1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
4 * Library for filesystems writers.
7 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
8 #include <linux/export.h>
9 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
10 #include <linux/slab.h>
11 #include <linux/cred.h>
12 #include <linux/mount.h>
13 #include <linux/vfs.h>
14 #include <linux/quotaops.h>
15 #include <linux/mutex.h>
16 #include <linux/namei.h>
17 #include <linux/exportfs.h>
18 #include <linux/writeback.h>
19 #include <linux/buffer_head.h> /* sync_mapping_buffers */
20 #include <linux/fs_context.h>
21 #include <linux/pseudo_fs.h>
22 #include <linux/fsnotify.h>
24 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
28 int simple_getattr(const struct path *path, struct kstat *stat,
29 u32 request_mask, unsigned int query_flags)
31 struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
32 generic_fillattr(inode, stat);
33 stat->blocks = inode->i_mapping->nrpages << (PAGE_SHIFT - 9);
36 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_getattr);
38 int simple_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
40 buf->f_type = dentry->d_sb->s_magic;
41 buf->f_bsize = PAGE_SIZE;
42 buf->f_namelen = NAME_MAX;
45 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_statfs);
48 * Retaining negative dentries for an in-memory filesystem just wastes
49 * memory and lookup time: arrange for them to be deleted immediately.
51 int always_delete_dentry(const struct dentry *dentry)
55 EXPORT_SYMBOL(always_delete_dentry);
57 const struct dentry_operations simple_dentry_operations = {
58 .d_delete = always_delete_dentry,
60 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_dentry_operations);
63 * Lookup the data. This is trivial - if the dentry didn't already
64 * exist, we know it is negative. Set d_op to delete negative dentries.
66 struct dentry *simple_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
68 if (dentry->d_name.len > NAME_MAX)
69 return ERR_PTR(-ENAMETOOLONG);
70 if (!dentry->d_sb->s_d_op)
71 d_set_d_op(dentry, &simple_dentry_operations);
75 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_lookup);
77 int dcache_dir_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
79 file->private_data = d_alloc_cursor(file->f_path.dentry);
81 return file->private_data ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
83 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dcache_dir_open);
85 int dcache_dir_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
87 dput(file->private_data);
90 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dcache_dir_close);
92 /* parent is locked at least shared */
94 * Returns an element of siblings' list.
95 * We are looking for <count>th positive after <p>; if
96 * found, dentry is grabbed and returned to caller.
97 * If no such element exists, NULL is returned.
99 static struct dentry *scan_positives(struct dentry *cursor,
104 struct dentry *dentry = cursor->d_parent, *found = NULL;
106 spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
107 while ((p = p->next) != &dentry->d_subdirs) {
108 struct dentry *d = list_entry(p, struct dentry, d_child);
109 // we must at least skip cursors, to avoid livelocks
110 if (d->d_flags & DCACHE_DENTRY_CURSOR)
112 if (simple_positive(d) && !--count) {
113 spin_lock_nested(&d->d_lock, DENTRY_D_LOCK_NESTED);
114 if (simple_positive(d))
115 found = dget_dlock(d);
116 spin_unlock(&d->d_lock);
121 if (need_resched()) {
122 list_move(&cursor->d_child, p);
123 p = &cursor->d_child;
124 spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
126 spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
129 spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
134 loff_t dcache_dir_lseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
136 struct dentry *dentry = file->f_path.dentry;
139 offset += file->f_pos;
148 if (offset != file->f_pos) {
149 struct dentry *cursor = file->private_data;
150 struct dentry *to = NULL;
152 inode_lock_shared(dentry->d_inode);
155 to = scan_positives(cursor, &dentry->d_subdirs,
157 spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
159 list_move(&cursor->d_child, &to->d_child);
161 list_del_init(&cursor->d_child);
162 spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
165 file->f_pos = offset;
167 inode_unlock_shared(dentry->d_inode);
171 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dcache_dir_lseek);
173 /* Relationship between i_mode and the DT_xxx types */
174 static inline unsigned char dt_type(struct inode *inode)
176 return (inode->i_mode >> 12) & 15;
180 * Directory is locked and all positive dentries in it are safe, since
181 * for ramfs-type trees they can't go away without unlink() or rmdir(),
182 * both impossible due to the lock on directory.
