start(m, &pos);
263 /* they want more? let's try to get some more */
264 while (m->count < size) {
265 size_t offs = m->count;
267 p = m->op->next(m, p, &next);
268 if (!p || IS_ERR(p)) {
272 err = m->op->show(m, p);
273 if (seq_has_overflowed(m) || err) {
275 if (likely(err <= 0))
281 n = min(m->count, size);
282 err = copy_to_user(buf, m->buf, n);
297 m->read_pos += copied;
299 file->f_version = m->version;
300 mutex_unlock(&m->lock);
309 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_read);
312 * seq_lseek - ->llseek() method for sequential files.
313 * @file: the file in question
314 * @offset: new position
315 * @whence: 0 for absolute, 1 for relative position
317 * Ready-made ->f_op->llseek()
319 loff_t seq_lseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
321 struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
322 loff_t retval = -EINVAL;
324 mutex_lock(&m->lock);
325 m->version = file->f_version;
328 offset += file->f_pos;
333 if (offset != m->read_pos) {
334 while ((retval = traverse(m, offset)) == -EAGAIN)
337 /* with extreme prejudice... */
344 m->read_pos = offset;
345 retval = file->f_pos = offset;
348 file->f_pos = offset;
351 file->f_version = m->version;
352 mutex_unlock(&m->lock);
355 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_lseek);
358 * seq_release - free the structures associated with sequential file.
359 * @file: file in question
362 * Frees the structures associated with sequential file; can be used
363 * as ->f_op->release() if you don't have private data to destroy.
365 int seq_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
367 struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
372 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_release);
375 * seq_escape - print string into buffer, escaping some characters
378 * @esc: set of characters that need escaping
380 * Puts string into buffer, replacing each occurrence of character from
381 * @esc with usual octal escape.
382 * Use seq_has_overflowed() to check for errors.
384 void seq_escape(struct seq_file *m, const char *s, const char *esc)
387 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
390 ret = string_escape_str(s, buf, size, ESCAPE_OCTAL, esc);
391 seq_commit(m, ret < size ? ret : -1);
393 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_escape);
395 void seq_vprintf(struct seq_file *m, const char *f, va_list args)
399 if (m->count < m->size) {
400 len = vsnprintf(m->buf + m->count, m->size - m->count, f, args);
401 if (m->count + len < m->size) {
408 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_vprintf);
410 void seq_printf(struct seq_file *m, const char *f, ...)
415 seq_vprintf(m, f, args);
418 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_printf);
421 * mangle_path - mangle and copy path to buffer beginning
423 * @p: beginning of path in above buffer
424 * @esc: set of characters that need escaping
426 * Copy the path from @p to @s, replacing each occurrence of character from
427 * @esc with usual octal escape.
428 * Returns pointer past last written character in @s, or NULL in case of
431 char *mangle_path(char *s, const char *p, const char *esc)
437 } else if (!strchr(esc, c)) {
439 } else if (s + 4 > p) {
443 *s++ = '0' + ((c & 0300) >> 6);
444 *s++ = '0' + ((c & 070) >> 3);
445 *s++ = '0' + (c & 07);
450 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mangle_path);
453 * seq_path - seq_file interface to print a pathname
454 * @m: the seq_file handle
455 * @path: the struct path to print
456 * @esc: set of characters to escape in the output
458 * return the absolute path of 'path', as represented by the
459 * dentry / mnt pair in the path parameter.
461 int seq_path(struct seq_file *m, const struct path *path, const char *esc)
464 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
468 char *p = d_path(path, buf, size);
470 char *end = mangle_path(buf, p, esc);
479 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_path);
482 * seq_file_path - seq_file interface to print a pathname of a file
483 * @m: the seq_file handle
484 * @file: the struct file to print
485 * @esc: set of characters to escape in the output
487 * return the absolute path to the file.
489 int seq_file_path(struct seq_file *m, struct file *file, const char *esc)
491 return seq_path(m, &file->f_path, esc);
493 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_file_path);
496 * Same as seq_path, but relative to supplied root.
498 int seq_path_root(struct seq_file *m, const struct path *path,
499 const struct path *root, const char *esc)
502 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
503 int res = -ENAMETOOLONG;
508 p = __d_path(path, root, buf, size);
513 char *end = mangle_path(buf, p, esc);
522 return res < 0 && res != -ENAMETOOLONG ? res : 0;
526 * returns the path of the 'dentry' from the root of its filesystem.
