1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Linux driver for System z and s390 unit record devices
4 * (z/VM virtual punch, reader, printer)
6 * Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2009
7 * Authors: Malcolm Beattie <beattiem@uk.ibm.com>
8 * Michael Holzheu <holzheu@de.ibm.com>
9 * Frank Munzert <munzert@de.ibm.com>
12 #define KMSG_COMPONENT "vmur"
13 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KMSG_COMPONENT ": " fmt
15 #include <linux/cdev.h>
16 #include <linux/slab.h>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
21 #include <asm/ccwdev.h>
22 #include <asm/debug.h>
30 * Unit record device support is implemented as a character device driver.
31 * We can fit at least 16 bits into a device minor number and use the
32 * simple method of mapping a character device number with minor abcd
33 * to the unit record device with devno abcd.
34 * I/O to virtual unit record devices is handled as follows:
35 * Reads: Diagnose code 0x14 (input spool file manipulation)
36 * is used to read spool data page-wise.
37 * Writes: The CCW used is WRITE_CCW_CMD (0x01). The device's record length
38 * is available by reading sysfs attr reclen. Each write() to the device
39 * must specify an integral multiple (maximal 511) of reclen.
42 static char ur_banner[] = "z/VM virtual unit record device driver";
44 MODULE_AUTHOR("IBM Corporation");
45 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("s390 z/VM virtual unit record device driver");
46 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
48 static dev_t ur_first_dev_maj_min;
49 static struct class *vmur_class;
50 static struct debug_info *vmur_dbf;
52 /* We put the device's record length (for writes) in the driver_info field */
53 static struct ccw_device_id ur_ids[] = {
54 { CCWDEV_CU_DI(READER_PUNCH_DEVTYPE, 80) },
55 { CCWDEV_CU_DI(PRINTER_DEVTYPE, 132) },
59 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(ccw, ur_ids);
61 static int ur_probe(struct ccw_device *cdev);
62 static void ur_remove(struct ccw_device *cdev);
63 static int ur_set_online(struct ccw_device *cdev);
64 static int ur_set_offline(struct ccw_device *cdev);
65 static int ur_pm_suspend(struct ccw_device *cdev);
67 static struct ccw_driver ur_driver = {
75 .set_online = ur_set_online,
76 .set_offline = ur_set_offline,
77 .freeze = ur_pm_suspend,
78 .int_class = IRQIO_VMR,
81 static DEFINE_MUTEX(vmur_mutex);
84 * Allocation, freeing, getting and putting of urdev structures
86 * Each ur device (urd) contains a reference to its corresponding ccw device
87 * (cdev) using the urd->cdev pointer. Each ccw device has a reference to the
88 * ur device using dev_get_drvdata(&cdev->dev) pointer.
91 * - ur_probe gets a urd reference, ur_remove drops the reference
92 * dev_get_drvdata(&cdev->dev)
93 * - ur_open gets a urd reference, ur_release drops the reference
97 * - urdev_alloc get a cdev reference (urd->cdev)
98 * - urdev_free drops the cdev reference (urd->cdev)
100 * Setting and clearing of dev_get_drvdata(&cdev->dev) is protected by the ccwdev lock
102 static struct urdev *urdev_alloc(struct ccw_device *cdev)
106 urd = kzalloc(sizeof(struct urdev), GFP_KERNEL);
109 urd->reclen = cdev->id.driver_info;
110 ccw_device_get_id(cdev, &urd->dev_id);
111 mutex_init(&urd->io_mutex);
112 init_waitqueue_head(&urd->wait);
113 spin_lock_init(&urd->open_lock);
114 refcount_set(&urd->ref_count, 1);
116 get_device(&cdev->dev);
120 static void urdev_free(struct urdev *urd)
122 TRACE("urdev_free: %p\n", urd);
124 put_device(&urd->cdev->dev);
128 static void urdev_get(struct urdev *urd)
130 refcount_inc(&urd->ref_count);
133 static struct urdev *urdev_get_from_cdev(struct ccw_device *cdev)
138 spin_lock_irqsave(get_ccwdev_lock(cdev), flags);
139 urd = dev_get_drvdata(&cdev->dev);
142 spin_unlock_irqrestore(get_ccwdev_lock(cdev), flags);
146 static struct urdev *urdev_get_from_devno(u16 devno)
149 struct ccw_device *cdev;
152 sprintf(bus_id, "0.0.%04x", devno);
153 cdev = get_ccwdev_by_busid(&ur_driver, bus_id);
156 urd = urdev_get_from_cdev(cdev);
157 put_device(&cdev->dev);
161 static void urdev_put(struct urdev *urd)
163 if (refcount_dec_and_test(&urd->ref_count))
168 * State and contents of ur devices can be changed by class D users issuing
169 * CP commands such as PURGE or TRANSFER, while the Linux guest is suspended.