185 int dcache_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
187 struct dentry *dentry = file->f_path.dentry;
188 struct dentry *cursor = file->private_data;
189 struct list_head *anchor = &dentry->d_subdirs;
190 struct dentry *next = NULL;
193 if (!dir_emit_dots(file, ctx))
198 else if (!list_empty(&cursor->d_child))
199 p = &cursor->d_child;
203 while ((next = scan_positives(cursor, p, 1, next)) != NULL) {
204 if (!dir_emit(ctx, next->d_name.name, next->d_name.len,
205 d_inode(next)->i_ino, dt_type(d_inode(next))))
210 spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
212 list_move_tail(&cursor->d_child, &next->d_child);
214 list_del_init(&cursor->d_child);
215 spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
220 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dcache_readdir);
222 ssize_t generic_read_dir(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t siz, loff_t *ppos)
226 EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_read_dir);
228 const struct file_operations simple_dir_operations = {
229 .open = dcache_dir_open,
230 .release = dcache_dir_close,
231 .llseek = dcache_dir_lseek,
232 .read = generic_read_dir,
233 .iterate_shared = dcache_readdir,
236 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_dir_operations);
238 const struct inode_operations simple_dir_inode_operations = {
239 .lookup = simple_lookup,
241 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_dir_inode_operations);
243 static struct dentry *find_next_child(struct dentry *parent, struct dentry *prev)
245 struct dentry *child = NULL;
246 struct list_head *p = prev ? &prev->d_child : &parent->d_subdirs;
248 spin_lock(&parent->d_lock);
249 while ((p = p->next) != &parent->d_subdirs) {
250 struct dentry *d = container_of(p, struct dentry, d_child);
251 if (simple_positive(d)) {
252 spin_lock_nested(&d->d_lock, DENTRY_D_LOCK_NESTED);
253 if (simple_positive(d))
254 child = dget_dlock(d);
255 spin_unlock(&d->d_lock);
260 spin_unlock(&parent->d_lock);
265 void simple_recursive_removal(struct dentry *dentry,
266 void (*callback)(struct dentry *))
268 struct dentry *this = dget(dentry);
270 struct dentry *victim = NULL, *child;
271 struct inode *inode = this->d_inode;
275 inode->i_flags |= S_DEAD;
276 while ((child = find_next_child(this, victim)) == NULL) {
278 // update metadata while it's still locked
279 inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
283 this = this->d_parent;
284 inode = this->d_inode;
286 if (simple_positive(victim)) {
287 d_invalidate(victim); // avoid lost mounts
288 if (d_is_dir(victim))
289 fsnotify_rmdir(inode, victim);
291 fsnotify_unlink(inode, victim);
294 dput(victim); // unpin it
296 if (victim == dentry) {
297 inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime =
299 if (d_is_dir(dentry))
310 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_recursive_removal);
312 static const struct super_operations simple_super_operations = {
313 .statfs = simple_statfs,
316 static int pseudo_fs_fill_super(struct super_block *s, struct fs_context *fc)
318 struct pseudo_fs_context *ctx = fc->fs_private;
321 s->s_maxbytes = MAX_LFS_FILESIZE;
322 s->s_blocksize = PAGE_SIZE;
323 s->s_blocksize_bits = PAGE_SHIFT;
324 s->s_magic = ctx->magic;
325 s->s_op = ctx->ops ?: &simple_super_operations;
326 s->s_xattr = ctx->xattr;
333 * since this is the first inode, make it number 1. New inodes created
334 * after this must take care not to collide with it (by passing
335 * max_reserved of 1 to iunique).
