2 * Based on arch/arm/kernel/traps.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2009 Russell King
5 * Copyright (C) 2012 ARM Ltd.
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
20 #include <linux/bug.h>
21 #include <linux/signal.h>
22 #include <linux/personality.h>
23 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
24 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
25 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
26 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
27 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
28 #include <linux/module.h>
29 #include <linux/kexec.h>
30 #include <linux/delay.h>
31 #include <linux/init.h>
32 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
33 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
34 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
35 #include <linux/sizes.h>
36 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
37 #include <linux/mm_types.h>
39 #include <asm/atomic.h>
41 #include <asm/daifflags.h>
42 #include <asm/debug-monitors.h>
45 #include <asm/traps.h>
47 #include <asm/stack_pointer.h>
48 #include <asm/stacktrace.h>
49 #include <asm/exception.h>
50 #include <asm/system_misc.h>
51 #include <asm/sysreg.h>
53 static const char *handler[]= {
60 int show_unhandled_signals = 1;
62 static void dump_backtrace_entry(unsigned long where)
64 printk(" %pS\n", (void *)where);
67 static void __dump_instr(const char *lvl, struct pt_regs *regs)
69 unsigned long addr = instruction_pointer(regs);
70 char str[sizeof("00000000 ") * 5 + 2 + 1], *p = str;
73 for (i = -4; i < 1; i++) {
74 unsigned int val, bad;
76 bad = get_user(val, &((u32 *)addr)[i]);
79 p += sprintf(p, i == 0 ? "(%08x) " : "%08x ", val);
81 p += sprintf(p, "bad PC value");
85 printk("%sCode: %s\n", lvl, str);
88 static void dump_instr(const char *lvl, struct pt_regs *regs)
90 if (!user_mode(regs)) {
91 mm_segment_t fs = get_fs();
93 __dump_instr(lvl, regs);
96 __dump_instr(lvl, regs);
100 void dump_backtrace(struct pt_regs *regs, struct task_struct *tsk)
102 struct stackframe frame;
105 pr_debug("%s(regs = %p tsk = %p)\n", __func__, regs, tsk);
110 if (!try_get_task_stack(tsk))
113 if (tsk == current) {
114 frame.fp = (unsigned long)__builtin_frame_address(0);
115 frame.pc = (unsigned long)dump_backtrace;
118 * task blocked in __switch_to
120 frame.fp = thread_saved_fp(tsk);
121 frame.pc = thread_saved_pc(tsk);
123 #ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
124 frame.graph = tsk->curr_ret_stack;
128 printk("Call trace:\n");
130 /* skip until specified stack frame */
132 dump_backtrace_entry(frame.pc);
133 } else if (frame.fp == regs->regs[29]) {
136 * Mostly, this is the case where this function is
137 * called in panic/abort. As exception handler's
138 * stack frame does not contain the corresponding pc
139 * at which an exception has taken place, use regs->pc
142 dump_backtrace_entry(regs->pc);
144 } while (!unwind_frame(tsk, &frame));
149 void show_stack(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long *sp)
151 dump_backtrace(NULL, tsk);
155 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
156 #define S_PREEMPT " PREEMPT"
162 static int __die(const char *str, int err, struct pt_regs *regs)
164 struct task_struct *tsk = current;
165 static int die_counter;
168 pr_emerg("Internal error: %s: %x [#%d]" S_PREEMPT S_SMP "\n",
169 str, err, ++die_counter);
171 /* trap and error numbers are mostly meaningless on ARM */
172 ret = notify_die(DIE_OOPS, str, regs, err, 0, SIGSEGV);
173 if (ret == NOTIFY_STOP)
178 pr_emerg("Process %.*s (pid: %d, stack limit = 0x%p)\n",
179 TASK_COMM_LEN, tsk->comm, task_pid_nr(tsk),
182 if (!user_mode(regs)) {
183 dump_backtrace(regs, tsk);
184 dump_instr(KERN_EMERG, regs);
190 static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(die_lock);
193 * This function is protected against re-entrancy.