170 * Also the Linux guest might be logged off, which causes all active spool
171 * files to be closed.
172 * So we cannot guarantee that spool files are still the same when the Linux
173 * guest is resumed. In order to avoid unpredictable results at resume time
174 * we simply refuse to suspend if a ur device node is open.
176 static int ur_pm_suspend(struct ccw_device *cdev)
178 struct urdev *urd = dev_get_drvdata(&cdev->dev);
180 TRACE("ur_pm_suspend: cdev=%p\n", cdev);
181 if (urd->open_flag) {
182 pr_err("Unit record device %s is busy, %s refusing to "
183 "suspend.\n", dev_name(&cdev->dev), ur_banner);
190 * Low-level functions to do I/O to a ur device.
196 * alloc_chan_prog allocates and builds the channel program
197 * free_chan_prog frees memory of the channel program
199 * do_ur_io issues the channel program to the device and blocks waiting
200 * on a completion event it publishes at urd->io_done. The function
201 * serialises itself on the device's mutex so that only one I/O
202 * is issued at a time (and that I/O is synchronous).
204 * ur_int_handler catches the "I/O done" interrupt, writes the
205 * subchannel status word into the scsw member of the urdev structure
206 * and complete()s the io_done to wake the waiting do_ur_io.
208 * The caller of do_ur_io is responsible for kfree()ing the channel program
209 * address pointer that alloc_chan_prog returned.
212 static void free_chan_prog(struct ccw1 *cpa)
214 struct ccw1 *ptr = cpa;
217 kfree((void *)(addr_t) ptr->cda);
225 * The channel program we use is write commands chained together
226 * with a final NOP CCW command-chained on (which ensures that CE and DE
227 * are presented together in a single interrupt instead of as separate
228 * interrupts unless an incorrect length indication kicks in first). The
229 * data length in each CCW is reclen.
231 static struct ccw1 *alloc_chan_prog(const char __user *ubuf, int rec_count,
238 TRACE("alloc_chan_prog(%p, %i, %i)\n", ubuf, rec_count, reclen);
241 * We chain a NOP onto the writes to force CE+DE together.
242 * That means we allocate room for CCWs to cover count/reclen
243 * records plus a NOP.