338 root->i_mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
339 root->i_atime = root->i_mtime = root->i_ctime = current_time(root);
340 s->s_root = d_make_root(root);
343 s->s_d_op = ctx->dops;
347 static int pseudo_fs_get_tree(struct fs_context *fc)
349 return get_tree_nodev(fc, pseudo_fs_fill_super);
352 static void pseudo_fs_free(struct fs_context *fc)
354 kfree(fc->fs_private);
357 static const struct fs_context_operations pseudo_fs_context_ops = {
358 .free = pseudo_fs_free,
359 .get_tree = pseudo_fs_get_tree,
363 * Common helper for pseudo-filesystems (sockfs, pipefs, bdev - stuff that
364 * will never be mountable)
366 struct pseudo_fs_context *init_pseudo(struct fs_context *fc,
369 struct pseudo_fs_context *ctx;
371 ctx = kzalloc(sizeof(struct pseudo_fs_context), GFP_KERNEL);
374 fc->fs_private = ctx;
375 fc->ops = &pseudo_fs_context_ops;
376 fc->sb_flags |= SB_NOUSER;
381 EXPORT_SYMBOL(init_pseudo);
383 int simple_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
385 if (inode->i_private)
386 file->private_data = inode->i_private;
389 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_open);
391 int simple_link(struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
393 struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
395 inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
399 d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
402 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_link);
404 int simple_empty(struct dentry *dentry)
406 struct dentry *child;
409 spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
410 list_for_each_entry(child, &dentry->d_subdirs, d_child) {
411 spin_lock_nested(&child->d_lock, DENTRY_D_LOCK_NESTED);
412 if (simple_positive(child)) {
413 spin_unlock(&child->d_lock);
416 spin_unlock(&child->d_lock);
420 spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
423 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_empty);
425 int simple_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
427 struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
429 inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
434 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_unlink);
436 int simple_rmdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
438 if (!simple_empty(dentry))
441 drop_nlink(d_inode(dentry));
442 simple_unlink(dir, dentry);
446 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_rmdir);
448 int simple_rename(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
449 struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry,
452 struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
453 int they_are_dirs = d_is_dir(old_dentry);
455 if (flags & ~RENAME_NOREPLACE)
458 if (!simple_empty(new_dentry))
461 if (d_really_is_positive(new_dentry)) {
462 simple_unlink(new_dir, new_dentry);
464 drop_nlink(d_inode(new_dentry));
467 } else if (they_are_dirs) {
472 old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime = new_dir->i_ctime =
473 new_dir->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_dir);
477 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_rename);
480 * simple_setattr - setattr for simple filesystem
482 * @iattr: iattr structure
484 * Returns 0 on success, -error on failure.
486 * simple_setattr is a simple ->setattr implementation without a proper
487 * implementation of size changes.
489 * It can either be used for in-memory filesystems or special files
490 * on simple regular filesystems. Anything that needs to change on-disk
491 * or wire state on size changes needs its own setattr method.
493 int simple_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *iattr)
495 struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
498 error = setattr_prepare(dentry, iattr);
502 if (iattr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE)
503 truncate_setsize(inode, iattr->ia_size);
504 setattr_copy(inode, iattr);
505 mark_inode_dirty(inode);
508 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_setattr);
510 int simple_readpage(struct file *file, struct page *page)
512 clear_highpage(page);
513 flush_dcache_page(page);
514 SetPageUptodate(page);
518 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_readpage);
520 int simple_write_begin(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
521 loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned flags,
522 struct page **pagep, void **fsdata)
527 index = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
529 page = grab_cache_page_write_begin(mapping, index, flags);
535 if (!PageUptodate(page) && (len != PAGE_SIZE)) {
536 unsigned from = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
538 zero_user_segments(page, 0, from, from + len, PAGE_SIZE);
542 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_write_begin);
545 * simple_write_end - .write_end helper for non-block-device FSes
546 * @file: See .write_end of address_space_operations
554 * simple_write_end does the minimum needed for updating a page after writing is
555 * done. It has the same API signature as the .write_end of
556 * address_space_operations vector. So it can just be set onto .write_end for
557 * FSes that don't need any other processing. i_mutex is assumed to be held.
