1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Tty buffer allocation management
6 #include <linux/types.h>
7 #include <linux/errno.h>
8 #include <linux/minmax.h>
10 #include <linux/tty_driver.h>
11 #include <linux/tty_flip.h>
12 #include <linux/timer.h>
13 #include <linux/string.h>
14 #include <linux/slab.h>
15 #include <linux/sched.h>
16 #include <linux/wait.h>
17 #include <linux/bitops.h>
18 #include <linux/delay.h>
19 #include <linux/module.h>
20 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
23 #define MIN_TTYB_SIZE 256
24 #define TTYB_ALIGN_MASK 0xff
27 * Byte threshold to limit memory consumption for flip buffers.
28 * The actual memory limit is > 2x this amount.
30 #define TTYB_DEFAULT_MEM_LIMIT (640 * 1024UL)
33 * We default to dicing tty buffer allocations to this many characters
34 * in order to avoid multiple page allocations. We know the size of
35 * tty_buffer itself but it must also be taken into account that the
36 * buffer is 256 byte aligned. See tty_buffer_find for the allocation
37 * logic this must match.
40 #define TTY_BUFFER_PAGE (((PAGE_SIZE - sizeof(struct tty_buffer)) / 2) & ~TTYB_ALIGN_MASK)
43 * tty_buffer_lock_exclusive - gain exclusive access to buffer
44 * @port: tty port owning the flip buffer
46 * Guarantees safe use of the &tty_ldisc_ops.receive_buf() method by excluding
47 * the buffer work and any pending flush from using the flip buffer. Data can
48 * continue to be added concurrently to the flip buffer from the driver side.
50 * See also tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive().
52 void tty_buffer_lock_exclusive(struct tty_port *port)
54 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
56 atomic_inc(&buf->priority);
57 mutex_lock(&buf->lock);
59 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_lock_exclusive);
62 * tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive - release exclusive access
63 * @port: tty port owning the flip buffer
65 * The buffer work is restarted if there is data in the flip buffer.
67 * See also tty_buffer_lock_exclusive().
69 void tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive(struct tty_port *port)
71 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
72 bool restart = buf->head->commit != buf->head->read;
74 atomic_dec(&buf->priority);
75 mutex_unlock(&buf->lock);
78 queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &buf->work);
80 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive);
83 * tty_buffer_space_avail - return unused buffer space
84 * @port: tty port owning the flip buffer
86 * Returns: the # of bytes which can be written by the driver without reaching
89 * Note: this does not guarantee that memory is available to write the returned
90 * # of bytes (use tty_prepare_flip_string() to pre-allocate if memory
91 * guarantee is required).
93 unsigned int tty_buffer_space_avail(struct tty_port *port)
95 int space = port->buf.mem_limit - atomic_read(&port->buf.mem_used);
99 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_space_avail);
101 static void tty_buffer_reset(struct tty_buffer *p, size_t size)
113 * tty_buffer_free_all - free buffers used by a tty
114 * @port: tty port to free from
116 * Remove all the buffers pending on a tty whether queued with data or in the
117 * free ring. Must be called when the tty is no longer in use.
119 void tty_buffer_free_all(struct tty_port *port)
121 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
122 struct tty_buffer *p, *next;
123 struct llist_node *llist;
124 unsigned int freed = 0;
127 while ((p = buf->head) != NULL) {
133 llist = llist_del_all(&buf->free);
134 llist_for_each_entry_safe(p, next, llist, free)
137 tty_buffer_reset(&buf->sentinel, 0);
138 buf->head = &buf->sentinel;
139 buf->tail = &buf->sentinel;
141 still_used = atomic_xchg(&buf->mem_used, 0);
142 WARN(still_used != freed, "we still have not freed %d bytes!",
147 * tty_buffer_alloc - allocate a tty buffer
149 * @size: desired size (characters)
151 * Allocate a new tty buffer to hold the desired number of characters. We
152 * round our buffers off in 256 character chunks to get better allocation
155 * Returns: %NULL if out of memory or the allocation would exceed the per
158 static struct tty_buffer *tty_buffer_alloc(struct tty_port *port, size_t size)
160 struct llist_node *free;
161 struct tty_buffer *p;
163 /* Round the buffer size out */
164 size = __ALIGN_MASK(size, TTYB_ALIGN_MASK);
166 if (size <= MIN_TTYB_SIZE) {
167 free = llist_del_first(&port->buf.free);
169 p = llist_entry(free, struct tty_buffer, free);
174 /* Should possibly check if this fails for the largest buffer we
175 * have queued and recycle that ?