195 void die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, int err)
200 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&die_lock, flags);
206 ret = __die(str, err, regs);
208 if (regs && kexec_should_crash(current))
212 add_taint(TAINT_DIE, LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE);
216 panic("Fatal exception in interrupt");
218 panic("Fatal exception");
220 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&die_lock, flags);
222 if (ret != NOTIFY_STOP)
226 void arm64_notify_die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs,
227 struct siginfo *info, int err)
229 if (user_mode(regs)) {
230 current->thread.fault_address = 0;
231 current->thread.fault_code = err;
232 force_sig_info(info->si_signo, info, current);
238 void arm64_skip_faulting_instruction(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long size)
243 * If we were single stepping, we want to get the step exception after
244 * we return from the trap.
246 user_fastforward_single_step(current);
249 static LIST_HEAD(undef_hook);
250 static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(undef_lock);
252 void register_undef_hook(struct undef_hook *hook)
256 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
257 list_add(&hook->node, &undef_hook);
258 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
261 void unregister_undef_hook(struct undef_hook *hook)
265 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
266 list_del(&hook->node);
267 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
270 static int call_undef_hook(struct pt_regs *regs)
272 struct undef_hook *hook;
275 int (*fn)(struct pt_regs *regs, u32 instr) = NULL;
276 void __user *pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
278 if (!user_mode(regs))
281 if (compat_thumb_mode(regs)) {
282 /* 16-bit Thumb instruction */
284 if (get_user(instr_le, (__le16 __user *)pc))
286 instr = le16_to_cpu(instr_le);
287 if (aarch32_insn_is_wide(instr)) {
290 if (get_user(instr_le, (__le16 __user *)(pc + 2)))
292 instr2 = le16_to_cpu(instr_le);
293 instr = (instr << 16) | instr2;
296 /* 32-bit ARM instruction */
298 if (get_user(instr_le, (__le32 __user *)pc))
300 instr = le32_to_cpu(instr_le);
303 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
304 list_for_each_entry(hook, &undef_hook, node)
305 if ((instr & hook->instr_mask) == hook->instr_val &&
306 (regs->pstate & hook->pstate_mask) == hook->pstate_val)
309 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
311 return fn ? fn(regs, instr) : 1;
314 void force_signal_inject(int signal, int code, struct pt_regs *regs,
315 unsigned long address)
318 void __user *pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
323 desc = "undefined instruction";
326 desc = "illegal memory access";
329 desc = "unknown or unrecoverable error";
333 if (unhandled_signal(current, signal) &&
334 show_unhandled_signals_ratelimited()) {
335 pr_info("%s[%d]: %s: pc=%p\n",
336 current->comm, task_pid_nr(current), desc, pc);
337 dump_instr(KERN_INFO, regs);
340 info.si_signo = signal;
345 arm64_notify_die(desc, regs, &info, 0);
349 * Set up process info to signal segmentation fault - called on access error.