558 * Block based filesystems should use generic_write_end().
559 * NOTE: Even though i_size might get updated by this function, mark_inode_dirty
560 * is not called, so a filesystem that actually does store data in .write_inode
561 * should extend on what's done here with a call to mark_inode_dirty() in the
562 * case that i_size has changed.
564 * Use *ONLY* with simple_readpage()
566 int simple_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
567 loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied,
568 struct page *page, void *fsdata)
570 struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
571 loff_t last_pos = pos + copied;
573 /* zero the stale part of the page if we did a short copy */
574 if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
576 unsigned from = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
578 zero_user(page, from + copied, len - copied);
580 SetPageUptodate(page);
583 * No need to use i_size_read() here, the i_size
584 * cannot change under us because we hold the i_mutex.
586 if (last_pos > inode->i_size)
587 i_size_write(inode, last_pos);
589 set_page_dirty(page);
595 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_write_end);
598 * the inodes created here are not hashed. If you use iunique to generate
599 * unique inode values later for this filesystem, then you must take care
600 * to pass it an appropriate max_reserved value to avoid collisions.
602 int simple_fill_super(struct super_block *s, unsigned long magic,
603 const struct tree_descr *files)
607 struct dentry *dentry;
610 s->s_blocksize = PAGE_SIZE;
611 s->s_blocksize_bits = PAGE_SHIFT;
613 s->s_op = &simple_super_operations;
616 inode = new_inode(s);
620 * because the root inode is 1, the files array must not contain an
624 inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | 0755;
625 inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
626 inode->i_op = &simple_dir_inode_operations;
627 inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
629 root = d_make_root(inode);
632 for (i = 0; !files->name || files->name[0]; i++, files++) {
636 /* warn if it tries to conflict with the root inode */
637 if (unlikely(i == 1))
638 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: %s passed in a files array"
639 "with an index of 1!\n", __func__,
642 dentry = d_alloc_name(root, files->name);
645 inode = new_inode(s);
650 inode->i_mode = S_IFREG | files->mode;
651 inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
652 inode->i_fop = files->ops;
654 d_add(dentry, inode);
660 shrink_dcache_parent(root);
664 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_fill_super);
666 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(pin_fs_lock);
668 int simple_pin_fs(struct file_system_type *type, struct vfsmount **mount, int *count)
670 struct vfsmount *mnt = NULL;
671 spin_lock(&pin_fs_lock);
672 if (unlikely(!*mount)) {
673 spin_unlock(&pin_fs_lock);
674 mnt = vfs_kern_mount(type, SB_KERNMOUNT, type->name, NULL);
677 spin_lock(&pin_fs_lock);
683 spin_unlock(&pin_fs_lock);
687 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_pin_fs);
689 void simple_release_fs(struct vfsmount **mount, int *count)
691 struct vfsmount *mnt;
692 spin_lock(&pin_fs_lock);
696 spin_unlock(&pin_fs_lock);
699 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_release_fs);
702 * simple_read_from_buffer - copy data from the buffer to user space
703 * @to: the user space buffer to read to
704 * @count: the maximum number of bytes to read
705 * @ppos: the current position in the buffer
706 * @from: the buffer to read from
707 * @available: the size of the buffer
709 * The simple_read_from_buffer() function reads up to @count bytes from the
710 * buffer @from at offset @ppos into the user space address starting at @to.
712 * On success, the number of bytes read is returned and the offset @ppos is
713 * advanced by this number, or negative value is returned on error.
