1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /* ePAPR hypervisor byte channel device driver
4 * Copyright 2009-2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
6 * Author: Timur Tabi <timur@freescale.com>
8 * This driver support three distinct interfaces, all of which are related to
9 * ePAPR hypervisor byte channels.
11 * 1) An early-console (udbg) driver. This provides early console output
12 * through a byte channel. The byte channel handle must be specified in a
15 * 2) A normal console driver. Output is sent to the byte channel designated
16 * for stdout in the device tree. The console driver is for handling kernel
19 * 3) A tty driver, which is used to handle user-space input and output. The
20 * byte channel used for the console is designated as the default tty.
23 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <linux/slab.h>
25 #include <linux/err.h>
26 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
28 #include <linux/poll.h>
29 #include <asm/epapr_hcalls.h>
31 #include <linux/of_irq.h>
32 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
33 #include <linux/cdev.h>
34 #include <linux/console.h>
35 #include <linux/tty.h>
36 #include <linux/tty_flip.h>
37 #include <linux/circ_buf.h>
40 /* The size of the transmit circular buffer. This must be a power of two. */
43 /* Per-byte channel private data */
51 spinlock_t lock; /* lock for transmit buffer */
52 u8 buf[BUF_SIZE]; /* transmit circular buffer */
53 unsigned int head; /* circular buffer head */
54 unsigned int tail; /* circular buffer tail */
56 int tx_irq_enabled; /* true == TX interrupt is enabled */
59 /* Array of byte channel objects */
60 static struct ehv_bc_data *bcs;
62 /* Byte channel handle for stdout (and stdin), taken from device tree */
63 static unsigned int stdout_bc;
65 /* Virtual IRQ for the byte channel handle for stdin, taken from device tree */
66 static unsigned int stdout_irq;
68 /**************************** SUPPORT FUNCTIONS ****************************/
71 * Enable the transmit interrupt
73 * Unlike a serial device, byte channels have no mechanism for disabling their
74 * own receive or transmit interrupts. To emulate that feature, we toggle
75 * the IRQ in the kernel.
77 * We cannot just blindly call enable_irq() or disable_irq(), because these
78 * calls are reference counted. This means that we cannot call enable_irq()
79 * if interrupts are already enabled. This can happen in two situations:
81 * 1. The tty layer makes two back-to-back calls to ehv_bc_tty_write()
82 * 2. A transmit interrupt occurs while executing ehv_bc_tx_dequeue()
84 * To work around this, we keep a flag to tell us if the IRQ is enabled or not.
86 static void enable_tx_interrupt(struct ehv_bc_data *bc)
88 if (!bc->tx_irq_enabled) {
89 enable_irq(bc->tx_irq);
90 bc->tx_irq_enabled = 1;
94 static void disable_tx_interrupt(struct ehv_bc_data *bc)
96 if (bc->tx_irq_enabled) {
97 disable_irq_nosync(bc->tx_irq);
98 bc->tx_irq_enabled = 0;
103 * find the byte channel handle to use for the console
105 * The byte channel to be used for the console is specified via a "stdout"
106 * property in the /chosen node.
108 static int find_console_handle(void)
110 struct device_node *np = of_stdout;
111 const uint32_t *iprop;
113 /* We don't care what the aliased node is actually called. We only
114 * care if it's compatible with "epapr,hv-byte-channel", because that
115 * indicates that it's a byte channel node.
117 if (!np || !of_device_is_compatible(np, "epapr,hv-byte-channel"))
120 stdout_irq = irq_of_parse_and_map(np, 0);
122 pr_err("ehv-bc: no 'interrupts' property in %pOF node\n", np);
127 * The 'hv-handle' property contains the handle for this byte channel.
129 iprop = of_get_property(np, "hv-handle", NULL);
131 pr_err("ehv-bc: no 'hv-handle' property in %pOFn node\n",
135 stdout_bc = be32_to_cpu(*iprop);
139 static unsigned int local_ev_byte_channel_send(unsigned int handle,
143 u8 buffer[EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES];
144 unsigned int c = *count;
147 * ev_byte_channel_send() expects at least EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES
148 * (16 B) in the buffer. Fake it using a local buffer if needed.
