1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 ========================
4 Null block device driver
5 ========================
10 The null block device (``/dev/nullb*``) is used for benchmarking the various
11 block-layer implementations. It emulates a block device of X gigabytes in size.
12 It does not execute any read/write operation, just mark them as complete in
13 the request queue. The following instances are possible:
15 Multi-queue block-layer
18 - Configurable submission queues per device.
20 No block-layer (Known as bio-based)
22 - Bio-based. IO requests are submitted directly to the device driver.
23 - Directly accepts bio data structure and returns them.
25 All of them have a completion queue for each core in the system.
30 queue_mode=[0-2]: Default: 2-Multi-queue
31 Selects which block-layer the module should instantiate with.
35 1 Single-queue (deprecated)
39 home_node=[0--nr_nodes]: Default: NUMA_NO_NODE
40 Selects what CPU node the data structures are allocated from.
42 gb=[Size in GB]: Default: 250GB
43 The size of the device reported to the system.
45 bs=[Block size (in bytes)]: Default: 512 bytes
46 The block size reported to the system.
48 nr_devices=[Number of devices]: Default: 1
49 Number of block devices instantiated. They are instantiated as /dev/nullb0,
52 irqmode=[0-2]: Default: 1-Soft-irq
53 The completion mode used for completing IOs to the block-layer.
55 = ===========================================================================
57 1 Soft-irq. Uses IPI to complete IOs across CPU nodes. Simulates the overhead
58 when IOs are issued from another CPU node than the home the device is
60 2 Timer: Waits a specific period (completion_nsec) for each IO before
62 = ===========================================================================
64 completion_nsec=[ns]: Default: 10,000ns
65 Combined with irqmode=2 (timer). The time each completion event must wait.
67 submit_queues=[1..nr_cpus]: Default: 1
68 The number of submission queues attached to the device driver. If unset, it
69 defaults to 1. For multi-queue, it is ignored when use_per_node_hctx module
72 hw_queue_depth=[0..qdepth]: Default: 64
73 The hardware queue depth of the device.
75 Multi-queue specific parameters
76 -------------------------------
78 use_per_node_hctx=[0/1]: Default: 0
79 Number of hardware context queues.
81 = =====================================================================
82 0 The number of submit queues are set to the value of the submit_queues
84 1 The multi-queue block layer is instantiated with a hardware dispatch
85 queue for each CPU node in the system.
86 = =====================================================================
88 no_sched=[0/1]: Default: 0
89 Enable/disable the io scheduler.
91 = ======================================
92 0 nullb* use default blk-mq io scheduler
93 1 nullb* doesn't use io scheduler
94 = ======================================
96 blocking=[0/1]: Default: 0
97 Blocking behavior of the request queue.
99 = ===============================================================
100 0 Register as a non-blocking blk-mq driver device.
101 1 Register as a blocking blk-mq driver device, null_blk will set
102 the BLK_MQ_F_BLOCKING flag, indicating that it sometimes/always
103 needs to block in its ->queue_rq() function.
104 = ===============================================================
106 shared_tags=[0/1]: Default: 0
107 Sharing tags between devices.
109 = ================================================================
110 0 Tag set is not shared.
111 1 Tag set shared between devices for blk-mq. Only makes sense with
112 nr_devices > 1, otherwise there's no tag set to share.
113 = ================================================================
115 zoned=[0/1]: Default: 0
116 Device is a random-access or a zoned block device.
118 = ======================================================================
119 0 Block device is exposed as a random-access block device.
120 1 Block device is exposed as a host-managed zoned block device. Requires
121 CONFIG_BLK_DEV_ZONED.
122 = ======================================================================
124 zone_size=[MB]: Default: 256
125 Per zone size when exposed as a zoned block device. Must be a power of two.
127 zone_nr_conv=[nr_conv]: Default: 0
128 The number of conventional zones to create when block device is zoned. If
129 zone_nr_conv >= nr_zones, it will be reduced to nr_zones - 1.