528 int seq_dentry(struct seq_file *m, struct dentry *dentry, const char *esc)
531 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
535 char *p = dentry_path(dentry, buf, size);
537 char *end = mangle_path(buf, p, esc);
546 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_dentry);
548 static void *single_start(struct seq_file *p, loff_t *pos)
550 return NULL + (*pos == 0);
553 static void *single_next(struct seq_file *p, void *v, loff_t *pos)
559 static void single_stop(struct seq_file *p, void *v)
563 int single_open(struct file *file, int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *),
566 struct seq_operations *op = kmalloc(sizeof(*op), GFP_KERNEL);
570 op->start = single_start;
571 op->next = single_next;
572 op->stop = single_stop;
574 res = seq_open(file, op);
576 ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->private = data;
582 EXPORT_SYMBOL(single_open);
584 int single_open_size(struct file *file, int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *),
585 void *data, size_t size)
587 char *buf = seq_buf_alloc(size);
591 ret = single_open(file, show, data);
596 ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->buf = buf;
597 ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->size = size;
600 EXPORT_SYMBOL(single_open_size);
602 int single_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
604 const struct seq_operations *op = ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->op;
605 int res = seq_release(inode, file);
609 EXPORT_SYMBOL(single_release);
611 int seq_release_private(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
613 struct seq_file *seq = file->private_data;
617 return seq_release(inode, file);
619 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_release_private);
621 void *__seq_open_private(struct file *f, const struct seq_operations *ops,
626 struct seq_file *seq;
628 private = kzalloc(psize, GFP_KERNEL);
632 rc = seq_open(f, ops);
636 seq = f->private_data;
637 seq->private = private;
645 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__seq_open_private);
647 int seq_open_private(struct file *filp, const struct seq_operations *ops,
650 return __seq_open_private(filp, ops, psize) ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
652 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_open_private);
654 void seq_putc(struct seq_file *m, char c)
656 if (m->count >= m->size)
659 m->buf[m->count++] = c;
661 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_putc);
663 void seq_puts(struct seq_file *m, const char *s)
667 if (m->count + len >= m->size) {
671 memcpy(m->buf + m->count, s, len);
674 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_puts);
677 * A helper routine for putting decimal numbers without rich format of printf().
678 * only 'unsigned long long' is supported.
679 * This routine will put strlen(delimiter) + number into seq_file.
680 * This routine is very quick when you show lots of numbers.
681 * In usual cases, it will be better to use seq_printf(). It's easier to read.
683 void seq_put_decimal_ull(struct seq_file *m, const char *delimiter,
684 unsigned long long num)
688 if (m->count + 2 >= m->size) /* we'll write 2 bytes at least */
691 len = strlen(delimiter);
692 if (m->count + len >= m->size)
695 memcpy(m->buf + m->count, delimiter, len);
698 if (m->count + 1 >= m->size)
702 m->buf[m->count++] = num + '0';
706 len = num_to_str(m->buf + m->count, m->size - m->count, num);
716 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_put_decimal_ull);
718 void seq_put_decimal_ll(struct seq_file *m, const char *delimiter, long long num)
722 if (m->count + 3 >= m->size) /* we'll write 2 bytes at least */
725 len = strlen(delimiter);
726 if (m->count + len >= m->size)
729 memcpy(m->buf + m->count, delimiter, len);
732 if (m->count + 2 >= m->size)
736 m->buf[m->count++] = '-';
741 m->buf[m->count++] = num + '0';
745 len = num_to_str(m->buf + m->count, m->size - m->count, num);
755 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_put_decimal_ll);
758 * seq_write - write arbitrary data to buffer
759 * @seq: seq_file identifying the buffer to which data should be written
760 * @data: data address
761 * @len: number of bytes
763 * Return 0 on success, non-zero otherwise.
765 int seq_write(struct seq_file *seq, const void *data, size_t len)
767 if (seq->count + len < seq->size) {
768 memcpy(seq->buf + seq->count, data, len);
772 seq_set_overflow(seq);
775 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_write);
778 * seq_pad - write padding spaces to buffer
779 * @m: seq_file identifying the buffer to which data should be written
780 * @c: the byte to append after padding if non-zero
782 void seq_pad(struct seq_file *m, char c)
784 int size = m->pad_until - m->count;
786 seq_printf(m, "%*s", size, "");
790 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_pad);
792 /* A complete analogue of print_hex_dump() */
793 void seq_hex_dump(struct seq_file *m, const char *prefix_str, int prefix_type,
794 int rowsize, int groupsize, const void *buf, size_t len,
798 int i, linelen, remaining = len;
803 if (rowsize != 16 && rowsize != 32)
806 for (i = 0; i < len && !seq_has_overflowed(m); i += rowsize) {
807 linelen = min(remaining, rowsize);
808 remaining -= rowsize;
810 switch (prefix_type) {
811 case DUMP_PREFIX_ADDRESS:
812 seq_printf(m, "%s%p: ", prefix_str, ptr + i);
814 case DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET:
815 seq_printf(m, "%s%.8x: ", prefix_str, i);
818 seq_printf(m, "%s", prefix_str);
822 size = seq_get_buf(m, &buffer);
823 ret = hex_dump_to_buffer(ptr + i, linelen, rowsize, groupsize,
824 buffer, size, ascii);
825 seq_commit(m, ret < size ? ret : -1);
830 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hex_dump);
832 struct list_head *seq_list_start(struct list_head *head, loff_t pos)
834 struct list_head *lh;
836 list_for_each(lh, head)
842 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_list_start);
844 struct list_head *seq_list_start_head(struct list_head *head, loff_t pos)
849 return seq_list_start(head, pos - 1);
851 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_list_start_head);
853 struct list_head *seq_list_next(void *v, struct list_head *head, loff_t *ppos)
855 struct list_head *lh;
857 lh = ((struct list_head *)v)->next;
859 return lh == head ? NULL : lh;
861 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_list_next);
864 * seq_hlist_start - start an iteration of a hlist
865 * @head: the head of the hlist
866 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
868 * Called at seq_file->op->start().