150 if (c < sizeof(buffer)) {
151 memcpy_and_pad(buffer, sizeof(buffer), p, c, 0);
154 return ev_byte_channel_send(handle, count, p);
157 /*************************** EARLY CONSOLE DRIVER ***************************/
159 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC
162 * send a byte to a byte channel, wait if necessary
164 * This function sends a byte to a byte channel, and it waits and
165 * retries if the byte channel is full. It returns if the character
166 * has been sent, or if some error has occurred.
169 static void byte_channel_spin_send(const u8 data)
175 ret = local_ev_byte_channel_send(CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC_HANDLE,
177 } while (ret == EV_EAGAIN);
181 * The udbg subsystem calls this function to display a single character.
182 * We convert CR to a CR/LF.
184 static void ehv_bc_udbg_putc(char c)
187 byte_channel_spin_send('\r');
189 byte_channel_spin_send(c);
193 * early console initialization
195 * PowerPC kernels support an early printk console, also known as udbg.
196 * This function must be called via the ppc_md.init_early function pointer.
197 * At this point, the device tree has been unflattened, so we can obtain the
198 * byte channel handle for stdout.
200 * We only support displaying of characters (putc). We do not support
203 void __init udbg_init_ehv_bc(void)
205 unsigned int rx_count, tx_count;
208 /* Verify the byte channel handle */
209 ret = ev_byte_channel_poll(CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC_HANDLE,
210 &rx_count, &tx_count);
214 udbg_putc = ehv_bc_udbg_putc;
215 register_early_udbg_console();
217 udbg_printf("ehv-bc: early console using byte channel handle %u\n",
218 CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC_HANDLE);
223 /****************************** CONSOLE DRIVER ******************************/
225 static struct tty_driver *ehv_bc_driver;
228 * Byte channel console sending worker function.
230 * For consoles, if the output buffer is full, we should just spin until it
233 static int ehv_bc_console_byte_channel_send(unsigned int handle, const char *s,
240 len = min_t(unsigned int, count, EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES);
242 ret = local_ev_byte_channel_send(handle, &len, s);
243 } while (ret == EV_EAGAIN);
252 * write a string to the console
254 * This function gets called to write a string from the kernel, typically from
255 * a printk(). This function spins until all data is written.
257 * We copy the data to a temporary buffer because we need to insert a \r in
258 * front of every \n. It's more efficient to copy the data to the buffer than
259 * it is to make multiple hcalls for each character or each newline.
261 static void ehv_bc_console_write(struct console *co, const char *s,
264 char s2[EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES];
265 unsigned int i, j = 0;
268 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
275 if (j >= (EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES - 1)) {
276 if (ehv_bc_console_byte_channel_send(stdout_bc, s2, j))
283 ehv_bc_console_byte_channel_send(stdout_bc, s2, j);
287 * When /dev/console is opened, the kernel iterates the console list looking
288 * for one with ->device and then calls that method. On success, it expects
289 * the passed-in int* to contain the minor number to use.
291 static struct tty_driver *ehv_bc_console_device(struct console *co, int *index)
295 return ehv_bc_driver;
298 static struct console ehv_bc_console = {
300 .write = ehv_bc_console_write,
301 .device = ehv_bc_console_device,
302 .flags = CON_PRINTBUFFER | CON_ENABLED,
306 * Console initialization
308 * This is the first function that is called after the device tree is
309 * available, so here is where we determine the byte channel handle and IRQ for
310 * stdout/stdin, even though that information is used by the tty and character
313 static int __init ehv_bc_console_init(void)
315 if (!find_console_handle()) {
316 pr_debug("ehv-bc: stdout is not a byte channel\n");
320 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC
321 /* Print a friendly warning if the user chose the wrong byte channel
324 if (stdout_bc != CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC_HANDLE)
325 pr_warn("ehv-bc: udbg handle %u is not the stdout handle\n",
326 CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC_HANDLE);
329 /* add_preferred_console() must be called before register_console(),
330 otherwise it won't work. However, we don't want to enumerate all the
331 byte channels here, either, since we only care about one. */
333 add_preferred_console(ehv_bc_console.name, ehv_bc_console.index, NULL);
334 register_console(&ehv_bc_console);
336 pr_info("ehv-bc: registered console driver for byte channel %u\n",
341 console_initcall(ehv_bc_console_init);
343 /******************************** TTY DRIVER ********************************/
346 * byte channel receive interrupt handler
348 * This ISR is called whenever data is available on a byte channel.
