2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
38 #include <linux/highmem.h>
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/efi.h>
41 #include <linux/init.h>
42 #include <linux/edd.h>
43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
44 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/dmi.h>
47 #include <linux/pfn.h>
48 #include <linux/pci.h>
49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
52 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
54 #include <linux/errno.h>
55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
71 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
73 #include <video/edid.h>
77 #include <asm/realmode.h>
79 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
80 #include <asm/setup.h>
82 #include <asm/timer.h>
83 #include <asm/i8259.h>
84 #include <asm/sections.h>
85 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
87 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
88 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
89 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
90 #include <asm/processor.h>
93 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
97 #include <asm/iommu.h>
99 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
100 #include <asm/proto.h>
102 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
103 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
104 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
106 #include <asm/percpu.h>
107 #include <asm/topology.h>
108 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
109 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
111 #include <asm/alternative.h>
112 #include <asm/prom.h>
115 * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn under 4GB
116 * max_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn over 4GB
118 * The direct mapping only covers E820_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are
119 * represented by pfn_mapped
121 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
122 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
125 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
129 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
130 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
133 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
135 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
138 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)
140 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid);
144 struct boot_params boot_params;
149 static struct resource data_resource = {
150 .name = "Kernel data",
153 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
156 static struct resource code_resource = {
157 .name = "Kernel code",
160 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
163 static struct resource bss_resource = {
164 .name = "Kernel bss",
167 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
172 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
173 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data = {
176 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
177 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
180 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
182 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
184 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
185 unsigned int machine_id;
186 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
187 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
189 struct apm_info apm_info;
190 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
192 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
193 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
194 struct ist_info ist_info;
195 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
197 struct ist_info ist_info;
201 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
202 .x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
204 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
208 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
209 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
211 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
214 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
215 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
220 struct screen_info screen_info;
221 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
222 struct edid_info edid_info;
223 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
225 extern int root_mountflags;
227 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
229 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
230 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
231 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
233 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
234 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
235 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
238 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
240 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
244 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
245 * from boot_params into a safe place.
248 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
250 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
251 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
252 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
253 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
254 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
257 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
262 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
264 size_t mask = align - 1;
267 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
268 BUG_ON(align & mask);
270 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
271 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
273 ret = (void *)_brk_end;
276 memset(ret, 0, size);
282 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void)
287 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
289 if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
290 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_brk_start),
291 _brk_end - _brk_start);
293 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
298 u64 relocated_ramdisk;
300 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
302 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_image(void)
304 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
306 ramdisk_image |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_image << 32;
308 return ramdisk_image;
310 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_size(void)
312 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
314 ramdisk_size |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_size << 32;
319 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
320 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
322 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
323 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
324 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size();
325 u64 area_size = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size);
326 unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
329 /* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */
330 relocated_ramdisk = memblock_find_in_range(0, PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped),
331 area_size, PAGE_SIZE);
333 if (!relocated_ramdisk)
334 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
337 /* Note: this includes all the mem currently occupied by
338 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
339 memblock_reserve(relocated_ramdisk, area_size);
340 initrd_start = relocated_ramdisk + PAGE_OFFSET;
341 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
342 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
343 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1);
345 q = (char *)initrd_start;
347 /* Copy the initrd */
348 while (ramdisk_size) {
349 slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
351 if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
352 clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
353 mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
354 p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
355 memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
356 early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
358 ramdisk_image += clen;
359 ramdisk_size -= clen;
362 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
363 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size();
364 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to"
365 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
366 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
367 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1);
370 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void)
372 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
373 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
374 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size();
375 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
377 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
378 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
379 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
381 memblock_reserve(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
383 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
385 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
386 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
387 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size();
388 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
391 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
392 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
393 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
397 mapped_size = memblock_mem_size(max_pfn_mapped);
398 if (ramdisk_size >= (mapped_size>>1))
399 panic("initrd too large to handle, "
400 "disabling initrd (%lld needed, %lld available)\n",
401 ramdisk_size, mapped_size>>1);
403 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image,
406 if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image),
407 PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end))) {
408 /* All are mapped, easy case */
409 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
410 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
416 memblock_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
419 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void)
422 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
425 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
427 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
429 struct setup_data *data;
430 u64 pa_data, pa_next;
432 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
434 u32 data_len, map_len, data_type;
436 map_len = max(PAGE_SIZE - (pa_data & ~PAGE_MASK),
437 (u64)sizeof(struct setup_data));
438 data = early_memremap(pa_data, map_len);
439 data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data);
440 data_type = data->type;
441 pa_next = data->next;
442 early_iounmap(data, map_len);
446 parse_e820_ext(pa_data, data_len);
458 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
460 struct setup_data *data;
464 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
466 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
467 e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
468 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
470 pa_data = data->next;
471 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
476 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
477 memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
478 printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
479 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
482 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
484 struct setup_data *data;
487 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
489 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
490 memblock_reserve(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len);
491 pa_data = data->next;
492 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
497 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
503 * Keep the crash kernel below this limit. On 32 bits earlier kernels
504 * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions.