351 void arm64_notify_segfault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long addr)
355 down_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
356 if (find_vma(current->mm, addr) == NULL)
360 up_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
362 force_signal_inject(SIGSEGV, code, regs, addr);
365 asmlinkage void __exception do_undefinstr(struct pt_regs *regs)
367 /* check for AArch32 breakpoint instructions */
368 if (!aarch32_break_handler(regs))
371 if (call_undef_hook(regs) == 0)
374 force_signal_inject(SIGILL, ILL_ILLOPC, regs, 0);
377 int cpu_enable_cache_maint_trap(void *__unused)
379 config_sctlr_el1(SCTLR_EL1_UCI, 0);
383 #define __user_cache_maint(insn, address, res) \
384 if (address >= user_addr_max()) { \
387 uaccess_ttbr0_enable(); \
389 "1: " insn ", %1\n" \
392 " .pushsection .fixup,\"ax\"\n" \
394 "3: mov %w0, %w2\n" \
397 _ASM_EXTABLE(1b, 3b) \
399 : "r" (address), "i" (-EFAULT)); \
400 uaccess_ttbr0_disable(); \
403 static void user_cache_maint_handler(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
405 unsigned long address;
406 int rt = (esr & ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_MASK) >> ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_SHIFT;
407 int crm = (esr & ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_MASK) >> ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_SHIFT;
410 address = untagged_addr(pt_regs_read_reg(regs, rt));
413 case ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_DC_CVAU: /* DC CVAU, gets promoted */
414 __user_cache_maint("dc civac", address, ret);
416 case ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_DC_CVAC: /* DC CVAC, gets promoted */
417 __user_cache_maint("dc civac", address, ret);
419 case ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_DC_CVAP: /* DC CVAP */
420 __user_cache_maint("sys 3, c7, c12, 1", address, ret);
422 case ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_DC_CIVAC: /* DC CIVAC */
423 __user_cache_maint("dc civac", address, ret);
425 case ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_IC_IVAU: /* IC IVAU */
426 __user_cache_maint("ic ivau", address, ret);
429 force_signal_inject(SIGILL, ILL_ILLOPC, regs, 0);
434 arm64_notify_segfault(regs, address);
436 arm64_skip_faulting_instruction(regs, AARCH64_INSN_SIZE);
439 static void ctr_read_handler(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
441 int rt = (esr & ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_MASK) >> ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_SHIFT;
442 unsigned long val = arm64_ftr_reg_user_value(&arm64_ftr_reg_ctrel0);
444 pt_regs_write_reg(regs, rt, val);
446 arm64_skip_faulting_instruction(regs, AARCH64_INSN_SIZE);
449 static void cntvct_read_handler(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
451 int rt = (esr & ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_MASK) >> ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_SHIFT;
453 pt_regs_write_reg(regs, rt, arch_counter_get_cntvct());
454 arm64_skip_faulting_instruction(regs, AARCH64_INSN_SIZE);
457 static void cntfrq_read_handler(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
459 int rt = (esr & ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_MASK) >> ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_SHIFT;
461 pt_regs_write_reg(regs, rt, arch_timer_get_rate());
462 arm64_skip_faulting_instruction(regs, AARCH64_INSN_SIZE);
466 unsigned int esr_mask;
467 unsigned int esr_val;
468 void (*handler)(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs);
471 static struct sys64_hook sys64_hooks[] = {
473 .esr_mask = ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_EL0_CACHE_OP_MASK,
474 .esr_val = ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_EL0_CACHE_OP_VAL,
475 .handler = user_cache_maint_handler,
478 /* Trap read access to CTR_EL0 */
479 .esr_mask = ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_OP_MASK,
480 .esr_val = ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_CTR_READ,
481 .handler = ctr_read_handler,
484 /* Trap read access to CNTVCT_EL0 */
485 .esr_mask = ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_OP_MASK,
486 .esr_val = ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_CNTVCT,
487 .handler = cntvct_read_handler,
490 /* Trap read access to CNTFRQ_EL0 */
491 .esr_mask = ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_OP_MASK,
492 .esr_val = ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_CNTFRQ,
493 .handler = cntfrq_read_handler,
498 asmlinkage void __exception do_sysinstr(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
500 struct sys64_hook *hook;
502 for (hook = sys64_hooks; hook->handler; hook++)
503 if ((hook->esr_mask & esr) == hook->esr_val) {
504 hook->handler(esr, regs);
509 * New SYS instructions may previously have been undefined at EL0. Fall
510 * back to our usual undefined instruction handler so that we handle
511 * these consistently.