350 static irqreturn_t ehv_bc_tty_rx_isr(int irq, void *data)
352 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = data;
353 unsigned int rx_count, tx_count, len;
355 char buffer[EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES];
358 /* Find out how much data needs to be read, and then ask the TTY layer
359 * if it can handle that much. We want to ensure that every byte we
360 * read from the byte channel will be accepted by the TTY layer.
362 ev_byte_channel_poll(bc->handle, &rx_count, &tx_count);
363 count = tty_buffer_request_room(&bc->port, rx_count);
365 /* 'count' is the maximum amount of data the TTY layer can accept at
366 * this time. However, during testing, I was never able to get 'count'
367 * to be less than 'rx_count'. I'm not sure whether I'm calling it
372 len = min_t(unsigned int, count, sizeof(buffer));
374 /* Read some data from the byte channel. This function will
375 * never return more than EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES bytes.
377 ev_byte_channel_receive(bc->handle, &len, buffer);
379 /* 'len' is now the amount of data that's been received. 'len'
380 * can't be zero, and most likely it's equal to one.
383 /* Pass the received data to the tty layer. */
384 ret = tty_insert_flip_string(&bc->port, buffer, len);
386 /* 'ret' is the number of bytes that the TTY layer accepted.
387 * If it's not equal to 'len', then it means the buffer is
388 * full, which should never happen. If it does happen, we can
389 * exit gracefully, but we drop the last 'len - ret' characters
390 * that we read from the byte channel.
398 /* Tell the tty layer that we're done. */
399 tty_flip_buffer_push(&bc->port);
405 * dequeue the transmit buffer to the hypervisor
407 * This function, which can be called in interrupt context, dequeues as much
408 * data as possible from the transmit buffer to the byte channel.
410 static void ehv_bc_tx_dequeue(struct ehv_bc_data *bc)
413 unsigned int len, ret;
417 spin_lock_irqsave(&bc->lock, flags);
418 len = min_t(unsigned int,
419 CIRC_CNT_TO_END(bc->head, bc->tail, BUF_SIZE),
420 EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES);
422 ret = local_ev_byte_channel_send(bc->handle, &len, bc->buf + bc->tail);
424 /* 'len' is valid only if the return code is 0 or EV_EAGAIN */
425 if (!ret || (ret == EV_EAGAIN))
426 bc->tail = (bc->tail + len) & (BUF_SIZE - 1);
428 count = CIRC_CNT(bc->head, bc->tail, BUF_SIZE);
429 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bc->lock, flags);
430 } while (count && !ret);
432 spin_lock_irqsave(&bc->lock, flags);
433 if (CIRC_CNT(bc->head, bc->tail, BUF_SIZE))
435 * If we haven't emptied the buffer, then enable the TX IRQ.
436 * We'll get an interrupt when there's more room in the
437 * hypervisor's output buffer.
439 enable_tx_interrupt(bc);
441 disable_tx_interrupt(bc);
442 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bc->lock, flags);
446 * byte channel transmit interrupt handler
448 * This ISR is called whenever space becomes available for transmitting
449 * characters on a byte channel.
451 static irqreturn_t ehv_bc_tty_tx_isr(int irq, void *data)
453 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = data;
455 ehv_bc_tx_dequeue(bc);
456 tty_port_tty_wakeup(&bc->port);
462 * This function is called when the tty layer has data for us send. We store
463 * the data first in a circular buffer, and then dequeue as much of that data
466 * We don't need to worry about whether there is enough room in the buffer for
467 * all the data. The purpose of ehv_bc_tty_write_room() is to tell the tty
468 * layer how much data it can safely send to us. We guarantee that
469 * ehv_bc_tty_write_room() will never lie, so the tty layer will never send us
472 static ssize_t ehv_bc_tty_write(struct tty_struct *ttys, const u8 *s,
475 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = ttys->driver_data;
477 size_t len, written = 0;
480 spin_lock_irqsave(&bc->lock, flags);
481 len = CIRC_SPACE_TO_END(bc->head, bc->tail, BUF_SIZE);
485 memcpy(bc->buf + bc->head, s, len);
486 bc->head = (bc->head + len) & (BUF_SIZE - 1);
488 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bc->lock, flags);
497 ehv_bc_tx_dequeue(bc);
503 * This function can be called multiple times for a given tty_struct, which is
504 * why we initialize bc->ttys in ehv_bc_tty_port_activate() instead.
506 * The tty layer will still call this function even if the device was not
507 * registered (i.e. tty_register_device() was not called). This happens
508 * because tty_register_device() is optional and some legacy drivers don't
509 * use it. So we need to check for that.