177 if (atomic_read(&port->buf.mem_used) > port->buf.mem_limit)
179 p = kmalloc(struct_size(p, data, 2 * size), GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
184 tty_buffer_reset(p, size);
185 atomic_add(size, &port->buf.mem_used);
190 * tty_buffer_free - free a tty buffer
191 * @port: tty port owning the buffer
192 * @b: the buffer to free
194 * Free a tty buffer, or add it to the free list according to our internal
197 static void tty_buffer_free(struct tty_port *port, struct tty_buffer *b)
199 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
201 /* Dumb strategy for now - should keep some stats */
202 WARN_ON(atomic_sub_return(b->size, &buf->mem_used) < 0);
204 if (b->size > MIN_TTYB_SIZE)
206 else if (b->size > 0)
207 llist_add(&b->free, &buf->free);
211 * tty_buffer_flush - flush full tty buffers
213 * @ld: optional ldisc ptr (must be referenced)
215 * Flush all the buffers containing receive data. If @ld != %NULL, flush the
216 * ldisc input buffer.
218 * Locking: takes buffer lock to ensure single-threaded flip buffer 'consumer'.
220 void tty_buffer_flush(struct tty_struct *tty, struct tty_ldisc *ld)
222 struct tty_port *port = tty->port;
223 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
224 struct tty_buffer *next;
226 atomic_inc(&buf->priority);
228 mutex_lock(&buf->lock);
229 /* paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room; ensures there are
230 * no pending memory accesses to the freed buffer
232 while ((next = smp_load_acquire(&buf->head->next)) != NULL) {
233 tty_buffer_free(port, buf->head);
236 buf->head->read = buf->head->commit;
237 buf->head->lookahead = buf->head->read;
239 if (ld && ld->ops->flush_buffer)
240 ld->ops->flush_buffer(tty);
242 atomic_dec(&buf->priority);
243 mutex_unlock(&buf->lock);
247 * __tty_buffer_request_room - grow tty buffer if needed
249 * @size: size desired
250 * @flags: buffer has to store flags along character data
252 * Make at least @size bytes of linear space available for the tty buffer.
254 * Will change over to a new buffer if the current buffer is encoded as
255 * %TTY_NORMAL (so has no flags buffer) and the new buffer requires a flags
258 * Returns: the size we managed to find.
260 static int __tty_buffer_request_room(struct tty_port *port, size_t size,
263 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
264 struct tty_buffer *n, *b = buf->tail;
265 size_t left = (b->flags ? 1 : 2) * b->size - b->used;
266 bool change = !b->flags && flags;
268 if (!change && left >= size)
271 /* This is the slow path - looking for new buffers to use */
272 n = tty_buffer_alloc(port, size);
274 return change ? 0 : left;
279 * Paired w/ acquire in flush_to_ldisc() and lookahead_bufs()
280 * ensures they see all buffer data.
282 smp_store_release(&b->commit, b->used);
284 * Paired w/ acquire in flush_to_ldisc() and lookahead_bufs()
285 * ensures the latest commit value can be read before the head
286 * is advanced to the next buffer.
288 smp_store_release(&b->next, n);
293 int tty_buffer_request_room(struct tty_port *port, size_t size)
295 return __tty_buffer_request_room(port, size, true);
297 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_request_room);
299 size_t __tty_insert_flip_string_flags(struct tty_port *port, const u8 *chars,
300 const u8 *flags, bool mutable_flags,
303 bool need_flags = mutable_flags || flags[0] != TTY_NORMAL;
307 size_t goal = min_t(size_t, size - copied, TTY_BUFFER_PAGE);
308 size_t space = __tty_buffer_request_room(port, goal, need_flags);
309 struct tty_buffer *tb = port->buf.tail;
311 if (unlikely(space == 0))
314 memcpy(char_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), chars, space);
317 memcpy(flag_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), flags, space);
319 } else if (tb->flags) {
320 memset(flag_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), flags[0], space);
322 /* tb->flags should be available once requested */
323 WARN_ON_ONCE(need_flags);
330 /* There is a small chance that we need to split the data over
331 * several buffers. If this is the case we must loop.
333 } while (unlikely(size > copied));
337 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tty_insert_flip_string_flags);
340 * tty_prepare_flip_string - make room for characters
342 * @chars: return pointer for character write area
343 * @size: desired size
345 * Prepare a block of space in the buffer for data.
347 * This is used for drivers that need their own block copy routines into the
348 * buffer. There is no guarantee the buffer is a DMA target!
350 * Returns: the length available and buffer pointer (@chars) to the space which
351 * is now allocated and accounted for as ready for normal characters.
353 size_t tty_prepare_flip_string(struct tty_port *port, u8 **chars, size_t size)
355 size_t space = __tty_buffer_request_room(port, size, false);
358 struct tty_buffer *tb = port->buf.tail;
360 *chars = char_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used);
362 memset(flag_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), TTY_NORMAL, space);
368 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_prepare_flip_string);
371 * tty_ldisc_receive_buf - forward data to line discipline
372 * @ld: line discipline to process input
374 * @f: %TTY_NORMAL, %TTY_BREAK, etc. flags buffer
375 * @count: number of bytes to process
377 * Callers other than flush_to_ldisc() need to exclude the kworker from
378 * concurrent use of the line discipline, see paste_selection().
380 * Returns: the number of bytes processed.
382 size_t tty_ldisc_receive_buf(struct tty_ldisc *ld, const u8 *p, const u8 *f,
385 if (ld->ops->receive_buf2)
386 count = ld->ops->receive_buf2(ld->tty, p, f, count);
388 count = min_t(size_t, count, ld->tty->receive_room);
389 if (count && ld->ops->receive_buf)
390 ld->ops->receive_buf(ld->tty, p, f, count);
394 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_ldisc_receive_buf);
396 static void lookahead_bufs(struct tty_port *port, struct tty_buffer *head)
398 head->lookahead = max(head->lookahead, head->read);
401 struct tty_buffer *next;
405 * Paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room();
406 * ensures commit value read is not stale if the head
407 * is advancing to the next buffer.
409 next = smp_load_acquire(&head->next);
411 * Paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room() or in
412 * tty_buffer_flush(); ensures we see the committed buffer data.
414 count = smp_load_acquire(&head->commit) - head->lookahead;
420 if (port->client_ops->lookahead_buf) {
423 p = char_buf_ptr(head, head->lookahead);
425 f = flag_buf_ptr(head, head->lookahead);
427 port->client_ops->lookahead_buf(port, p, f, count);
430 head->lookahead += count;
435 receive_buf(struct tty_port *port, struct tty_buffer *head, size_t count)
437 u8 *p = char_buf_ptr(head, head->read);
442 f = flag_buf_ptr(head, head->read);
444 n = port->client_ops->receive_buf(port, p, f, count);
451 * flush_to_ldisc - flush data from buffer to ldisc
452 * @work: tty structure passed from work queue.
454 * This routine is called out of the software interrupt to flush data from the
455 * buffer chain to the line discipline.
457 * The receive_buf() method is single threaded for each tty instance.
459 * Locking: takes buffer lock to ensure single-threaded flip buffer 'consumer'.
461 static void flush_to_ldisc(struct work_struct *work)
463 struct tty_port *port = container_of(work, struct tty_port, buf.work);
464 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
466 mutex_lock(&buf->lock);
469 struct tty_buffer *head = buf->head;
470 struct tty_buffer *next;
473 /* Ldisc or user is trying to gain exclusive access */
474 if (atomic_read(&buf->priority))
477 /* paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room();
478 * ensures commit value read is not stale if the head
479 * is advancing to the next buffer
481 next = smp_load_acquire(&head->next);
482 /* paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room() or in
483 * tty_buffer_flush(); ensures we see the committed buffer data
485 count = smp_load_acquire(&head->commit) - head->read;
490 tty_buffer_free(port, head);
494 rcvd = receive_buf(port, head, count);
497 lookahead_bufs(port, head);
505 mutex_unlock(&buf->lock);
509 static inline void tty_flip_buffer_commit(struct tty_buffer *tail)
512 * Paired w/ acquire in flush_to_ldisc(); ensures flush_to_ldisc() sees
515 smp_store_release(&tail->commit, tail->used);
519 * tty_flip_buffer_push - push terminal buffers
520 * @port: tty port to push
522 * Queue a push of the terminal flip buffers to the line discipline. Can be
523 * called from IRQ/atomic context.
525 * In the event of the queue being busy for flipping the work will be held off
528 void tty_flip_buffer_push(struct tty_port *port)
530 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
532 tty_flip_buffer_commit(buf->tail);
533 queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &buf->work);
535 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tty_flip_buffer_push);
538 * tty_insert_flip_string_and_push_buffer - add characters to the tty buffer and
544 * The function combines tty_insert_flip_string() and tty_flip_buffer_push()
545 * with the exception of properly holding the @port->lock.
547 * To be used only internally (by pty currently).
549 * Returns: the number added.
551 int tty_insert_flip_string_and_push_buffer(struct tty_port *port,
552 const u8 *chars, size_t size)
554 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
557 spin_lock_irqsave(&port->lock, flags);
558 size = tty_insert_flip_string(port, chars, size);
560 tty_flip_buffer_commit(buf->tail);
561 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&port->lock, flags);
563 queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &buf->work);
569 * tty_buffer_init - prepare a tty buffer structure
570 * @port: tty port to initialise
572 * Set up the initial state of the buffer management for a tty device. Must be
573 * called before the other tty buffer functions are used.
575 void tty_buffer_init(struct tty_port *port)
577 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
579 mutex_init(&buf->lock);
580 tty_buffer_reset(&buf->sentinel, 0);
581 buf->head = &buf->sentinel;
582 buf->tail = &buf->sentinel;
583 init_llist_head(&buf->free);
584 atomic_set(&buf->mem_used, 0);
585 atomic_set(&buf->priority, 0);
586 INIT_WORK(&buf->work, flush_to_ldisc);
587 buf->mem_limit = TTYB_DEFAULT_MEM_LIMIT;
591 * tty_buffer_set_limit - change the tty buffer memory limit
592 * @port: tty port to change
593 * @limit: memory limit to set
595 * Change the tty buffer memory limit.
597 * Must be called before the other tty buffer functions are used.
599 int tty_buffer_set_limit(struct tty_port *port, int limit)
601 if (limit < MIN_TTYB_SIZE)
603 port->buf.mem_limit = limit;
606 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_set_limit);
608 /* slave ptys can claim nested buffer lock when handling BRK and INTR */
609 void tty_buffer_set_lock_subclass(struct tty_port *port)
611 lockdep_set_subclass(&port->buf.lock, TTY_LOCK_SLAVE);
614 bool tty_buffer_restart_work(struct tty_port *port)
616 return queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &port->buf.work);
619 bool tty_buffer_cancel_work(struct tty_port *port)
621 return cancel_work_sync(&port->buf.work);
624 void tty_buffer_flush_work(struct tty_port *port)
626 flush_work(&port->buf.work);