516 long compat_arm_syscall(struct pt_regs *regs);
518 asmlinkage long do_ni_syscall(struct pt_regs *regs)
522 if (is_compat_task()) {
523 ret = compat_arm_syscall(regs);
529 if (show_unhandled_signals_ratelimited()) {
530 pr_info("%s[%d]: syscall %d\n", current->comm,
531 task_pid_nr(current), regs->syscallno);
532 dump_instr("", regs);
537 return sys_ni_syscall();
540 static const char *esr_class_str[] = {
541 [0 ... ESR_ELx_EC_MAX] = "UNRECOGNIZED EC",
542 [ESR_ELx_EC_UNKNOWN] = "Unknown/Uncategorized",
543 [ESR_ELx_EC_WFx] = "WFI/WFE",
544 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP15_32] = "CP15 MCR/MRC",
545 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP15_64] = "CP15 MCRR/MRRC",
546 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_MR] = "CP14 MCR/MRC",
547 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_LS] = "CP14 LDC/STC",
548 [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_ASIMD] = "ASIMD",
549 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP10_ID] = "CP10 MRC/VMRS",
550 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_64] = "CP14 MCRR/MRRC",
551 [ESR_ELx_EC_ILL] = "PSTATE.IL",
552 [ESR_ELx_EC_SVC32] = "SVC (AArch32)",
553 [ESR_ELx_EC_HVC32] = "HVC (AArch32)",
554 [ESR_ELx_EC_SMC32] = "SMC (AArch32)",
555 [ESR_ELx_EC_SVC64] = "SVC (AArch64)",
556 [ESR_ELx_EC_HVC64] = "HVC (AArch64)",
557 [ESR_ELx_EC_SMC64] = "SMC (AArch64)",
558 [ESR_ELx_EC_SYS64] = "MSR/MRS (AArch64)",
559 [ESR_ELx_EC_SVE] = "SVE",
560 [ESR_ELx_EC_IMP_DEF] = "EL3 IMP DEF",
561 [ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_LOW] = "IABT (lower EL)",
562 [ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR] = "IABT (current EL)",
563 [ESR_ELx_EC_PC_ALIGN] = "PC Alignment",
564 [ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_LOW] = "DABT (lower EL)",
565 [ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_CUR] = "DABT (current EL)",
566 [ESR_ELx_EC_SP_ALIGN] = "SP Alignment",
567 [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_EXC32] = "FP (AArch32)",
568 [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_EXC64] = "FP (AArch64)",
569 [ESR_ELx_EC_SERROR] = "SError",
570 [ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_LOW] = "Breakpoint (lower EL)",
571 [ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_CUR] = "Breakpoint (current EL)",
572 [ESR_ELx_EC_SOFTSTP_LOW] = "Software Step (lower EL)",
573 [ESR_ELx_EC_SOFTSTP_CUR] = "Software Step (current EL)",
574 [ESR_ELx_EC_WATCHPT_LOW] = "Watchpoint (lower EL)",
575 [ESR_ELx_EC_WATCHPT_CUR] = "Watchpoint (current EL)",
576 [ESR_ELx_EC_BKPT32] = "BKPT (AArch32)",
577 [ESR_ELx_EC_VECTOR32] = "Vector catch (AArch32)",
578 [ESR_ELx_EC_BRK64] = "BRK (AArch64)",
581 const char *esr_get_class_string(u32 esr)
583 return esr_class_str[ESR_ELx_EC(esr)];
587 * bad_mode handles the impossible case in the exception vector. This is always
590 asmlinkage void bad_mode(struct pt_regs *regs, int reason, unsigned int esr)
594 pr_crit("Bad mode in %s handler detected on CPU%d, code 0x%08x -- %s\n",
595 handler[reason], smp_processor_id(), esr,
596 esr_get_class_string(esr));
598 die("Oops - bad mode", regs, 0);
604 * bad_el0_sync handles unexpected, but potentially recoverable synchronous
605 * exceptions taken from EL0. Unlike bad_mode, this returns.
607 asmlinkage void bad_el0_sync(struct pt_regs *regs, int reason, unsigned int esr)
610 void __user *pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
613 pr_crit("Bad EL0 synchronous exception detected on CPU%d, code 0x%08x -- %s\n",
614 smp_processor_id(), esr, esr_get_class_string(esr));
617 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
619 info.si_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
622 current->thread.fault_address = 0;
623 current->thread.fault_code = 0;
625 force_sig_info(info.si_signo, &info, current);
628 #ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
630 DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long [OVERFLOW_STACK_SIZE/sizeof(long)], overflow_stack)
633 asmlinkage void handle_bad_stack(struct pt_regs *regs)
635 unsigned long tsk_stk = (unsigned long)current->stack;
636 unsigned long irq_stk = (unsigned long)this_cpu_read(irq_stack_ptr);
637 unsigned long ovf_stk = (unsigned long)this_cpu_ptr(overflow_stack);
638 unsigned int esr = read_sysreg(esr_el1);
639 unsigned long far = read_sysreg(far_el1);
642 pr_emerg("Insufficient stack space to handle exception!");
644 pr_emerg("ESR: 0x%08x -- %s\n", esr, esr_get_class_string(esr));
645 pr_emerg("FAR: 0x%016lx\n", far);
647 pr_emerg("Task stack: [0x%016lx..0x%016lx]\n",
648 tsk_stk, tsk_stk + THREAD_SIZE);
649 pr_emerg("IRQ stack: [0x%016lx..0x%016lx]\n",
650 irq_stk, irq_stk + THREAD_SIZE);
651 pr_emerg("Overflow stack: [0x%016lx..0x%016lx]\n",
652 ovf_stk, ovf_stk + OVERFLOW_STACK_SIZE);
657 * We use nmi_panic to limit the potential for recusive overflows, and
658 * to get a better stack trace.
660 nmi_panic(NULL, "kernel stack overflow");
665 asmlinkage void do_serror(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned int esr)
671 pr_crit("SError Interrupt on CPU%d, code 0x%08x -- %s\n",
672 smp_processor_id(), esr, esr_get_class_string(esr));
675 panic("Asynchronous SError Interrupt");
678 void __pte_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
680 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pte %016lx.\n", file, line, val);
683 void __pmd_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
685 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pmd %016lx.\n", file, line, val);
688 void __pud_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
690 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pud %016lx.\n", file, line, val);
693 void __pgd_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
695 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pgd %016lx.\n", file, line, val);
698 /* GENERIC_BUG traps */
700 int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long addr)
703 * bug_handler() only called for BRK #BUG_BRK_IMM.
704 * So the answer is trivial -- any spurious instances with no
705 * bug table entry will be rejected by report_bug() and passed
706 * back to the debug-monitors code and handled as a fatal
707 * unexpected debug exception.
712 static int bug_handler(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned int esr)
715 return DBG_HOOK_ERROR;
717 switch (report_bug(regs->pc, regs)) {
718 case BUG_TRAP_TYPE_BUG:
719 die("Oops - BUG", regs, 0);
722 case BUG_TRAP_TYPE_WARN:
726 /* unknown/unrecognised bug trap type */
727 return DBG_HOOK_ERROR;
730 /* If thread survives, skip over the BUG instruction and continue: */
731 arm64_skip_faulting_instruction(regs, AARCH64_INSN_SIZE);
732 return DBG_HOOK_HANDLED;
735 static struct break_hook bug_break_hook = {
736 .esr_val = 0xf2000000 | BUG_BRK_IMM,
737 .esr_mask = 0xffffffff,
742 * Initial handler for AArch64 BRK exceptions
743 * This handler only used until debug_traps_init().
745 int __init early_brk64(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr,
746 struct pt_regs *regs)
748 return bug_handler(regs, esr) != DBG_HOOK_HANDLED;
751 /* This registration must happen early, before debug_traps_init(). */
752 void __init trap_init(void)
754 register_break_hook(&bug_break_hook);