870 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start(struct hlist_head *head, loff_t pos)
872 struct hlist_node *node;
874 hlist_for_each(node, head)
879 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start);
882 * seq_hlist_start_head - start an iteration of a hlist
883 * @head: the head of the hlist
884 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
886 * Called at seq_file->op->start(). Call this function if you want to
887 * print a header at the top of the output.
889 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start_head(struct hlist_head *head, loff_t pos)
892 return SEQ_START_TOKEN;
894 return seq_hlist_start(head, pos - 1);
896 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_head);
899 * seq_hlist_next - move to the next position of the hlist
900 * @v: the current iterator
901 * @head: the head of the hlist
902 * @ppos: the current position
904 * Called at seq_file->op->next().
906 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_next(void *v, struct hlist_head *head,
909 struct hlist_node *node = v;
912 if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
917 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_next);
920 * seq_hlist_start_rcu - start an iteration of a hlist protected by RCU
921 * @head: the head of the hlist
922 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
924 * Called at seq_file->op->start().
926 * This list-traversal primitive may safely run concurrently with
927 * the _rcu list-mutation primitives such as hlist_add_head_rcu()
928 * as long as the traversal is guarded by rcu_read_lock().
930 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start_rcu(struct hlist_head *head,
933 struct hlist_node *node;
935 __hlist_for_each_rcu(node, head)
940 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_rcu);
943 * seq_hlist_start_head_rcu - start an iteration of a hlist protected by RCU
944 * @head: the head of the hlist
945 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
947 * Called at seq_file->op->start(). Call this function if you want to
948 * print a header at the top of the output.
950 * This list-traversal primitive may safely run concurrently with
951 * the _rcu list-mutation primitives such as hlist_add_head_rcu()
952 * as long as the traversal is guarded by rcu_read_lock().
954 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start_head_rcu(struct hlist_head *head,
958 return SEQ_START_TOKEN;
960 return seq_hlist_start_rcu(head, pos - 1);
962 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_head_rcu);
965 * seq_hlist_next_rcu - move to the next position of the hlist protected by RCU
966 * @v: the current iterator
967 * @head: the head of the hlist
968 * @ppos: the current position
970 * Called at seq_file->op->next().
972 * This list-traversal primitive may safely run concurrently with
973 * the _rcu list-mutation primitives such as hlist_add_head_rcu()
974 * as long as the traversal is guarded by rcu_read_lock().
976 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_next_rcu(void *v,
977 struct hlist_head *head,
980 struct hlist_node *node = v;
983 if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
984 return rcu_dereference(head->first);
986 return rcu_dereference(node->next);
988 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_next_rcu);
991 * seq_hlist_start_precpu - start an iteration of a percpu hlist array
992 * @head: pointer to percpu array of struct hlist_heads
993 * @cpu: pointer to cpu "cursor"
994 * @pos: start position of sequence
996 * Called at seq_file->op->start().
999 seq_hlist_start_percpu(struct hlist_head __percpu *head, int *cpu, loff_t pos)
1001 struct hlist_node *node;
1003 for_each_possible_cpu(*cpu) {
1004 hlist_for_each(node, per_cpu_ptr(head, *cpu)) {
1011 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_percpu);
1014 * seq_hlist_next_percpu - move to the next position of the percpu hlist array
1015 * @v: pointer to current hlist_node
1016 * @head: pointer to percpu array of struct hlist_heads
1017 * @cpu: pointer to cpu "cursor"
1018 * @pos: start position of sequence
1020 * Called at seq_file->op->next().
1023 seq_hlist_next_percpu(void *v, struct hlist_head __percpu *head,
1024 int *cpu, loff_t *pos)
1026 struct hlist_node *node = v;
1033 for (*cpu = cpumask_next(*cpu, cpu_possible_mask); *cpu < nr_cpu_ids;
1034 *cpu = cpumask_next(*cpu, cpu_possible_mask)) {
1035 struct hlist_head *bucket = per_cpu_ptr(head, *cpu);
1037 if (!hlist_empty(bucket))
1038 return bucket->first;
1042 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_next_percpu);