505 * On 64bit, old kexec-tools need to under 896MiB.
508 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX (512 << 20)
509 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX (512 << 20)
511 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX (896UL<<20)
512 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX MAXMEM
515 static void __init reserve_crashkernel_low(void)
518 const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; /* 16M */
519 unsigned long long low_base = 0, low_size = 0;
520 unsigned long total_low_mem;
521 unsigned long long base;
522 bool auto_set = false;
525 total_low_mem = memblock_mem_size(1UL<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT));
526 /* crashkernel=Y,low */
527 ret = parse_crashkernel_low(boot_command_line, total_low_mem,
531 * two parts from lib/swiotlb.c:
532 * swiotlb size: user specified with swiotlb= or default.
533 * swiotlb overflow buffer: now is hardcoded to 32k.
534 * We round it to 8M for other buffers that
535 * may need to stay low too.
537 low_size = swiotlb_size_or_default() + (8UL<<20);
540 /* passed with crashkernel=0,low ? */
545 low_base = memblock_find_in_range(low_size, (1ULL<<32),
546 low_size, alignment);
550 pr_info("crashkernel low reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
555 memblock_reserve(low_base, low_size);
556 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of low memory at %ldMB for crashkernel (System low RAM: %ldMB)\n",
557 (unsigned long)(low_size >> 20),
558 (unsigned long)(low_base >> 20),
559 (unsigned long)(total_low_mem >> 20));
560 crashk_low_res.start = low_base;
561 crashk_low_res.end = low_base + low_size - 1;
562 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_low_res);
566 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
568 const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; /* 16M */
569 unsigned long long total_mem;
570 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
574 total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
577 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
578 &crash_size, &crash_base);
579 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0) {
580 /* crashkernel=X,high */
581 ret = parse_crashkernel_high(boot_command_line, total_mem,
582 &crash_size, &crash_base);
583 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
588 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
589 if (crash_base <= 0) {
591 * kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
593 crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(alignment,
594 high ? CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX :
595 CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX,
596 crash_size, alignment);
599 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
604 unsigned long long start;
606 start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base,
607 crash_base + crash_size, crash_size, 1<<20);
608 if (start != crash_base) {
609 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
613 memblock_reserve(crash_base, crash_size);
615 printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
616 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
617 (unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
618 (unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
619 (unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
621 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
622 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
623 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
625 if (crash_base >= (1ULL<<32))
626 reserve_crashkernel_low();
629 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
634 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
635 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
636 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
637 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
638 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
639 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
640 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
641 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
642 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
643 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
644 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
645 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
646 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
647 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
648 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
649 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
650 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
651 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
652 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
653 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
654 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
657 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
661 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
662 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
663 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
667 static __init void reserve_ibft_region(void)
669 unsigned long addr, size = 0;
671 addr = find_ibft_region(&size);
674 memblock_reserve(addr, size);
677 static bool __init snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void)
682 static const __initconst u16 snb_ids[] = {
692 /* Assume no if something weird is going on with PCI */
693 if (!early_pci_allowed())
696 vendor = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_VENDOR_ID);
697 if (vendor != 0x8086)
700 devid = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_DEVICE_ID);
701 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snb_ids); i++)
702 if (devid == snb_ids[i])
710 * Sandy Bridge graphics has trouble with certain ranges, exclude
711 * them from allocation.
713 static void __init trim_snb_memory(void)
715 static const __initconst unsigned long bad_pages[] = {
724 if (!snb_gfx_workaround_needed())
727 printk(KERN_DEBUG "reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages\n");
730 * Reserve all memory below the 1 MB mark that has not
731 * already been reserved.
733 memblock_reserve(0, 1<<20);
735 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_pages); i++) {
736 if (memblock_reserve(bad_pages[i], PAGE_SIZE))
737 printk(KERN_WARNING "failed to reserve 0x%08lx\n",
743 * Here we put platform-specific memory range workarounds, i.e.
744 * memory known to be corrupt or otherwise in need to be reserved on
745 * specific platforms.
747 * If this gets used more widely it could use a real dispatch mechanism.
749 static void __init trim_platform_memory_ranges(void)
754 static void __init trim_bios_range(void)
757 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
758 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
759 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
761 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
762 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the
763 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
765 e820_update_range(0, PAGE_SIZE, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
768 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
769 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
772 e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1);
774 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
777 /* called before trim_bios_range() to spare extra sanitize */
778 static void __init e820_add_kernel_range(void)
780 u64 start = __pa_symbol(_text);
781 u64 size = __pa_symbol(_end) - start;
784 * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_RAM and
785 * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS,
786 * or the user may have used memmap=exactmap or memmap=xxM$yyM to
787 * exclude kernel range. If we really are running on top non-RAM,
788 * we will crash later anyways.