715 ssize_t simple_read_from_buffer(void __user *to, size_t count, loff_t *ppos,
716 const void *from, size_t available)
723 if (pos >= available || !count)
725 if (count > available - pos)
726 count = available - pos;
727 ret = copy_to_user(to, from + pos, count);
734 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_read_from_buffer);
737 * simple_write_to_buffer - copy data from user space to the buffer
738 * @to: the buffer to write to
739 * @available: the size of the buffer
740 * @ppos: the current position in the buffer
741 * @from: the user space buffer to read from
742 * @count: the maximum number of bytes to read
744 * The simple_write_to_buffer() function reads up to @count bytes from the user
745 * space address starting at @from into the buffer @to at offset @ppos.
747 * On success, the number of bytes written is returned and the offset @ppos is
748 * advanced by this number, or negative value is returned on error.
750 ssize_t simple_write_to_buffer(void *to, size_t available, loff_t *ppos,
751 const void __user *from, size_t count)
758 if (pos >= available || !count)
760 if (count > available - pos)
761 count = available - pos;
762 res = copy_from_user(to + pos, from, count);
769 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_write_to_buffer);
772 * memory_read_from_buffer - copy data from the buffer
773 * @to: the kernel space buffer to read to
774 * @count: the maximum number of bytes to read
775 * @ppos: the current position in the buffer
776 * @from: the buffer to read from
777 * @available: the size of the buffer
779 * The memory_read_from_buffer() function reads up to @count bytes from the
780 * buffer @from at offset @ppos into the kernel space address starting at @to.
782 * On success, the number of bytes read is returned and the offset @ppos is
783 * advanced by this number, or negative value is returned on error.
785 ssize_t memory_read_from_buffer(void *to, size_t count, loff_t *ppos,
786 const void *from, size_t available)
792 if (pos >= available)
794 if (count > available - pos)
795 count = available - pos;
796 memcpy(to, from + pos, count);
801 EXPORT_SYMBOL(memory_read_from_buffer);
804 * Transaction based IO.
805 * The file expects a single write which triggers the transaction, and then
806 * possibly a read which collects the result - which is stored in a
810 void simple_transaction_set(struct file *file, size_t n)
812 struct simple_transaction_argresp *ar = file->private_data;
814 BUG_ON(n > SIMPLE_TRANSACTION_LIMIT);
817 * The barrier ensures that ar->size will really remain zero until
818 * ar->data is ready for reading.
823 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_transaction_set);
825 char *simple_transaction_get(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t size)
827 struct simple_transaction_argresp *ar;
828 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(simple_transaction_lock);
830 if (size > SIMPLE_TRANSACTION_LIMIT - 1)
831 return ERR_PTR(-EFBIG);
833 ar = (struct simple_transaction_argresp *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
835 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
837 spin_lock(&simple_transaction_lock);
839 /* only one write allowed per open */
840 if (file->private_data) {
841 spin_unlock(&simple_transaction_lock);
842 free_page((unsigned long)ar);
843 return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
846 file->private_data = ar;
848 spin_unlock(&simple_transaction_lock);
850 if (copy_from_user(ar->data, buf, size))
851 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
855 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_transaction_get);
857 ssize_t simple_transaction_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *pos)
859 struct simple_transaction_argresp *ar = file->private_data;
863 return simple_read_from_buffer(buf, size, pos, ar->data, ar->size);
865 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_transaction_read);
867 int simple_transaction_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
869 free_page((unsigned long)file->private_data);
872 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_transaction_release);
874 /* Simple attribute files */
877 int (*get)(void *, u64 *);
878 int (*set)(void *, u64);
879 char get_buf[24]; /* enough to store a u64 and "\n\0" */
882 const char *fmt; /* format for read operation */
883 struct mutex mutex; /* protects access to these buffers */
886 /* simple_attr_open is called by an actual attribute open file operation
887 * to set the attribute specific access operations. */
