4 * @remark Copyright 2002-2009 OProfile authors
5 * @remark Read the file COPYING
7 * @author John Levon <levon@movementarian.org>
8 * @author Barry Kasindorf
9 * @author Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
11 * This is the core of the buffer management. Each
12 * CPU buffer is processed and entered into the
13 * global event buffer. Such processing is necessary
14 * in several circumstances, mentioned below.
16 * The processing does the job of converting the
17 * transitory EIP value into a persistent dentry/offset
18 * value that the profiler can record at its leisure.
20 * See fs/dcookies.c for a description of the dentry/offset
24 #include <linux/file.h>
26 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
27 #include <linux/notifier.h>
28 #include <linux/dcookies.h>
29 #include <linux/profile.h>
30 #include <linux/module.h>
32 #include <linux/oprofile.h>
33 #include <linux/sched.h>
34 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
35 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
36 #include <linux/gfp.h>
38 #include "oprofile_stats.h"
39 #include "event_buffer.h"
40 #include "cpu_buffer.h"
41 #include "buffer_sync.h"
43 static LIST_HEAD(dying_tasks);
44 static LIST_HEAD(dead_tasks);
45 static cpumask_var_t marked_cpus;
46 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(task_mortuary);
47 static void process_task_mortuary(void);
49 /* Take ownership of the task struct and place it on the
50 * list for processing. Only after two full buffer syncs
51 * does the task eventually get freed, because by then
52 * we are sure we will not reference it again.
53 * Can be invoked from softirq via RCU callback due to
54 * call_rcu() of the task struct, hence the _irqsave.
57 task_free_notify(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long val, void *data)
60 struct task_struct *task = data;
61 spin_lock_irqsave(&task_mortuary, flags);
62 list_add(&task->tasks, &dying_tasks);
63 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&task_mortuary, flags);
68 /* The task is on its way out. A sync of the buffer means we can catch
69 * any remaining samples for this task.
72 task_exit_notify(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long val, void *data)
74 /* To avoid latency problems, we only process the current CPU,
75 * hoping that most samples for the task are on this CPU
77 sync_buffer(raw_smp_processor_id());
82 /* The task is about to try a do_munmap(). We peek at what it's going to
83 * do, and if it's an executable region, process the samples first, so
84 * we don't lose any. This does not have to be exact, it's a QoI issue
88 munmap_notify(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long val, void *data)
90 unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)data;
91 struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
92 struct vm_area_struct *mpnt;
96 mpnt = find_vma(mm, addr);
97 if (mpnt && mpnt->vm_file && (mpnt->vm_flags & VM_EXEC)) {
99 /* To avoid latency problems, we only process the current CPU,
100 * hoping that most samples for the task are on this CPU
102 sync_buffer(raw_smp_processor_id());
106 mmap_read_unlock(mm);
111 /* We need to be told about new modules so we don't attribute to a previously
112 * loaded module, or drop the samples on the floor.
115 module_load_notify(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long val, void *data)
117 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
118 if (val != MODULE_STATE_COMING)
121 /* FIXME: should we process all CPU buffers ? */
122 mutex_lock(&buffer_mutex);
123 add_event_entry(ESCAPE_CODE);
124 add_event_entry(MODULE_LOADED_CODE);
125 mutex_unlock(&buffer_mutex);
131 static struct notifier_block task_free_nb = {
132 .notifier_call = task_free_notify,
135 static struct notifier_block task_exit_nb = {
136 .notifier_call = task_exit_notify,
139 static struct notifier_block munmap_nb = {
140 .notifier_call = munmap_notify,
143 static struct notifier_block module_load_nb = {
144 .notifier_call = module_load_notify,
147 static void free_all_tasks(void)
149 /* make sure we don't leak task structs */
150 process_task_mortuary();
151 process_task_mortuary();
158 if (!zalloc_cpumask_var(&marked_cpus, GFP_KERNEL))
161 err = task_handoff_register(&task_free_nb);
164 err = profile_event_register(PROFILE_TASK_EXIT, &task_exit_nb);
167 err = profile_event_register(PROFILE_MUNMAP, &munmap_nb);
170 err = register_module_notifier(&module_load_nb);
179 profile_event_unregister(PROFILE_MUNMAP, &munmap_nb);
181 profile_event_unregister(PROFILE_TASK_EXIT, &task_exit_nb);
183 task_handoff_unregister(&task_free_nb);
186 free_cpumask_var(marked_cpus);
194 unregister_module_notifier(&module_load_nb);
195 profile_event_unregister(PROFILE_MUNMAP, &munmap_nb);
196 profile_event_unregister(PROFILE_TASK_EXIT, &task_exit_nb);
197 task_handoff_unregister(&task_free_nb);
198 barrier(); /* do all of the above first */
203 free_cpumask_var(marked_cpus);
207 /* Optimisation. We can manage without taking the dcookie sem
208 * because we cannot reach this code without at least one
209 * dcookie user still being registered (namely, the reader
210 * of the event buffer). */
211 static inline unsigned long fast_get_dcookie(const struct path *path)
213 unsigned long cookie;
215 if (path->dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_COOKIE)
216 return (unsigned long)path->dentry;
217 get_dcookie(path, &cookie);
222 /* Look up the dcookie for the task's mm->exe_file,
223 * which corresponds loosely to "application name". This is
224 * not strictly necessary but allows oprofile to associate
225 * shared-library samples with particular applications
227 static unsigned long get_exec_dcookie(struct mm_struct *mm)
229 unsigned long cookie = NO_COOKIE;
230 struct file *exe_file;
235 exe_file = get_mm_exe_file(mm);
239 cookie = fast_get_dcookie(&exe_file->f_path);
246 /* Convert the EIP value of a sample into a persistent dentry/offset
247 * pair that can then be added to the global event buffer. We make
248 * sure to do this lookup before a mm->mmap modification happens so
249 * we don't lose track.
251 * The caller must ensure the mm is not nil (ie: not a kernel thread).
254 lookup_dcookie(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, off_t *offset)
256 unsigned long cookie = NO_COOKIE;
257 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
260 for (vma = find_vma(mm, addr); vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
262 if (addr < vma->vm_start || addr >= vma->vm_end)
266 cookie = fast_get_dcookie(&vma->vm_file->f_path);
267 *offset = (vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT) + addr -
270 /* must be an anonymous map */
278 cookie = INVALID_COOKIE;
279 mmap_read_unlock(mm);
284 static unsigned long last_cookie = INVALID_COOKIE;
286 static void add_cpu_switch(int i)
288 add_event_entry(ESCAPE_CODE);
289 add_event_entry(CPU_SWITCH_CODE);
291 last_cookie = INVALID_COOKIE;
294 static void add_kernel_ctx_switch(unsigned int in_kernel)
296 add_event_entry(ESCAPE_CODE);
298 add_event_entry(KERNEL_ENTER_SWITCH_CODE);
300 add_event_entry(KERNEL_EXIT_SWITCH_CODE);
304 add_user_ctx_switch(struct task_struct const *task, unsigned long cookie)
306 add_event_entry(ESCAPE_CODE);
307 add_event_entry(CTX_SWITCH_CODE);
308 add_event_entry(task->pid);
309 add_event_entry(cookie);
310 /* Another code for daemon back-compat */
311 add_event_entry(ESCAPE_CODE);
312 add_event_entry(CTX_TGID_CODE);
313 add_event_entry(task->tgid);
317 static void add_cookie_switch(unsigned long cookie)
319 add_event_entry(ESCAPE_CODE);
320 add_event_entry(COOKIE_SWITCH_CODE);
321 add_event_entry(cookie);
325 static void add_trace_begin(void)
327 add_event_entry(ESCAPE_CODE);
328 add_event_entry(TRACE_BEGIN_CODE);
331 static void add_data(struct op_entry *entry, struct mm_struct *mm)
333 unsigned long code, pc, val;
334 unsigned long cookie;
337 if (!op_cpu_buffer_get_data(entry, &code))
339 if (!op_cpu_buffer_get_data(entry, &pc))
341 if (!op_cpu_buffer_get_size(entry))
345 cookie = lookup_dcookie(mm, pc, &offset);
347 if (cookie == NO_COOKIE)
349 if (cookie == INVALID_COOKIE) {
350 atomic_inc(&oprofile_stats.sample_lost_no_mapping);
353 if (cookie != last_cookie) {
354 add_cookie_switch(cookie);
355 last_cookie = cookie;
360 add_event_entry(ESCAPE_CODE);
361 add_event_entry(code);
362 add_event_entry(offset); /* Offset from Dcookie */
364 while (op_cpu_buffer_get_data(entry, &val))
365 add_event_entry(val);
368 static inline void add_sample_entry(unsigned long offset, unsigned long event)
370 add_event_entry(offset);
371 add_event_entry(event);
376 * Add a sample to the global event buffer. If possible the
377 * sample is converted into a persistent dentry/offset pair
378 * for later lookup from userspace. Return 0 on failure.