245 cpa = kcalloc(rec_count + 1, sizeof(struct ccw1),
246 GFP_KERNEL | GFP_DMA);
248 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
250 for (i = 0; i < rec_count; i++) {
251 cpa[i].cmd_code = WRITE_CCW_CMD;
252 cpa[i].flags = CCW_FLAG_CC | CCW_FLAG_SLI;
253 cpa[i].count = reclen;
254 kbuf = kmalloc(reclen, GFP_KERNEL | GFP_DMA);
257 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
259 cpa[i].cda = (u32)(addr_t) kbuf;
260 if (copy_from_user(kbuf, ubuf, reclen)) {
262 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
266 /* The following NOP CCW forces CE+DE to be presented together */
267 cpa[i].cmd_code = CCW_CMD_NOOP;
271 static int do_ur_io(struct urdev *urd, struct ccw1 *cpa)
274 struct ccw_device *cdev = urd->cdev;
275 DECLARE_COMPLETION_ONSTACK(event);
277 TRACE("do_ur_io: cpa=%p\n", cpa);
279 rc = mutex_lock_interruptible(&urd->io_mutex);
283 urd->io_done = &event;
285 spin_lock_irq(get_ccwdev_lock(cdev));
286 rc = ccw_device_start(cdev, cpa, 1, 0, 0);
287 spin_unlock_irq(get_ccwdev_lock(cdev));
289 TRACE("do_ur_io: ccw_device_start returned %d\n", rc);
293 wait_for_completion(&event);
294 TRACE("do_ur_io: I/O complete\n");
298 mutex_unlock(&urd->io_mutex);
303 * ur interrupt handler, called from the ccw_device layer
305 static void ur_int_handler(struct ccw_device *cdev, unsigned long intparm,
311 TRACE("ur_int_handler: intparm=0x%lx cstat=%02x dstat=%02x res=%u\n",
312 intparm, irb->scsw.cmd.cstat, irb->scsw.cmd.dstat,
313 irb->scsw.cmd.count);
316 TRACE("ur_int_handler: unsolicited interrupt\n");
319 urd = dev_get_drvdata(&cdev->dev);
321 /* On special conditions irb is an error pointer */
323 urd->io_request_rc = PTR_ERR(irb);
324 else if (irb->scsw.cmd.dstat == (DEV_STAT_CHN_END | DEV_STAT_DEV_END))
325 urd->io_request_rc = 0;
327 urd->io_request_rc = -EIO;
329 complete(urd->io_done);
333 * reclen sysfs attribute - The record length to be used for write CCWs
335 static ssize_t ur_attr_reclen_show(struct device *dev,
336 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
341 urd = urdev_get_from_cdev(to_ccwdev(dev));
344 rc = sprintf(buf, "%zu\n", urd->reclen);
349 static DEVICE_ATTR(reclen, 0444, ur_attr_reclen_show, NULL);
351 static int ur_create_attributes(struct device *dev)
353 return device_create_file(dev, &dev_attr_reclen);
356 static void ur_remove_attributes(struct device *dev)
358 device_remove_file(dev, &dev_attr_reclen);
362 * diagnose code 0x210 - retrieve device information
363 * cc=0 normal completion, we have a real device
364 * cc=1 CP paging error
365 * cc=2 The virtual device exists, but is not associated with a real device
366 * cc=3 Invalid device address, or the virtual device does not exist
368 static int get_urd_class(struct urdev *urd)
370 static struct diag210 ur_diag210;
373 ur_diag210.vrdcdvno = urd->dev_id.devno;
374 ur_diag210.vrdclen = sizeof(struct diag210);
376 cc = diag210(&ur_diag210);
381 return ur_diag210.vrdcvcla; /* virtual device class */
390 * Allocation and freeing of urfile structures
392 static struct urfile *urfile_alloc(struct urdev *urd)
396 urf = kzalloc(sizeof(struct urfile), GFP_KERNEL);
401 TRACE("urfile_alloc: urd=%p urf=%p rl=%zu\n", urd, urf,
407 static void urfile_free(struct urfile *urf)
409 TRACE("urfile_free: urf=%p urd=%p\n", urf, urf->urd);
414 * The fops implementation of the character device driver
416 static ssize_t do_write(struct urdev *urd, const char __user *udata,
417 size_t count, size_t reclen, loff_t *ppos)
422 cpa = alloc_chan_prog(udata, count / reclen, reclen);
426 rc = do_ur_io(urd, cpa);
430 if (urd->io_request_rc) {
431 rc = urd->io_request_rc;
442 static ssize_t ur_write(struct file *file, const char __user *udata,
443 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
445 struct urfile *urf = file->private_data;
447 TRACE("ur_write: count=%zu\n", count);
452 if (count % urf->dev_reclen)
453 return -EINVAL; /* count must be a multiple of reclen */