790 if (e820_all_mapped(start, start + size, E820_RAM))
793 pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_RAM!\n");
794 e820_remove_range(start, size, E820_RAM, 0);
795 e820_add_region(start, size, E820_RAM);
798 static unsigned reserve_low = CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW << 10;
800 static int __init parse_reservelow(char *p)
802 unsigned long long size;
807 size = memparse(p, &p);
820 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow);
822 static void __init trim_low_memory_range(void)
824 memblock_reserve(0, ALIGN(reserve_low, PAGE_SIZE));
828 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
829 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
830 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
831 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
832 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
835 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
837 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
840 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
842 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_text),
843 (unsigned long)__bss_stop - (unsigned long)_text);
845 early_reserve_initrd();
848 * At this point everything still needed from the boot loader
849 * or BIOS or kernel text should be early reserved or marked not
850 * RAM in e820. All other memory is free game.
854 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
855 visws_early_detect();
858 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
859 * to the proper swapper page table
861 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
862 initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
865 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
868 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
872 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
873 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
879 early_ioremap_init();
881 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
883 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
884 screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
885 edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
887 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
888 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
889 if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
890 machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
891 machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
892 BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
895 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
896 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
897 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
898 bootloader_type &= 0xf;
899 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
901 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf;
902 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
904 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
905 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
906 rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
907 rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
910 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
912 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &x86_efi_facility);
913 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
915 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &x86_efi_facility);
916 set_bit(EFI_64BIT, &x86_efi_facility);
919 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
920 efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range();
923 x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
925 iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1;
928 /* update the e820_saved too */
929 e820_reserve_setup_data();
933 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
934 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
935 init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
936 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
937 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
938 init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
940 code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_text);
941 code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_etext)-1;
942 data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_etext);
943 data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_edata)-1;
944 bss_resource.start = __pa_symbol(__bss_start);
945 bss_resource.end = __pa_symbol(__bss_stop)-1;
947 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
948 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
949 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
951 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
952 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
953 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
954 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
955 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
960 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
961 *cmdline_p = command_line;
964 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
965 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
966 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
967 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
968 * to honor the respective command line option.
976 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
977 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
979 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
980 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
983 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
987 if (pci_early_dump_regs)
988 early_dump_pci_devices();
991 finish_e820_parsing();
993 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
998 dmi_set_dump_stack_arch_desc();
1001 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
1002 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
1004 init_hypervisor_platform();
1006 x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
1008 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
1009 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
1010 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
1011 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
1013 e820_add_kernel_range();
1015 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1016 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
1017 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
1019 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
1020 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
1021 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
1024 early_gart_iommu_check();
1028 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
1029 * we are rounding upwards:
1031 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1033 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
1035 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
1036 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1038 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1039 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
1040 find_low_pfn_range();
1044 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
1045 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
1046 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
1047 max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
1049 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
1051 high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
1055 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
1059 reserve_ibft_region();
1061 early_alloc_pgt_buf();
1064 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
1065 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
1072 memblock_set_current_limit(ISA_END_ADDRESS);
1073 memblock_x86_fill();
1076 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called
1077 * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
1079 if (efi_enabled(EFI_MEMMAP))
1080 efi_reserve_boot_services();
1082 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
1083 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
1085 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
1086 setup_bios_corruption_check();
1089 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1090 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n",
1091 (max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT) - 1);
1094 reserve_real_mode();
1096 trim_platform_memory_ranges();
1097 trim_low_memory_range();
1101 early_trap_pf_init();
1105 memblock_set_current_limit(get_max_mapped());
1106 dma_contiguous_reserve(0);
1109 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
1112 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
1113 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
1114 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
1116 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */
1121 #if defined(CONFIG_ACPI) && defined(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD)
1122 acpi_initrd_override((void *)initrd_start, initrd_end - initrd_start);
1130 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
1132 acpi_boot_table_init();
1134 early_acpi_boot_init();
1139 * Reserve memory for crash kernel after SRAT is parsed so that it
1140 * won't consume hotpluggable memory.
1142 reserve_crashkernel();
1144 memblock_find_dma_reserve();
1146 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST
1150 x86_init.paging.pagetable_init();
1152 if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level >= 0) {
1153 /* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */
1154 mmu_cr4_features = read_cr4();
1155 if (trampoline_cr4_features)
1156 *trampoline_cr4_features = mmu_cr4_features;
1159 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1160 /* sync back kernel address range */
1161 clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1162 swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1168 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
1172 generic_apic_probe();
1177 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1184 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1186 if (smp_found_config)
1189 prefill_possible_map();
1193 init_apic_mappings();
1194 if (x86_io_apic_ops.init)
1195 x86_io_apic_ops.init();
1199 e820_reserve_resources();
1200 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1202 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1207 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1208 if (!efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT) || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1209 conswitchp = &vga_con;
1210 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1211 conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1214 x86_init.oem.banner();
1216 x86_init.timers.wallclock_init();
1220 arch_init_ideal_nops();
1222 register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE);
1225 /* Once setup is done above, unmap the EFI memory map on
1226 * mismatched firmware/kernel archtectures since there is no
1227 * support for runtime services.
1229 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT) && !efi_is_native()) {
1230 pr_info("efi: Setup done, disabling due to 32/64-bit mismatch\n");
1236 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1238 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1239 .name = "Video RAM area",
1242 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1245 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1247 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1248 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1251 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */