drivers/misc/lkdtm/perms.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2 /*
   3  * This is for all the tests related to validating kernel memory
   4  * permissions: non-executable regions, non-writable regions, and
   5  * even non-readable regions.
   6  */
   7 #include "lkdtm.h"
   8 #include <linux/slab.h>
   9 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
  10 #include <linux/mman.h>
  11 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
  12 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
  13 #include <asm/sections.h>
  14
  15 /* Whether or not to fill the target memory area with do_nothing(). */
  16 #define CODE_WRITE      true
  17 #define CODE_AS_IS      false
  18
  19 /* How many bytes to copy to be sure we've copied enough of do_nothing(). */
  20 #define EXEC_SIZE 64
  21
  22 /* This is non-const, so it will end up in the .data section. */
  23 static u8 data_area[EXEC_SIZE];
  24
  25 /* This is const, so it will end up in the .rodata section. */
  26 static const unsigned long rodata = 0xAA55AA55;
  27
  28 /* This is marked __ro_after_init, so it should ultimately be .rodata. */
  29 static unsigned long ro_after_init __ro_after_init = 0x55AA5500;
  30
  31 /*
  32  * This just returns to the caller. It is designed to be copied into
  33  * non-executable memory regions.
  34  */
  35 static noinline void do_nothing(void)
  36 {
  37         return;
  38 }
  39
  40 /* Must immediately follow do_nothing for size calculuations to work out. */
  41 static noinline void do_overwritten(void)
  42 {
  43         pr_info("do_overwritten wasn't overwritten!\n");
  44         return;
  45 }
  46
  47 static noinline void do_almost_nothing(void)
  48 {
  49         pr_info("do_nothing was hijacked!\n");
  50 }
  51
  52 static void *setup_function_descriptor(func_desc_t *fdesc, void *dst)
  53 {
  54         if (!have_function_descriptors())
  55                 return dst;
  56
  57         memcpy(fdesc, do_nothing, sizeof(*fdesc));
  58         fdesc->addr = (unsigned long)dst;
  59         barrier();
  60
  61         return fdesc;
  62 }
  63
  64 static noinline void execute_location(void *dst, bool write)
  65 {
  66         void (*func)(void);
  67         func_desc_t fdesc;
  68         void *do_nothing_text = dereference_function_descriptor(do_nothing);
  69
  70         pr_info("attempting ok execution at %px\n", do_nothing_text);
  71         do_nothing();
  72
  73         if (write == CODE_WRITE) {
  74                 memcpy(dst, do_nothing_text, EXEC_SIZE);
  75                 flush_icache_range((unsigned long)dst,
  76                                    (unsigned long)dst + EXEC_SIZE);
  77         }
  78         pr_info("attempting bad execution at %px\n", dst);
  79         func = setup_function_descriptor(&fdesc, dst);
  80         func();
  81         pr_err("FAIL: func returned\n");
  82 }
  83
  84 static void execute_user_location(void *dst)
  85 {
  86         int copied;
  87
  88         /* Intentionally crossing kernel/user memory boundary. */
  89         void (*func)(void);
  90         func_desc_t fdesc;
  91         void *do_nothing_text = dereference_function_descriptor(do_nothing);
  92
  93         pr_info("attempting ok execution at %px\n", do_nothing_text);
  94         do_nothing();
  95
  96         copied = access_process_vm(current, (unsigned long)dst, do_nothing_text,
  97                                    EXEC_SIZE, FOLL_WRITE);
  98         if (copied < EXEC_SIZE)
  99                 return;
 100         pr_info("attempting bad execution at %px\n", dst);
 101         func = setup_function_descriptor(&fdesc, dst);
 102         func();
 103         pr_err("FAIL: func returned\n");
 104 }
 105
 106 static void lkdtm_WRITE_RO(void)
 107 {
 108         /* Explicitly cast away "const" for the test and make volatile. */
 109         volatile unsigned long *ptr = (unsigned long *)&rodata;
 110
 111         pr_info("attempting bad rodata write at %px\n", ptr);
 112         *ptr ^= 0xabcd1234;
 113         pr_err("FAIL: survived bad write\n");
 114 }
 115
 116 static void lkdtm_WRITE_RO_AFTER_INIT(void)
 117 {
 118         volatile unsigned long *ptr = &ro_after_init;
 119
 120         /*
 121          * Verify we were written to during init. Since an Oops
 122          * is considered a "success", a failure is to just skip the
 123          * real test.