511 static int ehv_bc_tty_open(struct tty_struct *ttys, struct file *filp)
513 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = &bcs[ttys->index];
518 return tty_port_open(&bc->port, ttys, filp);
522 * Amazingly, if ehv_bc_tty_open() returns an error code, the tty layer will
523 * still call this function to close the tty device. So we can't assume that
524 * the tty port has been initialized.
526 static void ehv_bc_tty_close(struct tty_struct *ttys, struct file *filp)
528 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = &bcs[ttys->index];
531 tty_port_close(&bc->port, ttys, filp);
535 * Return the amount of space in the output buffer
537 * This is actually a contract between the driver and the tty layer outlining
538 * how much write room the driver can guarantee will be sent OR BUFFERED. This
539 * driver MUST honor the return value.
541 static unsigned int ehv_bc_tty_write_room(struct tty_struct *ttys)
543 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = ttys->driver_data;
547 spin_lock_irqsave(&bc->lock, flags);
548 count = CIRC_SPACE(bc->head, bc->tail, BUF_SIZE);
549 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bc->lock, flags);
555 * Stop sending data to the tty layer
557 * This function is called when the tty layer's input buffers are getting full,
558 * so the driver should stop sending it data. The easiest way to do this is to
559 * disable the RX IRQ, which will prevent ehv_bc_tty_rx_isr() from being
562 * The hypervisor will continue to queue up any incoming data. If there is any
563 * data in the queue when the RX interrupt is enabled, we'll immediately get an
566 static void ehv_bc_tty_throttle(struct tty_struct *ttys)
568 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = ttys->driver_data;
570 disable_irq(bc->rx_irq);
574 * Resume sending data to the tty layer
576 * This function is called after previously calling ehv_bc_tty_throttle(). The
577 * tty layer's input buffers now have more room, so the driver can resume
580 static void ehv_bc_tty_unthrottle(struct tty_struct *ttys)
582 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = ttys->driver_data;
584 /* If there is any data in the queue when the RX interrupt is enabled,
585 * we'll immediately get an RX interrupt.
587 enable_irq(bc->rx_irq);
590 static void ehv_bc_tty_hangup(struct tty_struct *ttys)
592 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = ttys->driver_data;
594 ehv_bc_tx_dequeue(bc);
595 tty_port_hangup(&bc->port);
599 * TTY driver operations
601 * If we could ask the hypervisor how much data is still in the TX buffer, or
602 * at least how big the TX buffers are, then we could implement the
603 * .wait_until_sent and .chars_in_buffer functions.
605 static const struct tty_operations ehv_bc_ops = {
606 .open = ehv_bc_tty_open,
607 .close = ehv_bc_tty_close,
608 .write = ehv_bc_tty_write,
609 .write_room = ehv_bc_tty_write_room,
610 .throttle = ehv_bc_tty_throttle,
611 .unthrottle = ehv_bc_tty_unthrottle,
612 .hangup = ehv_bc_tty_hangup,
616 * initialize the TTY port
618 * This function will only be called once, no matter how many times
619 * ehv_bc_tty_open() is called. That's why we register the ISR here, and also
620 * why we initialize tty_struct-related variables here.
622 static int ehv_bc_tty_port_activate(struct tty_port *port,
623 struct tty_struct *ttys)
625 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = container_of(port, struct ehv_bc_data, port);
628 ttys->driver_data = bc;
630 ret = request_irq(bc->rx_irq, ehv_bc_tty_rx_isr, 0, "ehv-bc", bc);
632 dev_err(bc->dev, "could not request rx irq %u (ret=%i)\n",
637 /* request_irq also enables the IRQ */
638 bc->tx_irq_enabled = 1;
640 ret = request_irq(bc->tx_irq, ehv_bc_tty_tx_isr, 0, "ehv-bc", bc);
642 dev_err(bc->dev, "could not request tx irq %u (ret=%i)\n",
644 free_irq(bc->rx_irq, bc);
648 /* The TX IRQ is enabled only when we can't write all the data to the
649 * byte channel at once, so by default it's disabled.
651 disable_tx_interrupt(bc);
656 static void ehv_bc_tty_port_shutdown(struct tty_port *port)
658 struct ehv_bc_data *bc = container_of(port, struct ehv_bc_data, port);
660 free_irq(bc->tx_irq, bc);
661 free_irq(bc->rx_irq, bc);
664 static const struct tty_port_operations ehv_bc_tty_port_ops = {
665 .activate = ehv_bc_tty_port_activate,
666 .shutdown = ehv_bc_tty_port_shutdown,
669 static int ehv_bc_tty_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
671 struct device_node *np = pdev->dev.of_node;
672 struct ehv_bc_data *bc;
673 const uint32_t *iprop;
676 static unsigned int index = 1;
679 iprop = of_get_property(np, "hv-handle", NULL);
681 dev_err(&pdev->dev, "no 'hv-handle' property in %pOFn node\n",
686 /* We already told the console layer that the index for the console
687 * device is zero, so we need to make sure that we use that index when
688 * we probe the console byte channel node.
690 handle = be32_to_cpu(*iprop);
691 i = (handle == stdout_bc) ? 0 : index++;
697 spin_lock_init(&bc->lock);
699 bc->rx_irq = irq_of_parse_and_map(np, 0);
700 bc->tx_irq = irq_of_parse_and_map(np, 1);
701 if (!bc->rx_irq || !bc->tx_irq) {
702 dev_err(&pdev->dev, "no 'interrupts' property in %pOFn node\n",
708 tty_port_init(&bc->port);
709 bc->port.ops = &ehv_bc_tty_port_ops;
711 bc->dev = tty_port_register_device(&bc->port, ehv_bc_driver, i,
713 if (IS_ERR(bc->dev)) {
714 ret = PTR_ERR(bc->dev);
715 dev_err(&pdev->dev, "could not register tty (ret=%i)\n", ret);
719 dev_set_drvdata(&pdev->dev, bc);
721 dev_info(&pdev->dev, "registered /dev/%s%u for byte channel %u\n",
722 ehv_bc_driver->name, i, bc->handle);
727 tty_port_destroy(&bc->port);
728 irq_dispose_mapping(bc->tx_irq);
729 irq_dispose_mapping(bc->rx_irq);
731 memset(bc, 0, sizeof(struct ehv_bc_data));
735 static const struct of_device_id ehv_bc_tty_of_ids[] = {
736 { .compatible = "epapr,hv-byte-channel" },
740 static struct platform_driver ehv_bc_tty_driver = {
743 .of_match_table = ehv_bc_tty_of_ids,
744 .suppress_bind_attrs = true,
746 .probe = ehv_bc_tty_probe,
750 * ehv_bc_init - ePAPR hypervisor byte channel driver initialization
752 * This function is called when this driver is loaded.
754 static int __init ehv_bc_init(void)
756 struct tty_driver *driver;
757 struct device_node *np;
758 unsigned int count = 0; /* Number of elements in bcs[] */
761 pr_info("ePAPR hypervisor byte channel driver\n");
763 /* Count the number of byte channels */
764 for_each_compatible_node(np, NULL, "epapr,hv-byte-channel")
770 /* The array index of an element in bcs[] is the same as the tty index
771 * for that element. If you know the address of an element in the
772 * array, then you can use pointer math (e.g. "bc - bcs") to get its
775 bcs = kcalloc(count, sizeof(struct ehv_bc_data), GFP_KERNEL);
779 driver = tty_alloc_driver(count, TTY_DRIVER_REAL_RAW |
780 TTY_DRIVER_DYNAMIC_DEV);
781 if (IS_ERR(driver)) {
782 ret = PTR_ERR(driver);
786 driver->driver_name = "ehv-bc";
787 driver->name = ehv_bc_console.name;
788 driver->type = TTY_DRIVER_TYPE_CONSOLE;
789 driver->subtype = SYSTEM_TYPE_CONSOLE;
790 driver->init_termios = tty_std_termios;
791 tty_set_operations(driver, &ehv_bc_ops);
793 ret = tty_register_driver(driver);
795 pr_err("ehv-bc: could not register tty driver (ret=%i)\n", ret);
796 goto err_tty_driver_kref_put;
799 ehv_bc_driver = driver;
801 ret = platform_driver_register(&ehv_bc_tty_driver);
803 pr_err("ehv-bc: could not register platform driver (ret=%i)\n",
805 goto err_deregister_tty_driver;
810 err_deregister_tty_driver:
811 ehv_bc_driver = NULL;
812 tty_unregister_driver(driver);
813 err_tty_driver_kref_put:
814 tty_driver_kref_put(driver);
820 device_initcall(ehv_bc_init);