1 PCI Express I/O Virtualization Howto
2 Copyright (C) 2009 Intel Corporation
3 Yu Zhao <yu.zhao@intel.com>
6 -- sysfs-based SRIOV enable-/disable-ment
7 Donald Dutile <ddutile@redhat.com>
13 Single Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV) is a PCI Express Extended
14 capability which makes one physical device appear as multiple virtual
15 devices. The physical device is referred to as Physical Function (PF)
16 while the virtual devices are referred to as Virtual Functions (VF).
17 Allocation of the VF can be dynamically controlled by the PF via
18 registers encapsulated in the capability. By default, this feature is
19 not enabled and the PF behaves as traditional PCIe device. Once it's
20 turned on, each VF's PCI configuration space can be accessed by its own
21 Bus, Device and Function Number (Routing ID). And each VF also has PCI
22 Memory Space, which is used to map its register set. VF device driver
23 operates on the register set so it can be functional and appear as a
24 real existing PCI device.
28 2.1 How can I enable SR-IOV capability
30 Multiple methods are available for SR-IOV enablement.
31 In the first method, the device driver (PF driver) will control the
32 enabling and disabling of the capability via API provided by SR-IOV core.
33 If the hardware has SR-IOV capability, loading its PF driver would
34 enable it and all VFs associated with the PF. Some PF drivers require
35 a module parameter to be set to determine the number of VFs to enable.
36 In the second method, a write to the sysfs file sriov_numvfs will
37 enable and disable the VFs associated with a PCIe PF. This method
38 enables per-PF, VF enable/disable values versus the first method,
39 which applies to all PFs of the same device. Additionally, the
40 PCI SRIOV core support ensures that enable/disable operations are
41 valid to reduce duplication in multiple drivers for the same
42 checks, e.g., check numvfs == 0 if enabling VFs, ensure
44 The second method is the recommended method for new/future VF devices.
46 2.2 How can I use the Virtual Functions
48 The VF is treated as hot-plugged PCI devices in the kernel, so they
49 should be able to work in the same way as real PCI devices. The VF
50 requires device driver that is same as a normal PCI device's.
56 To enable SR-IOV capability:
57 (a) For the first method, in the driver:
58 int pci_enable_sriov(struct pci_dev *dev, int nr_virtfn);
59 'nr_virtfn' is number of VFs to be enabled.
60 (b) For the second method, from sysfs:
62 /sys/bus/pci/devices/<DOMAIN:BUS:DEVICE.FUNCTION>/sriov_numvfs
64 To disable SR-IOV capability:
65 (a) For the first method, in the driver:
66 void pci_disable_sriov(struct pci_dev *dev);
67 (b) For the second method, from sysfs:
69 /sys/bus/pci/devices/<DOMAIN:BUS:DEVICE.FUNCTION>/sriov_numvfs
71 To enable auto probing VFs by a compatible driver on the host, run
72 command below before enabling SR-IOV capabilities. This is the
75 /sys/bus/pci/devices/<DOMAIN:BUS:DEVICE.FUNCTION>/sriov_drivers_autoprobe
77 To disable auto probing VFs by a compatible driver on the host, run
78 command below before enabling SR-IOV capabilities. Updating this
79 entry will not affect VFs which are already probed.
81 /sys/bus/pci/devices/<DOMAIN:BUS:DEVICE.FUNCTION>/sriov_drivers_autoprobe
85 Following piece of code illustrates the usage of the SR-IOV API.
87 static int dev_probe(struct pci_dev *dev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
89 pci_enable_sriov(dev, NR_VIRTFN);
96 static void dev_remove(struct pci_dev *dev)
98 pci_disable_sriov(dev);
103 static int dev_suspend(struct pci_dev *dev, pm_message_t state)
110 static int dev_resume(struct pci_dev *dev)
117 static void dev_shutdown(struct pci_dev *dev)
122 static int dev_sriov_configure(struct pci_dev *dev, int numvfs)
126 pci_enable_sriov(dev, numvfs);
132 pci_disable_sriov(dev);
138 static struct pci_driver dev_driver = {
139 .name = "SR-IOV Physical Function driver",
140 .id_table = dev_id_table,
142 .remove = dev_remove,
143 .suspend = dev_suspend,
144 .resume = dev_resume,
145 .shutdown = dev_shutdown,
146 .sriov_configure = dev_sriov_configure,