455 if (count > urf->dev_reclen * MAX_RECS_PER_IO)
456 count = urf->dev_reclen * MAX_RECS_PER_IO;
458 return do_write(urf->urd, udata, count, urf->dev_reclen, ppos);
462 * diagnose code 0x14 subcode 0x0028 - position spool file to designated
464 * cc=0 normal completion
465 * cc=2 no file active on the virtual reader or device not ready
466 * cc=3 record specified is beyond EOF
468 static int diag_position_to_record(int devno, int record)
472 cc = diag14(record, devno, 0x28);
479 return -ENODATA; /* position beyond end of file */
486 * diagnose code 0x14 subcode 0x0000 - read next spool file buffer
487 * cc=0 normal completion
489 * cc=2 no file active on the virtual reader, and no file eligible
490 * cc=3 file already active on the virtual reader or specified virtual
491 * reader does not exist or is not a reader
493 static int diag_read_file(int devno, char *buf)
497 cc = diag14((unsigned long) buf, devno, 0x00);
510 static ssize_t diag14_read(struct file *file, char __user *ubuf, size_t count,
513 size_t len, copied, res;
519 urd = ((struct urfile *) file->private_data)->urd;
520 reclen = ((struct urfile *) file->private_data)->file_reclen;
522 rc = diag_position_to_record(urd->dev_id.devno, *offs / PAGE_SIZE + 1);
528 len = min((size_t) PAGE_SIZE, count);
529 buf = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL | GFP_DMA);
534 res = (size_t) (*offs % PAGE_SIZE);
536 rc = diag_read_file(urd->dev_id.devno, buf);
537 if (rc == -ENODATA) {
542 if (reclen && (copied == 0) && (*offs < PAGE_SIZE))
543 *((u16 *) &buf[FILE_RECLEN_OFFSET]) = reclen;
544 len = min(count - copied, PAGE_SIZE - res);
545 if (copy_to_user(ubuf + copied, buf + res, len)) {
551 } while (copied != count);
556 free_page((unsigned long) buf);
560 static ssize_t ur_read(struct file *file, char __user *ubuf, size_t count,
566 TRACE("ur_read: count=%zu ppos=%li\n", count, (unsigned long) *offs);
571 urd = ((struct urfile *) file->private_data)->urd;
572 rc = mutex_lock_interruptible(&urd->io_mutex);
575 rc = diag14_read(file, ubuf, count, offs);
576 mutex_unlock(&urd->io_mutex);
581 * diagnose code 0x14 subcode 0x0fff - retrieve next file descriptor
582 * cc=0 normal completion
583 * cc=1 no files on reader queue or no subsequent file
584 * cc=2 spid specified is invalid
586 static int diag_read_next_file_info(struct file_control_block *buf, int spid)
590 cc = diag14((unsigned long) buf, spid, 0xfff);
599 static int verify_uri_device(struct urdev *urd)
601 struct file_control_block *fcb;
605 fcb = kmalloc(sizeof(*fcb), GFP_KERNEL | GFP_DMA);
609 /* check for empty reader device (beginning of chain) */
610 rc = diag_read_next_file_info(fcb, 0);
614 /* if file is in hold status, we do not read it */
615 if (fcb->file_stat & (FLG_SYSTEM_HOLD | FLG_USER_HOLD)) {
620 /* open file on virtual reader */
621 buf = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL | GFP_DMA);
626 rc = diag_read_file(urd->dev_id.devno, buf);
627 if ((rc != 0) && (rc != -ENODATA)) /* EOF does not hurt */
630 /* check if the file on top of the queue is open now */
631 rc = diag_read_next_file_info(fcb, 0);
634 if (!(fcb->file_stat & FLG_IN_USE)) {
641 free_page((unsigned long) buf);
647 static int verify_device(struct urdev *urd)
649 switch (urd->class) {
651 return 0; /* no check needed here */
653 return verify_uri_device(urd);
659 static int get_uri_file_reclen(struct urdev *urd)
661 struct file_control_block *fcb;
664 fcb = kmalloc(sizeof(*fcb), GFP_KERNEL | GFP_DMA);
667 rc = diag_read_next_file_info(fcb, 0);
670 if (fcb->file_stat & FLG_CP_DUMP)
680 static int get_file_reclen(struct urdev *urd)
682 switch (urd->class) {
686 return get_uri_file_reclen(urd);
692 static int ur_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
697 unsigned short accmode;
700 accmode = file->f_flags & O_ACCMODE;
702 if (accmode == O_RDWR)
705 * We treat the minor number as the devno of the ur device
706 * to find in the driver tree.
708 devno = MINOR(file_inode(file)->i_rdev);
710 urd = urdev_get_from_devno(devno);
716 spin_lock(&urd->open_lock);
717 while (urd->open_flag) {
718 spin_unlock(&urd->open_lock);
719 if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
723 if (wait_event_interruptible(urd->wait, urd->open_flag == 0)) {
727 spin_lock(&urd->open_lock);
730 spin_unlock(&urd->open_lock);
734 if (((accmode == O_RDONLY) && (urd->class != DEV_CLASS_UR_I)) ||
735 ((accmode == O_WRONLY) && (urd->class != DEV_CLASS_UR_O))) {
736 TRACE("ur_open: unsupported dev class (%d)\n", urd->class);
741 rc = verify_device(urd);
745 urf = urfile_alloc(urd);
751 urf->dev_reclen = urd->reclen;
752 rc = get_file_reclen(urd);
754 goto fail_urfile_free;
755 urf->file_reclen = rc;
756 file->private_data = urf;
762 spin_lock(&urd->open_lock);
764 spin_unlock(&urd->open_lock);
771 static int ur_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
773 struct urfile *urf = file->private_data;
775 TRACE("ur_release\n");
776 spin_lock(&urf->urd->open_lock);
777 urf->urd->open_flag--;
778 spin_unlock(&urf->urd->open_lock);
779 wake_up_interruptible(&urf->urd->wait);
785 static loff_t ur_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
787 if ((file->f_flags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDONLY)
788 return -ESPIPE; /* seek allowed only for reader */
789 if (offset % PAGE_SIZE)
790 return -ESPIPE; /* only multiples of 4K allowed */
791 return no_seek_end_llseek(file, offset, whence);
794 static const struct file_operations ur_fops = {
795 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
797 .release = ur_release,
804 * ccw_device infrastructure:
805 * ur_probe creates the struct urdev (with refcount = 1), the device
806 * attributes, sets up the interrupt handler and validates the virtual
807 * unit record device.
808 * ur_remove removes the device attributes and drops the reference to
811 * ur_probe, ur_remove, ur_set_online and ur_set_offline are serialized
812 * by the vmur_mutex lock.
814 * urd->char_device is used as indication that the online function has
815 * been completed successfully.
817 static int ur_probe(struct ccw_device *cdev)
822 TRACE("ur_probe: cdev=%p\n", cdev);
824 mutex_lock(&vmur_mutex);
825 urd = urdev_alloc(cdev);
831 rc = ur_create_attributes(&cdev->dev);
836 cdev->handler = ur_int_handler;
838 /* validate virtual unit record device */
839 urd->class = get_urd_class(urd);
840 if (urd->class < 0) {
842 goto fail_remove_attr;
844 if ((urd->class != DEV_CLASS_UR_I) && (urd->class != DEV_CLASS_UR_O)) {
846 goto fail_remove_attr;
848 spin_lock_irq(get_ccwdev_lock(cdev));
849 dev_set_drvdata(&cdev->dev, urd);
850 spin_unlock_irq(get_ccwdev_lock(cdev));
852 mutex_unlock(&vmur_mutex);
856 ur_remove_attributes(&cdev->dev);
860 mutex_unlock(&vmur_mutex);
864 static int ur_set_online(struct ccw_device *cdev)
867 int minor, major, rc;
870 TRACE("ur_set_online: cdev=%p\n", cdev);
872 mutex_lock(&vmur_mutex);
873 urd = urdev_get_from_cdev(cdev);
875 /* ur_remove already deleted our urd */
880 if (urd->char_device) {
881 /* Another ur_set_online was faster */
886 minor = urd->dev_id.devno;
887 major = MAJOR(ur_first_dev_maj_min);
889 urd->char_device = cdev_alloc();