888 int simple_attr_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
889 int (*get)(void *, u64 *), int (*set)(void *, u64),
892 struct simple_attr *attr;
894 attr = kzalloc(sizeof(*attr), GFP_KERNEL);
900 attr->data = inode->i_private;
902 mutex_init(&attr->mutex);
904 file->private_data = attr;
906 return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
908 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(simple_attr_open);
910 int simple_attr_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
912 kfree(file->private_data);
915 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(simple_attr_release); /* GPL-only? This? Really? */
917 /* read from the buffer that is filled with the get function */
918 ssize_t simple_attr_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
919 size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
921 struct simple_attr *attr;
925 attr = file->private_data;
930 ret = mutex_lock_interruptible(&attr->mutex);
934 if (*ppos && attr->get_buf[0]) {
936 size = strlen(attr->get_buf);
940 ret = attr->get(attr->data, &val);
944 size = scnprintf(attr->get_buf, sizeof(attr->get_buf),
945 attr->fmt, (unsigned long long)val);
948 ret = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, len, ppos, attr->get_buf, size);
950 mutex_unlock(&attr->mutex);
953 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(simple_attr_read);
955 /* interpret the buffer as a number to call the set function with */
956 ssize_t simple_attr_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
957 size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
959 struct simple_attr *attr;
964 attr = file->private_data;
968 ret = mutex_lock_interruptible(&attr->mutex);
973 size = min(sizeof(attr->set_buf) - 1, len);
974 if (copy_from_user(attr->set_buf, buf, size))
977 attr->set_buf[size] = '\0';
978 val = simple_strtoll(attr->set_buf, NULL, 0);
979 ret = attr->set(attr->data, val);
981 ret = len; /* on success, claim we got the whole input */
983 mutex_unlock(&attr->mutex);
986 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(simple_attr_write);
989 * generic_fh_to_dentry - generic helper for the fh_to_dentry export operation
990 * @sb: filesystem to do the file handle conversion on
991 * @fid: file handle to convert
992 * @fh_len: length of the file handle in bytes
993 * @fh_type: type of file handle
994 * @get_inode: filesystem callback to retrieve inode
996 * This function decodes @fid as long as it has one of the well-known
997 * Linux filehandle types and calls @get_inode on it to retrieve the
998 * inode for the object specified in the file handle.
1000 struct dentry *generic_fh_to_dentry(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
1001 int fh_len, int fh_type, struct inode *(*get_inode)
1002 (struct super_block *sb, u64 ino, u32 gen))
1004 struct inode *inode = NULL;
1010 case FILEID_INO32_GEN:
1011 case FILEID_INO32_GEN_PARENT:
1012 inode = get_inode(sb, fid->i32.ino, fid->i32.gen);
1016 return d_obtain_alias(inode);
1018 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(generic_fh_to_dentry);
1021 * generic_fh_to_parent - generic helper for the fh_to_parent export operation
1022 * @sb: filesystem to do the file handle conversion on
1023 * @fid: file handle to convert
1024 * @fh_len: length of the file handle in bytes
1025 * @fh_type: type of file handle
1026 * @get_inode: filesystem callback to retrieve inode
1028 * This function decodes @fid as long as it has one of the well-known
1029 * Linux filehandle types and calls @get_inode on it to retrieve the
1030 * inode for the _parent_ object specified in the file handle if it
1031 * is specified in the file handle, or NULL otherwise.
1033 struct dentry *generic_fh_to_parent(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
1034 int fh_len, int fh_type, struct inode *(*get_inode)
1035 (struct super_block *sb, u64 ino, u32 gen))
1037 struct inode *inode = NULL;
1043 case FILEID_INO32_GEN_PARENT:
1044 inode = get_inode(sb, fid->i32.parent_ino,
1045 (fh_len > 3 ? fid->i32.parent_gen : 0));
1049 return d_obtain_alias(inode);
1051 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(generic_fh_to_parent);
1054 * __generic_file_fsync - generic fsync implementation for simple filesystems
1056 * @file: file to synchronize
1057 * @start: start offset in bytes
1058 * @end: end offset in bytes (inclusive)
1059 * @datasync: only synchronize essential metadata if true
1061 * This is a generic implementation of the fsync method for simple
1062 * filesystems which track all non-inode metadata in the buffers list
1063 * hanging off the address_space structure.
1065 int __generic_file_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end,
1068 struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
1072 err = file_write_and_wait_range(file, start, end);
1077 ret = sync_mapping_buffers(inode->i_mapping);
1078 if (!(inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_ALL))
1080 if (datasync && !(inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_DATASYNC))
1083 err = sync_inode_metadata(inode, 1);
1088 inode_unlock(inode);
1089 /* check and advance again to catch errors after syncing out buffers */
1090 err = file_check_and_advance_wb_err(file);
1095 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__generic_file_fsync);
1098 * generic_file_fsync - generic fsync implementation for simple filesystems
1100 * @file: file to synchronize
1101 * @start: start offset in bytes
1102 * @end: end offset in bytes (inclusive)
1103 * @datasync: only synchronize essential metadata if true
1107 int generic_file_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end,
1110 struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
1113 err = __generic_file_fsync(file, start, end, datasync);
1116 return blkdev_issue_flush(inode->i_sb->s_bdev, GFP_KERNEL);
1118 EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_file_fsync);
1121 * generic_check_addressable - Check addressability of file system
1122 * @blocksize_bits: log of file system block size
1123 * @num_blocks: number of blocks in file system
1125 * Determine whether a file system with @num_blocks blocks (and a
1126 * block size of 2**@blocksize_bits) is addressable by the sector_t
1127 * and page cache of the system. Return 0 if so and -EFBIG otherwise.
1129 int generic_check_addressable(unsigned blocksize_bits, u64 num_blocks)
1131 u64 last_fs_block = num_blocks - 1;
1133 last_fs_block >> (PAGE_SHIFT - blocksize_bits);
1135 if (unlikely(num_blocks == 0))
1138 if ((blocksize_bits < 9) || (blocksize_bits > PAGE_SHIFT))
1141 if ((last_fs_block > (sector_t)(~0ULL) >> (blocksize_bits - 9)) ||
1142 (last_fs_page > (pgoff_t)(~0ULL))) {
1147 EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_check_addressable);
1150 * No-op implementation of ->fsync for in-memory filesystems.
1152 int noop_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end, int datasync)
1156 EXPORT_SYMBOL(noop_fsync);
1158 int noop_set_page_dirty(struct page *page)
1161 * Unlike __set_page_dirty_no_writeback that handles dirty page
1162 * tracking in the page object, dax does all dirty tracking in
1163 * the inode address_space in response to mkwrite faults. In the
1164 * dax case we only need to worry about potentially dirty CPU
1165 * caches, not dirty page cache pages to write back.
1167 * This callback is defined to prevent fallback to
1168 * __set_page_dirty_buffers() in set_page_dirty().
1172 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(noop_set_page_dirty);
1174 void noop_invalidatepage(struct page *page, unsigned int offset,
1175 unsigned int length)
1178 * There is no page cache to invalidate in the dax case, however
1179 * we need this callback defined to prevent falling back to
1180 * block_invalidatepage() in do_invalidatepage().
1183 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(noop_invalidatepage);
1185 ssize_t noop_direct_IO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
1188 * iomap based filesystems support direct I/O without need for
1189 * this callback. However, it still needs to be set in
1190 * inode->a_ops so that open/fcntl know that direct I/O is
1191 * generally supported.
1195 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(noop_direct_IO);
1197 /* Because kfree isn't assignment-compatible with void(void*) ;-/ */
1198 void kfree_link(void *p)
1202 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree_link);
1205 * nop .set_page_dirty method so that people can use .page_mkwrite on
1208 static int anon_set_page_dirty(struct page *page)
1214 * A single inode exists for all anon_inode files. Contrary to pipes,
1215 * anon_inode inodes have no associated per-instance data, so we need
1216 * only allocate one of them.
1218 struct inode *alloc_anon_inode(struct super_block *s)
1220 static const struct address_space_operations anon_aops = {
1221 .set_page_dirty = anon_set_page_dirty,
1223 struct inode *inode = new_inode_pseudo(s);
1226 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1228 inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
1229 inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &anon_aops;
1232 * Mark the inode dirty from the very beginning,
1233 * that way it will never be moved to the dirty
1234 * list because mark_inode_dirty() will think
1235 * that it already _is_ on the dirty list.
1237 inode->i_state = I_DIRTY;
1238 inode->i_mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
1239 inode->i_uid = current_fsuid();
1240 inode->i_gid = current_fsgid();
1241 inode->i_flags |= S_PRIVATE;
1242 inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
1245 EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_anon_inode);
1248 * simple_nosetlease - generic helper for prohibiting leases
1249 * @filp: file pointer
1250 * @arg: type of lease to obtain
1251 * @flp: new lease supplied for insertion
1252 * @priv: private data for lm_setup operation
1254 * Generic helper for filesystems that do not wish to allow leases to be set.
1255 * All arguments are ignored and it just returns -EINVAL.
1258 simple_nosetlease(struct file *filp, long arg, struct file_lock **flp,
1263 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_nosetlease);
1266 * simple_get_link - generic helper to get the target of "fast" symlinks
1267 * @dentry: not used here
1268 * @inode: the symlink inode
1269 * @done: not used here
1271 * Generic helper for filesystems to use for symlink inodes where a pointer to
1272 * the symlink target is stored in ->i_link. NOTE: this isn't normally called,
1273 * since as an optimization the path lookup code uses any non-NULL ->i_link
1274 * directly, without calling ->get_link(). But ->get_link() still must be set,
1275 * to mark the inode_operations as being for a symlink.
1277 * Return: the symlink target
1279 const char *simple_get_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
1280 struct delayed_call *done)
1282 return inode->i_link;
1284 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_get_link);
1286 const struct inode_operations simple_symlink_inode_operations = {
1287 .get_link = simple_get_link,
1289 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_symlink_inode_operations);
1292 * Operations for a permanently empty directory.
1294 static struct dentry *empty_dir_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
1296 return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
1299 static int empty_dir_getattr(const struct path *path, struct kstat *stat,
1300 u32 request_mask, unsigned int query_flags)
1302 struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
1303 generic_fillattr(inode, stat);
1307 static int empty_dir_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr)
1312 static ssize_t empty_dir_listxattr(struct dentry *dentry, char *list, size_t size)
1317 static const struct inode_operations empty_dir_inode_operations = {
1318 .lookup = empty_dir_lookup,
1319 .permission = generic_permission,
1320 .setattr = empty_dir_setattr,
1321 .getattr = empty_dir_getattr,
1322 .listxattr = empty_dir_listxattr,
1325 static loff_t empty_dir_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
1327 /* An empty directory has two entries . and .. at offsets 0 and 1 */
1328 return generic_file_llseek_size(file, offset, whence, 2, 2);
1331 static int empty_dir_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
1333 dir_emit_dots(file, ctx);
1337 static const struct file_operations empty_dir_operations = {
1338 .llseek = empty_dir_llseek,
1339 .read = generic_read_dir,
1340 .iterate_shared = empty_dir_readdir,
1341 .fsync = noop_fsync,
1345 void make_empty_dir_inode(struct inode *inode)
1347 set_nlink(inode, 2);
1348 inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO;
1349 inode->i_uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
1350 inode->i_gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;
1353 inode->i_blkbits = PAGE_SHIFT;
1354 inode->i_blocks = 0;
1356 inode->i_op = &empty_dir_inode_operations;
1357 inode->i_opflags &= ~IOP_XATTR;
1358 inode->i_fop = &empty_dir_operations;
1361 bool is_empty_dir_inode(struct inode *inode)
1363 return (inode->i_fop == &empty_dir_operations) &&
1364 (inode->i_op == &empty_dir_inode_operations);