381 add_sample(struct mm_struct *mm, struct op_sample *s, int in_kernel)
383 unsigned long cookie;
387 add_sample_entry(s->eip, s->event);
391 /* add userspace sample */
394 atomic_inc(&oprofile_stats.sample_lost_no_mm);
398 cookie = lookup_dcookie(mm, s->eip, &offset);
400 if (cookie == INVALID_COOKIE) {
401 atomic_inc(&oprofile_stats.sample_lost_no_mapping);
405 if (cookie != last_cookie) {
406 add_cookie_switch(cookie);
407 last_cookie = cookie;
410 add_sample_entry(offset, s->event);
416 static void release_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
423 static inline int is_code(unsigned long val)
425 return val == ESCAPE_CODE;
429 /* Move tasks along towards death. Any tasks on dead_tasks
430 * will definitely have no remaining references in any
431 * CPU buffers at this point, because we use two lists,
432 * and to have reached the list, it must have gone through
433 * one full sync already.
435 static void process_task_mortuary(void)
438 LIST_HEAD(local_dead_tasks);
439 struct task_struct *task;
440 struct task_struct *ttask;
442 spin_lock_irqsave(&task_mortuary, flags);
444 list_splice_init(&dead_tasks, &local_dead_tasks);
445 list_splice_init(&dying_tasks, &dead_tasks);
447 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&task_mortuary, flags);
449 list_for_each_entry_safe(task, ttask, &local_dead_tasks, tasks) {
450 list_del(&task->tasks);
456 static void mark_done(int cpu)
460 cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, marked_cpus);
462 for_each_online_cpu(i) {
463 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(i, marked_cpus))
467 /* All CPUs have been processed at least once,
468 * we can process the mortuary once
470 process_task_mortuary();
472 cpumask_clear(marked_cpus);
476 /* FIXME: this is not sufficient if we implement syscall barrier backtrace
477 * traversal, the code switch to sb_sample_start at first kernel enter/exit
478 * switch so we need a fifth state and some special handling in sync_buffer()
487 /* Sync one of the CPU's buffers into the global event buffer.
488 * Here we need to go through each batch of samples punctuated
489 * by context switch notes, taking the task's mmap_lock and doing
490 * lookup in task->mm->mmap to convert EIP into dcookie/offset
493 void sync_buffer(int cpu)
495 struct mm_struct *mm = NULL;
496 struct mm_struct *oldmm;
498 struct task_struct *new;
499 unsigned long cookie = 0;
501 sync_buffer_state state = sb_buffer_start;
503 unsigned long available;
505 struct op_entry entry;
506 struct op_sample *sample;
508 mutex_lock(&buffer_mutex);
512 op_cpu_buffer_reset(cpu);
513 available = op_cpu_buffer_entries(cpu);
515 for (i = 0; i < available; ++i) {
516 sample = op_cpu_buffer_read_entry(&entry, cpu);
520 if (is_code(sample->eip)) {
521 flags = sample->event;
522 if (flags & TRACE_BEGIN) {
526 if (flags & KERNEL_CTX_SWITCH) {
527 /* kernel/userspace switch */
528 in_kernel = flags & IS_KERNEL;
529 if (state == sb_buffer_start)
530 state = sb_sample_start;
531 add_kernel_ctx_switch(flags & IS_KERNEL);
533 if (flags & USER_CTX_SWITCH
534 && op_cpu_buffer_get_data(&entry, &val)) {
535 /* userspace context switch */
536 new = (struct task_struct *)val;
539 mm = get_task_mm(new);
541 cookie = get_exec_dcookie(mm);
542 add_user_ctx_switch(new, cookie);
544 if (op_cpu_buffer_get_size(&entry))
545 add_data(&entry, mm);
549 if (state < sb_bt_start)
553 if (add_sample(mm, sample, in_kernel))
556 /* ignore backtraces if failed to add a sample */
557 if (state == sb_bt_start) {
558 state = sb_bt_ignore;
559 atomic_inc(&oprofile_stats.bt_lost_no_mapping);
566 mutex_unlock(&buffer_mutex);
569 /* The function can be used to add a buffer worth of data directly to
570 * the kernel buffer. The buffer is assumed to be a circular buffer.
571 * Take the entries from index start and end at index end, wrapping
574 void oprofile_put_buff(unsigned long *buf, unsigned int start,
575 unsigned int stop, unsigned int max)
581 mutex_lock(&buffer_mutex);
583 add_event_entry(buf[i++]);
589 mutex_unlock(&buffer_mutex);