890 if (!urd->char_device) {
895 urd->char_device->ops = &ur_fops;
896 urd->char_device->owner = ur_fops.owner;
898 rc = cdev_add(urd->char_device, MKDEV(major, minor), 1);
901 if (urd->cdev->id.cu_type == READER_PUNCH_DEVTYPE) {
902 if (urd->class == DEV_CLASS_UR_I)
903 sprintf(node_id, "vmrdr-%s", dev_name(&cdev->dev));
904 if (urd->class == DEV_CLASS_UR_O)
905 sprintf(node_id, "vmpun-%s", dev_name(&cdev->dev));
906 } else if (urd->cdev->id.cu_type == PRINTER_DEVTYPE) {
907 sprintf(node_id, "vmprt-%s", dev_name(&cdev->dev));
913 urd->device = device_create(vmur_class, &cdev->dev,
914 urd->char_device->dev, NULL, "%s", node_id);
915 if (IS_ERR(urd->device)) {
916 rc = PTR_ERR(urd->device);
917 TRACE("ur_set_online: device_create rc=%d\n", rc);
921 mutex_unlock(&vmur_mutex);
925 cdev_del(urd->char_device);
926 urd->char_device = NULL;
930 mutex_unlock(&vmur_mutex);
934 static int ur_set_offline_force(struct ccw_device *cdev, int force)
939 TRACE("ur_set_offline: cdev=%p\n", cdev);
940 urd = urdev_get_from_cdev(cdev);
942 /* ur_remove already deleted our urd */
944 if (!urd->char_device) {
945 /* Another ur_set_offline was faster */
949 if (!force && (refcount_read(&urd->ref_count) > 2)) {
950 /* There is still a user of urd (e.g. ur_open) */
951 TRACE("ur_set_offline: BUSY\n");
955 device_destroy(vmur_class, urd->char_device->dev);
956 cdev_del(urd->char_device);
957 urd->char_device = NULL;
965 static int ur_set_offline(struct ccw_device *cdev)
969 mutex_lock(&vmur_mutex);
970 rc = ur_set_offline_force(cdev, 0);
971 mutex_unlock(&vmur_mutex);
975 static void ur_remove(struct ccw_device *cdev)
979 TRACE("ur_remove\n");
981 mutex_lock(&vmur_mutex);
984 ur_set_offline_force(cdev, 1);
985 ur_remove_attributes(&cdev->dev);
987 spin_lock_irqsave(get_ccwdev_lock(cdev), flags);
988 urdev_put(dev_get_drvdata(&cdev->dev));
989 dev_set_drvdata(&cdev->dev, NULL);
990 spin_unlock_irqrestore(get_ccwdev_lock(cdev), flags);
992 mutex_unlock(&vmur_mutex);
996 * Module initialisation and cleanup
998 static int __init ur_init(void)
1003 if (!MACHINE_IS_VM) {
1004 pr_err("The %s cannot be loaded without z/VM\n",
1009 vmur_dbf = debug_register("vmur", 4, 1, 4 * sizeof(long));
1012 rc = debug_register_view(vmur_dbf, &debug_sprintf_view);
1016 debug_set_level(vmur_dbf, 6);
1018 vmur_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "vmur");
1019 if (IS_ERR(vmur_class)) {
1020 rc = PTR_ERR(vmur_class);
1024 rc = ccw_driver_register(&ur_driver);
1026 goto fail_class_destroy;
1028 rc = alloc_chrdev_region(&dev, 0, NUM_MINORS, "vmur");
1030 pr_err("Kernel function alloc_chrdev_region failed with "
1031 "error code %d\n", rc);
1032 goto fail_unregister_driver;
1034 ur_first_dev_maj_min = MKDEV(MAJOR(dev), 0);
1036 pr_info("%s loaded.\n", ur_banner);
1039 fail_unregister_driver:
1040 ccw_driver_unregister(&ur_driver);
1042 class_destroy(vmur_class);
1044 debug_unregister(vmur_dbf);
1048 static void __exit ur_exit(void)
1050 unregister_chrdev_region(ur_first_dev_maj_min, NUM_MINORS);
1051 ccw_driver_unregister(&ur_driver);
1052 class_destroy(vmur_class);
1053 debug_unregister(vmur_dbf);
1054 pr_info("%s unloaded.\n", ur_banner);
1057 module_init(ur_init);
1058 module_exit(ur_exit);