 124          */
 125         if ((*ptr & 0xAA) != 0xAA) {
 126                 pr_info("%p was NOT written during init!?\n", ptr);
 127                 return;
 128         }
 129
 130         pr_info("attempting bad ro_after_init write at %px\n", ptr);
 131         *ptr ^= 0xabcd1234;
 132         pr_err("FAIL: survived bad write\n");
 133 }
 134
 135 static void lkdtm_WRITE_KERN(void)
 136 {
 137         size_t size;
 138         volatile unsigned char *ptr;
 139
 140         size = (unsigned long)dereference_function_descriptor(do_overwritten) -
 141                (unsigned long)dereference_function_descriptor(do_nothing);
 142         ptr = dereference_function_descriptor(do_overwritten);
 143
 144         pr_info("attempting bad %zu byte write at %px\n", size, ptr);
 145         memcpy((void *)ptr, (unsigned char *)do_nothing, size);
 146         flush_icache_range((unsigned long)ptr, (unsigned long)(ptr + size));
 147         pr_err("FAIL: survived bad write\n");
 148
 149         do_overwritten();
 150 }
 151
 152 static void lkdtm_WRITE_OPD(void)
 153 {
 154         size_t size = sizeof(func_desc_t);
 155         void (*func)(void) = do_nothing;
 156
 157         if (!have_function_descriptors()) {
 158                 pr_info("XFAIL: Platform doesn't use function descriptors.\n");
 159                 return;
 160         }
 161         pr_info("attempting bad %zu bytes write at %px\n", size, do_nothing);
 162         memcpy(do_nothing, do_almost_nothing, size);
 163         pr_err("FAIL: survived bad write\n");
 164
 165         asm("" : "=m"(func));
 166         func();
 167 }
 168
 169 static void lkdtm_EXEC_DATA(void)
 170 {
 171         execute_location(data_area, CODE_WRITE);
 172 }
 173
 174 static void lkdtm_EXEC_STACK(void)
 175 {
 176         u8 stack_area[EXEC_SIZE];
 177         execute_location(stack_area, CODE_WRITE);
 178 }
 179
 180 static void lkdtm_EXEC_KMALLOC(void)
 181 {
 182         u32 *kmalloc_area = kmalloc(EXEC_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
 183         execute_location(kmalloc_area, CODE_WRITE);
 184         kfree(kmalloc_area);
 185 }
 186
 187 static void lkdtm_EXEC_VMALLOC(void)
 188 {
 189         u32 *vmalloc_area = vmalloc(EXEC_SIZE);
 190         execute_location(vmalloc_area, CODE_WRITE);
 191         vfree(vmalloc_area);
 192 }
 193
 194 static void lkdtm_EXEC_RODATA(void)
 195 {
 196         execute_location(dereference_function_descriptor(lkdtm_rodata_do_nothing),
 197                          CODE_AS_IS);
 198 }
 199
 200 static void lkdtm_EXEC_USERSPACE(void)
 201 {
 202         unsigned long user_addr;
 203
 204         user_addr = vm_mmap(NULL, 0, PAGE_SIZE,
 205                             PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC,
 206                             MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, 0);
 207         if (user_addr >= TASK_SIZE) {
 208                 pr_warn("Failed to allocate user memory\n");
 209                 return;
 210         }
 211         execute_user_location((void *)user_addr);
 212         vm_munmap(user_addr, PAGE_SIZE);
 213 }
 214
 215 static void lkdtm_EXEC_NULL(void)
 216 {
 217         execute_location(NULL, CODE_AS_IS);
 218 }
 219
 220 static void lkdtm_ACCESS_USERSPACE(void)
 221 {
 222         unsigned long user_addr, tmp = 0;
 223         unsigned long *ptr;
 224
 225         user_addr = vm_mmap(NULL, 0, PAGE_SIZE,
 226                             PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC,
 227                             MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, 0);
 228         if (user_addr >= TASK_SIZE) {
 229                 pr_warn("Failed to allocate user memory\n");
 230                 return;
 231         }
 232
 233         if (copy_to_user((void __user *)user_addr, &tmp, sizeof(tmp))) {
 234                 pr_warn("copy_to_user failed\n");
 235                 vm_munmap(user_addr, PAGE_SIZE);
 236                 return;
 237         }
 238
 239         ptr = (unsigned long *)user_addr;
 240
 241         pr_info("attempting bad read at %px\n", ptr);
 242         tmp = *ptr;
 243         tmp += 0xc0dec0de;
 244         pr_err("FAIL: survived bad read\n");
 245
 246         pr_info("attempting bad write at %px\n", ptr);
 247         *ptr = tmp;
 248         pr_err("FAIL: survived bad write\n");
 249
 250         vm_munmap(user_addr, PAGE_SIZE);
 251 }
 252
 253 static void lkdtm_ACCESS_NULL(void)
 254 {
 255         unsigned long tmp;
 256         volatile unsigned long *ptr = (unsigned long *)NULL;
 257
 258         pr_info("attempting bad read at %px\n", ptr);
 259         tmp = *ptr;
 260         tmp += 0xc0dec0de;
 261         pr_err("FAIL: survived bad read\n");
 262
 263         pr_info("attempting bad write at %px\n", ptr);
 264         *ptr = tmp;
 265         pr_err("FAIL: survived bad write\n");
 266 }
 267
 268 void __init lkdtm_perms_init(void)
 269 {
 270         /* Make sure we can write to __ro_after_init values during __init */
 271         ro_after_init |= 0xAA;
 272 }
 273
 274 static struct crashtype crashtypes[] = {
 275         CRASHTYPE(WRITE_RO),
 276         CRASHTYPE(WRITE_RO_AFTER_INIT),
 277         CRASHTYPE(WRITE_KERN),
 278         CRASHTYPE(WRITE_OPD),
 279         CRASHTYPE(EXEC_DATA),
 280         CRASHTYPE(EXEC_STACK),
 281         CRASHTYPE(EXEC_KMALLOC),
 282         CRASHTYPE(EXEC_VMALLOC),
 283         CRASHTYPE(EXEC_RODATA),
 284         CRASHTYPE(EXEC_USERSPACE),
 285         CRASHTYPE(EXEC_NULL),
 286         CRASHTYPE(ACCESS_USERSPACE),
 287         CRASHTYPE(ACCESS_NULL),
 288 };
 289
 290 struct crashtype_category perms_crashtypes = {
 291         .crashtypes = crashtypes,
 292         .len        = ARRAY_SIZE(crashtypes),
 293 };